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Unit 3 Review

This document provides a summary of key concepts from chapters 5-7 in a chemistry textbook. It outlines how to calculate moles, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical formulas, molecular formulas, hydrates, stoichiometry, limiting reactants, and percentage yield. The summary lists the steps to solve each type of problem and provides brief explanations of important terms like moles, molar mass, and Avogadro's constant. It also directs the reader to specific practice problems at the end of the chapter for review.

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21 views

Unit 3 Review

This document provides a summary of key concepts from chapters 5-7 in a chemistry textbook. It outlines how to calculate moles, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical formulas, molecular formulas, hydrates, stoichiometry, limiting reactants, and percentage yield. The summary lists the steps to solve each type of problem and provides brief explanations of important terms like moles, molar mass, and Avogadro's constant. It also directs the reader to specific practice problems at the end of the chapter for review.

Uploaded by

819551
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCH3U0

Unit 3 Chemical Quantities - Review


Chapter 5

5.1 Solving for moles. What is a mole? What is a mole based on?
Know what a molecule, formula unit, atom, ion and Avogadro’s constant are.

n=N
NA
5.2 n=m To determine molar mass (M). Add up the elements in the compound from
M the atomic numbers on the periodic table.

• Atomic mass is the average mass in atomic mass units of one atom of the element.
Molar mass is the mass in grams of one mole of the element. (6.02 x 1023 atoms)

Chapter 6

6.1 Percentage Composition % of = mass (g) element x 100 molar mass (element) x 100
element mass (g) compound molar mass (compound)
OR

6.2 Empirical Formula 1. Assume % = 100 g (convert % to mass (g)) or use masses given.

2. Solve for moles of each element n= mass (g) For each


molar mass of element element in
the compound.
3. Divide by lowest moles to get a whole number ratio
(Use fractions if necessary)

6.2 Molecular formula Factor = Molecular molar mass multiply the factor by the empirical
Empirical molar mass formula to get the molecular formula.

6.2 Hydrates 1. Treat the anhydrous and water as two separate compounds.
2. Solve for moles of each.
3. Divide by lowest moles to solve for “X” number of water molecules per
formula unit.

To determine the mass of either the water portion or anhydrous portion of the
hydrate multiply the mass of the whole hydrate by the decimalized percent of the
portion you are solving for.
Chapter 7

7.1 Stoichiometry 4 Steps 1. Balance the equation


2. Solve for moles of given
3. Mole ratio of known → to moles of unknown
4. Solve for the unknown (mass or particles)

7.2 Limiting Reactant 4 Steps 1. Balance the equation


2. Solve for moles of ALL givens
3. Mole ratio of ALL givens → to moles of the SAME unknown
Determine the limiting reactant from the reactant that given the
smallest moles of product.
4. Solve for the unknown (mass or particles)

7.3 Percentage Yield Use stoichiometry to determine the theoretical yield % Yield = actual yield x 100
theoretical yield
Review Questions pg 339-343 1-15, 34-38

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