Syllabus for One -Year MBA Program

Effective for Session 2021-2022

Subject: Accounting

1
 MBA Syllabus
Affiliated 7 Colleges of Dhaka University
Syllabus for One -Year MBA Program
Effective for Session 2021-2022
Subject: Accounting

Course/Paper Code Course/Paper Title Credits

Foundation/ Waived Courses
Acc. 255001 Principles of Accounting 4
Acc. 255002 Principles of Finance 4
Acc. 255003 Principles of Management 4
Sub-total 12
Core Courses
Acc. 256001 Applied Accounting Theory (In English) 4
Acc. 256002 Advanced Cost Accounting 4
Acc. 256003 Strategic Management Accounting 4
Acc. 256004 Strategic Management 4
Acc. 256005 Corporate Governance (In English) 4
Acc. 256006 Corporate Financial Reporting 4
Acc. 256007 Corporate Tax Planning (In English) 4
Sub-total 28
Viva-Voce and Project Paper / Internship Report
Acc. 256011 Viva-Voce 4
Acc. 256012 Project Paper or Internship Report 4
Report 2 Cr. (50%)
Defense 2 Cr. (50%)
Sub-total 8
Total 48

N. B. (i) The Course Structure comprises 48 credits including 7 courses of 4 credits each, Viva-voce 4
credits and Project paper or Internship 4 credits (2 credits for report preparation/internship and 2
credits for defense/presentation).
(ii) Exemption/waiver of 12 credits would be allowed on Foundation Courses for BBA graduates
comprising 3 courses of 4 credits each.
(iii) Final examination will be 4 (four) hours for answers of 5 (five) questions out of 8 (eight).
(iv) Passing CGPA is 2.50 on a scale of 4.00.
(v) Marks distribution of each course is as follows:

Class attendance 05
Assignment, class presentation and class participation 05
Mid-Term (I hour) 10
Final Examination (4 hours) 80
Total 100

2
Foundation/ Waived Courses:
Acc. 255001: Principles of Accounting
Course Objectives:
This course is designed:
(i) to develop students' understanding of basic concepts of accounting, accounting process, and the
application of the conceptual framework in such process.
(ii) to develop their abilities to complete the accounting cycle ending with preparation and presentation of
financial statements.
(iii) to equip the students with the knowledge and ability to understand and analyse the information
communicated through the Financial Statements.
1. Accounting - The Language of Business: Definition and Scope of Accounting, Its role and
Functions, History of Accounting, Purpose and Nature of Accounting Information; Users of
Accounting Information; Branches of Accounting- Nature of Business and Accounting.
2. Conceptual Framework for Financial Accounting: FASB Conceptual Frame for Financial
Accounting-First Level: Basic Objectives (SFAC-1); Second Level: Qualitative
Characteristics of Accounting Information (SFAC-2); Third Level: Operational Guidelines.
3. The Accounting Process: Double-Entry Accounting System (vis-à-vis Incomplete System;
Accounting Equation - Effects of Transactions on the Accounting Equation; The Account-
Classification of Accounts, Selection of Account titles, Chart of Accounts, Coding-Rules of
Debit and Credit, Balancing and Normal Balance, Recording (Bookkeeping) Aspect of
Accounting Cycle.
4. Preparation of Voucher: Documentary Evidence and Identification, Analysis, and
Recording of Transactions and Other Events; Journalizing-Posting to the Ledger; Preparation
of Trial Balance; Limitations of Trial Balance; Errors and their Rectification.
5. The Adjustment Process and Completing the Accounting Process: Key aspects of the
Accrual basis of accounting; Adjustments- Adjusted Trial Balance; Preparation of Work
Sheet; Closing Entries; Post-Closing Trial Balance; Special Journal Entries – Adjusting,
Closing, Opening, Transferring, Rectifying Entries; Reversing Entries.
6. Preparation of Financial Statements: Different Types of Financial Statements used for
Financial Reporting.
(a) Income Statement / Statement of Comprehensive Income, Preparation of Comprehensive
Income Statement: Single-step and Multiple-step Income Statement, Common size and
Comparative Income Statements.
(b) Balance Sheet / Statement of Financial Position; Common size & Comparative forms, etc.
(c) Owners’ Equity Statement.
(d) Statement of Cash Flows.
(e) Notes to Accounts and Accounting Policies.
7. Merchandising Operations and Accounting system: Merchandising Operations and
Classifying Inventory; Purchases, Sales, Other Use or Loss and Returns of Merchandise
Inventory; Periodic and Perpetual Inventory Systems and Journal Entries; Preparation of
Multiple-Step Income Statement and Classified Balance Sheet for Merchandising
Organizations.
8. Accounting Systems and Special Ledgers: Manual and Computerized Accounting Systems
and their effectiveness; The Voucher System-General Ledgers and Subsidiary Ledgers:
General Ledger Control Accounts and Subsidiary Ledger Individual Accounts; Special

