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West Bengal Class 8 Eng lish Medium

Science Solution Cha pter 7 Wor ld of
Micr obes
Krishna
May 15, 2023
West Bengal Board Solution
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On this Page we have given West Bengal Class 8
English Medium Science Solution Chapter 7 World
of Microbes Question and Answer for our Students
of West bengal Class 8 English Medium. Hope this
following Question Answer will help our Students.
West Bengal Class 8 | Science | World of
Microbes

Q.(1) MCQ
1.) Microbes are

a) Plants and animals

b) Living organisms not visible to the naked eye

c) Inanimate objects in the environment

d) Artificially created organisms
Answer: Living organisms not visible to the naked
eye
2.) In general microbes be found
a) Only in air and water
b) Only in soil
c) Only in plants and animals
d) In air, water, soil, and various other places
Answer: In air, water, soil, and various other
places
3.) Microbes are different from plants and animals
as
a) They are smaller in size
b) They cannot survive in water
c) They are not living organisms
d) They are only found in soil
Answer: They are smaller in size
4.) What term is used to describe organisms that
are not visible with the naked eye
a) Invisible beings
b) Macrobes
c) Microbes
d) Macroorganisms
Answer: Microbes
5.) Identify the non living component of the
environment
a) Plants
b) Animals
c) Microbes
d) Inanimate objects
Answer: Inanimate objects
6.) The reason for bread to spoil quickly during the
rainy season is
A) Excessive heat
b) Exposure to sunlight
c) Contact with moisture
d) Inadequate storage
Answer: Contact with moisture
7.) These are the structures which can be
observed on the surface of spoiled bread
A) Whitish can be seen via
a) With the naked eye
b) Under a magnifying glass
patches
b) Red spots
c) Green mold
d) Minute, small, black, round structures
Answer: Minute, small, black, round structures
8.) the structures on a spoilt bread
c) Under a microscope
d) By touching the bread
Answer: Under a magnifying glass
9.) Microbes have survived on Earth from a period
of
a) 3.5 million years
b) 35 million years
c) 3.5 billion years
d) 35 billion years
Answer: 3.5 billion years
10.) ____ percentage of the mass of all living
organisms is constituted by microbes
A) 10%
b) 30%
c) 50%
d) 60%
Answer: 60%
11.) Name the places in the environment which
may have high availability of oxygen
A) Dark and dump places
b) Hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents
c) Desert regions and polar ice caps
d) Saline water and wetlands
Answer: Hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal
vents
12.) The purpose of staining in microbiology is
a) To identify the temperature range for microbial
growth
b) To identify different types of microbes under a
microscope
c) To provide nutrients for microbial growth
d) To determine the oxygen requirements of
microbes
Answer: To identify different types of microbes
under a microscope
13.) From the following organisms which are
considered Microbes
a) All fungi and bacteria
b) All algae and bacteria
c) All viruses and bacteria
d) Some fungi, bacteria, and protists
Answer: d) Some fungi, bacteria, and protists
14.) Its the temperature range within which most
microbes can grow well
A) -10°C to 25°C
b) 25°C to 38°C
c) 38°C to 100°C
d) Above 100°C
Answer: 25°C to 38°C
15.) There are ______ types of microbes
A) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
Answer: Four
16.) Which type of microbe is considered a part of
the Monera group
A) Bacteria

b) Fungi
c) Algae
d) Protozoa
Answer: Bacteria
17.) In which type of microscope can viruses be
observed
a) Compound microscope
b) Electron microscope
c) Light microscope
d) Fluorescence microscope
Answer: Electron microscope
18.) One of the following statements is true about
the cell wall of bacteria
A) It is similar to the cell wall of plants
b) It is absent in bacteria
c) It is structurally complex
d) It is not similar to the cell wall of plants
Answer: It is not similar to the cell wall of plants
19.) It is the genetic material present in bacteria
a) True nucleus
b) Spiral DNA
c) Membrane-bound cell organelles
d) Membraneless cell organelles
Answer: Spiral DNA
20.) These are the organelles which are absent in
bacteria
a) Mitochondria, lysosome, plastid
b) Nucleus, ribosome, plastid
c) Ribosome, lysosome, mitochondria
d) Nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria
Answer: Mitochondria, lysosome, plastid
21.) Who first proved the existence of bacteria?
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Antony von Leeuwenhoek
c) Robert Koch
d) Ehrenberg
Answer: Antony von Leeuwenhoek
22.) He was the first to discover the vaccine for
hydrophobia
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Antony von Leeuwenhoek
c) Robert Koch
d) Ehrenberg
Answer: Louis Pasteur
23.) What are the locomotory structures of
protozoa c
a) Pseudopodia, whiplash flagella, or hair-like cilia
b) Cell wall, nucleus, and other organelles
c) Hyphae and mycelium
d) Chloroplasts for food synthesis
Answer: Pseudopodia, whiplash flagella, or hair-
like cilia
24.) _____ is the main constituent of the cell wall in
fungi
a) Chitin
b) Cellulose
c) Chloroplasts
d) Nucleus
Answer: Chitin
25.) Identify the microorganisms which can survive
in the absence of sunlight
A) Protozoa
b) Fungi
c) Algae
d) Bacteria
Answer: fungi