3
Journals: Advantages of Special Journals, Cash Receipts Journal, Sales Journals, Purchase
Journal, Cash Payments Journal and General Journal.
9. Accounting for Incomplete Records: Preparation of Financial Statements from Incomplete
Records.
10. Accounting for current liabilities:
Account Payable; Notes Payable; Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt; Short-Term
Obligation Expected to be Refinanced; Dividends Payable; Customer Advances and
Deposits; Unearned Revenues; Sales and Value-Added Taxes Payable; Employee-Related
Liabilities.
11. Basic Ideas on Financial Statement Analysis:
Analysis helps to develop accurate information, Ratio analysis – Basic Group of Ratios:
Liquidity, Activity, Profitability and Solvency; Cash-flows analysis, Horizontal analysis and
vertical analysis of comparative financial statements; Preparation and use of common-size
financial statements.
Recommended Text Books:
1. Jerry J. Weygandt, Paul D. Kimmel and Donald E. Kieso. Financial Accounting, IFRS Edition
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).
2. Donald E. Kieso, Jerry J. Weygandt, and Terry D. Warfield. Intermediate Accounting, IFRS
Edition (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).
3. Belverd E. Needles, Marian Powers and Susan V. Crosson. Principles of Accounting (Houghton
Mifflin Company).
4. Prof. Shanti Narayan Ghosh et al. Principles of Accounting, Nadi Publications, Dhaka,
Bangladesh.
5. Dipak Kumar Biswas. Principles of Accounting, Millennium Publications, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Acc. 255002: Principles of Finance

Course Objectives:
This course is designed:
(i) to provide students with a sound theoretical knowledge on principles and practices of business
finance.
(ii) to teach students the techniques of use of finance.

1. Introduction:
Goals and Functions of Business Finance; The Financial Manager; Objectives of Finance; The
Financial Strategy Process; Impact of Financial Markets and Other External Factors on a Business’s
Financial Strategy; Functions of Business Finance; Functions of the financial officers; Goal of
Finance: Profit Maximization vs. Shareholders’ Wealth maximization; Ethics in Business Finance;
The Agency Problems.
2. Financial Environment:
Markets and Institutions: The Financial Markets, Types of Markets: Primary Markets vs. Secondary
Markets; Financial Institutions; The Stock Market; Fiscal Environment; Corporate Taxation;
Government Investment Policy.
3. Concepts in Valuation:
Time Value of Money; Time Lines; Future Value and Compounding; Present Value and Discounting;
Opportunity Cost Rate; Fair/Equilibrium Value; Net Present Value (NPV); Future and Present Values

4
of an Annuity; Perpetuities—Amortized Loan and Amortization Schedule; Market Value, Economic
Value, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of an Investment.
4. Concepts of Return and Risk:
Uncertainty, Risk and Return; Risk-free and Risk-adjusted Return; Bond Returns; Return from a
Stock Investment; Types of Risks: Business Risk and Financial Risk, Total Risk and Specific Risk,
Diversifiable Risk and Systematic Risk, Single-Asset Risk and Portfolio Risk; Risk Measurement:
Variance, Standard Deviation and Coefficient of Variation.
5. Introduction to Security Valuation:
Valuation of Bond and Debenture; Valuation of Preferred Stock; Valuation of Common Stock.
6. Cost of Capital:
Concepts of Cost; Comparison; Costs of Different Financing sources; Cost of Debt; Cost of
Irredeemable Debentures; Cost of Redeemable Debentures; Cost of Bank Loans and Overdrafts; Cost
of Preferred Stock; Cost of Common Equity; Cost of Retained Earnings; CAPM Approach; Bond:
Yield-plus-Risk - Premium Approach, Dividend-Yield-plus-Growth-Rate; Discounted Cash Flow
(DCF) Approach; Cost of Newly Issued Common Stock or External Equity; Weighted Average Cost
of Capital (WACC); Rationale for WACC; Marginal Cost of Capital (MCC); MCC Schedule, Break
Points; Factors affecting the Cost of Capital, Different Uses of Cost of Capital. Capital Structure and
its Costs.
7. Financing Decision - Sources of Financing and Instruments Used Therein:
Short-term Financing; Intermediate-term Financing; Long-term Financing; Factors affecting a
Company’s Choice of Finance; Concepts of Warranties, Covenants, Guarantees; Financing Problems
of Small Firms.
8. Investment Decision – Considerable Factors and Methods:
Considerable Factors in investment decision or Capital Budgeting; Ways of evaluating investment
proposal or Project Appraisal, Methods used for Capital Budgeting, etc.
9. Dividend Decision – Considerable Factors and Methods:
Considerable Factors in Dividend Decision or Redistribution Decision; Ways of Dividend Payment,
Payout or Retention ratios, etc.
10. Financial institutions:
Commercial, Special and Development Financial Institutions: Indigenous and Global, Perspectives,
Functions and Performances of financial institutions in Bangladesh and in the world. Evaluation of
Performances of IBRD (World Bank), ADB. AIDB, IDB, I-ADB, BRICKS, etc.
Recommended Text Books:
1. J. F. Weston and E. F. Brigham. Essentials of Managerial Finance (Thomson South-Western).
2. Eugene F. Brigham and Joel F. Houston. Fundamentals of Financial Management (Thomson South-
Western Inc.).
3. James Van Horne and John M. Wachowicz, Jr. Fundamentals of Financial Management (Prentice
Hall Inc.).
4. Prof. Nipul Kanti Bala et al. Principles of Finance, Nadi Publications, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
5. Prof. Md. Nazim Uddin Bhuiyan & Prof. Shabbir Ahmad. Principles of Finance (NaSyPeC
Publications).