26.) What do algae contain that allows them to

synthesize their own food?
a) Nucleus and other organelles
b) Cell wall and hyphae
c) Chloroplasts
d) Pseudopodia and cilia
Answer: Chloroplasts
27.) The meaning of the term “virus” in Latin is
a) Acellular
b) Poison
c) Disease-causing agent
d) Parasite
Answer: Poison
28.) How do viruses behave when they enter the
body of a host
a) They behave as inert particles
b) They behave as living beings
c) They multiply rapidly
d) They cause immediate death
Answer: They behave as living beings
29.) Identify the diseases that are caused by
viruses
a) Tuberculosis, Cholera, Typhoid
b) Influenza, Pox, Mumps
c) Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Malaria
d) Ringworm, Dermatomycosis, Allergy
Answer: Influenza, Pox, Mumps
30.) The microbes can enter the human body
a) Through drinking water, coughing and sneezing,
food, blood, carriers/vectors, and other agents
b) Through eating contaminated food only
c) Through airborne transmission only
d) Through direct contact with infected individuals

Answer: Through drinking water, coughing and

sneezing, food, blood, carriers/vectors, and other
agents
31.) _____ is the interrelationship called when
microbes depend on a host for food and shelter
A) Mutualism
b) Parasitism
c) Symbiosis
d) Commensalism
Answer: Parasitism
32.) Doctors prescribe vitamin B complex along
with antibiotics so
A) To kill harmful bacteria
b) To enhance the immune system
c) To prevent vitamin deficiencies caused by
antibiotic treatment
d) To improve digestion
Answer: To prevent vitamin deficiencies caused by
antibiotic treatment
33.) This type of bacteria live in the root nodules of
leguminous plants and provide nitrogenous
compounds
A) Rhizobium
b) E.coli
c) Lactobacillus
d) Streptococcus
Answer: Rhizobium
34.) What is the association between algae and
fungi called?
a) Symbiosis
b) Mutualism
c) Commensalism
d) Lichen
Answer: Symbiosis
35.) In symbiotic associations such as Rhizobium
bacteria and leguminous plants,how do the
organisms benefit each other
A) The bacteria harm the plants for their own
benefit.
b) The bacteria provide food for the plants.
c) The plants supply vitamins to the bacteria.
d) Both the bacteria and plants benefit from the
association.
Answer: Both the bacteria and plants benefit from
the association.
36.) It is the process by which microbes
decompose organic matter into simpler forms with
the help of enzymes
A) Photosynthesis
b) Nitrogen fixation
c) Saprophytism
d) Symbiosis
Answer: Saprophytism
37.) Atmospheric nitrogen is converted to usable
nitrogen in the soil
A) Through the process of photosynthesis
b) Through the action of free-living bacteria
c) Through symbiotic association with plants
d) Through the process of nitrogen fixation
Answer: Through the process of nitrogen fixation
38.) Name the microbes that can fix atmospheric
nitrogen directly in their bodies
A) Clostridium and Azotobacter
b) Cyanobacteria and fungi
c) Rhizobium and Mycorrhizae
d) Algae and protozoa
Answer: Clostridium and Azotobacter
39.) What is the role of symbiotic bacteria living in
the nodules of leguminous plants
A) They release nitrogen compounds into the soil.
b) They fix atmospheric nitrogen and supply
nitrogenous compounds to the plants.
c) They convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate.
d) They decompose the nodules and mix nitrogen
with the soil.
Answer: They fix atmospheric nitrogen and supply
nitrogenous compounds to the plants.
40.) What happens to the nitrogenous compounds
released by microbes in the soil
A) They are absorbed by plants for growth and
development.
b) They are converted into atmospheric nitrogen.
c) They are destroyed by other microbes.
d) They are released into the air as a waste
product.
Answer: They are absorbed by plants for growth
and development.
41.) _____ is the process by which nitrogenous
compounds in dead plants and animals are
converted into ammonia
A) Ammonification
b) Nitrification
c) Nitrogen fixation
d) Decomposition
Answer: ammonification
42.) Jute fibers are separated easily from the jute
stem
a) By the process of fermentation
b) By the action of pectinase-producing bacteria
c) By exposure to sunlight
d) By adding vinegar
Answer: By the action of pectinase-producing
bacteria
43.) _____ is responsible for curd formation by
modifying lactose into lactic acid
a) Lactobacillus
b) Yeast
c) Nitrobacter
d) Clostridium
Answer: Lactobacillus
44.) It is the process of treating milk to kill harmful
bacteria and increase its shelf life called
A) Fermentation

b) Salting
c) Pasteurization
d) Refrigeration
Answer: Pasteurization
45.) It’s the organic compounds produced by
certain bacteria and fungi that hinder the growth of
other bacteria or kill them
A) Antigens
b) Antibiotics
c) Antibodies
d) Agar Plates
Answer: Antibiotics
46.) Who discovered the first antibiotic, Penicillin
a) Alexander Flemming
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Robert Koch
d) Edward Jenner
Answer: Alexander Flemming
47.) Antibiotics are effective against which of the
following microbes
a) Bacteria and viruses
b) Fungi and viruses
c) Bacteria and fungi
d) Viruses only
Answer: Bacteria and fungi
48.)_____ are the compounds produced in our body
to destroy antigens
A) Antibiotics
b) Antigens
c) Antibodies
d) Antivirals
Answer: Antibodies
49.) ______ is the process called when dead or weak
microbes or weakly toxic substances are injected
in our body
A) Immunisation

b) Antibiotic treatment
c) Vaccination
d) Antibody synthesis
Answer: Vaccination
50.) Only ____ are used to degrade human or animal
waste to produce methane gas
A) Algae
b) Bacteria
c) Viruses
d) Fungi
Answer: Bacteria

Q.(1) short answer questions

(1) Define microbes ?
→Many living organisms scattered around us and
cannot seen with naked eyes called as microbes.
(2) How much amount of mass of total organism
are of microbes ?
→Total 60% of living organisms are microbes.
(3) What are the types of microbes ?
→
 Bacteria
 Protozoa
 Fungi
 Algae
(4) What is the shape of bacteria ?
→Comma , rod , spiral or rounded shaped .
(5) Who use the term bacteria first ?
→Ehrenberg used the term bacteria first in 1828.
(6) Define protozoa ?
→Unicellular having one or more cells containing
organism called as protozoa.
(7) Which structures of protozoa helps to
locomotion ?
→Pseudopodia or hair like cilia .
(8) What are hyphae ?
→Thin filament structures of yeast called as
hyphae.
(9) The cell wall of fungi composed of ____ .
→The cell wall of fungi composed of Chitin.
(10) Name the microbe which prepare their own
food ?
→Algae
(11) How algae prepare their food ?
→Algae having chloroplast in the cell. Hence with
the help of sunlight and chloroplast they can
prepare their own food.
(12) Write about the structure of viruses ?

→Virus is having DNA and RNA surrounded by

protein coat.
(13) Name two bacterial disease ?
→
 Tuberculosis
 Cholera
 Diarrhea
(14) Name two viral disease?
→
 Influenza
 Dengue
(15) Name two protozoal disease?
→
 Malaria
 Kala-azar
 Amoebiasis
(16) Name two fungal disease ?
→
 Dermatomycosis
  Ringworm
 Some forms of allergy
(17) Which disease spreads through blood ?

→ AIDS
(18) Which disease spreads through contaminated
food ?
→Diarrhea
(19) Which disease spreads through insects ?
→Dengue , malaria
(20) What do you mean by lichen ?
→Symbiotic association between algae and fungi
called as lichen in which fungus shares water and
minerals to the algae and algae prepare the food
for itself and shares with partner.
(21) What is immunity ?
→Type of natural power to fight against all the
infectious agents called as immunity.
(22) What is vaccination ?
→Defense mechanism is activated in individual
against any infectious diseases in advance called
as vaccination.
(23) Which antibiotic extracted from the fungus
first ?
→Penicillin
(24) The antibiotic penicillin was extracted from
which fungus ?
→The fungus named penicillium notatum.
(25) Who discovered penicillin first ?
→In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.
(26) What are the antibiotics ?
→Some lifesaving drugs which are organic
compounds prepared from some bacteria and
fungus to kill the other bacteria and fungus called
as antibiotics.
(27) Write the preservation techniques of food ?
→
 Fruits can be preserved by adding sugar
 By adding salt
(28) Write two forms of processed food ?
→
 Curd
 Idle
 Cheese
(29) What is nitrification ?
→Ammonia is converted into nitrate and nitrite by
nitrifying bacteria called as nitrification.
(30) What is ammonification ?
→ After the death of plants and animals’
nitrogenous compounds converted into ammonia
this process is called as ammonification.
Also See: Previous Chapter Human Food and Food
Products Question Answer
Updated: May 29, 2023 — 3:52 pm
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