5
Acc. 255003: Principles of Management
Course Objective(s): This course is designed:
(i) to provide basic understanding of different forms of business, industry and service.
(ii) to give the students a basic understanding of the role and functions of; and principles,
concepts and techniques used by managers,
(iii) to acquaint students with the complexity and wide verity of issues managers face in
day to day business operations.
1. Introduction to Management: Meaning; Scope; Importance; History of Management,
Principles; Rules of Management; Is Management Science or Art? Is Management a
Profession? Management vs. Administration, Areas of Management, Functions of
Management: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading, Motivating and Controlling;
Management as a Career; Global Management.
2. Schools of Management: History of Management; Early Contributions to Management;
Various Approaches to Management: Taylor’s Scientific Management; Functional or Process
Approach; Fayol’s Principles of Management; Human Relations; Behavioral Science
Approach; Quantitative Approach; Systems Approach; Contingency Approach; Other
Contemporary Approaches to Management.
3. Planning: Meaning; Importance; Nature; Types; Steps; Factors Affecting Planning;
Planning Techniques; Limits of Planning; Making Planning Effective.
4. Organizing: Meaning; Nature; Importance; Span of Management; Departmentation,
Authority and Responsibility; Types of Organization at Structure; Delegation of Authority;
Departmentalization of Authority; Problems in Organizing.
5. Staffing: Meaning; Purpose; Importance; Recruitment; Selection; Training; Promotion;
Developing Managers; Using Manager Inventory Chart.
6. Leading: Meaning; Importance; Ingredients of Leadership; Styles of Leadership;
Autocratic; Democratic and Free-Reign-Likers’ System; Managerial Grid Approach;
Theories of Leadership.
7. Motivating: Meaning; Motivation and Motivator; Importance; The Need-want-satisfaction-
Chain; Theory of Motivation; McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y; Maslow’s Need
Hierarchy Theory; Herzberg’s Two Factors Theory; Vroom’s Expectancy Theory;
McClelland’s Achievement; Motivation Theory; Various Motivation Techniques.
8. Controlling: Meaning, Nature; Importance; Controlling process; Requirements of an
Effective Control System; Controlling Techniques.
9. Specialized Areas of Management: Personnel or Human Resource Management (HRM),
Strategic and International Management (SIM), Small Business (SBM), Project Management,
Marketing Management, Financial Management, etc.
10. Management in Bangladesh: Private and Public Sectors’ Managements, Efficiencies and
Electiveness’, Public Corporations’ Management, etc.
Recommended Text Books:
1. Jeff Madura. Introduction to Business (South-Western College Publishing).
2. W. M. Pride, J. R. Hughes and R. J. Kapoor. Foundation of Business (South-Western College Publishing).
3. L. E. Boone and D. L. Kurtz. Contemporary Business (John Wiley and Sons).

6
4. Harold Koontz and Heinz: Management A global perspective.
5. W. Ricky Griffin: Management (Houghton Mifflin Company).
6. Richard L. Daft. Management (Thomson South Western).

Core Courses:
Acc. 256001: Applied Accounting Theory (In English)
Course Description and Learning Outcomes:
This course is designed putting the focus on application of accounting theory. This course
covers the evolution of accounting thought, structure of accounting theory, accounting
postulates, concepts and principles, income, revenues, expenses, gain and losses, assets and
liabilities valuation and many more. As a special issue, focus is also given in the areas of
segment reporting, social reporting and human resource reporting. Upon completion of the
course, students will be able to apply theoretical knowledge of accounting concepts,
principles and theories to financial reporting issues.

1. History and Evolution of Accounting Thoughts: Early History of Accounting – Origin and
Growth of Accounting Knowledge and the Double Entry System – Industrial Revolution and
Development of Accounting – Accounting in 21st Century – Accounting & Accountability.
2. An Overview of Developments of Accounting Theory:
(i) Accounting Theories: Structural (syntactical), Interpretative (semantic), Behavioural
(pragmatic).
(ii) Approaches to Accounting Theory: The process of Theory Construction - Traditional,
Deductive & Inductive Approaches- Economic & Elective Approach-Modern Approach:
Event Approach-Decision Model Approach-Behavioural, Elective Approach-Predictive
Approach-Human Information Processing–Information Economics Approach.
(iii) Foundation of Accounting Theories: Decision Theory-Proprietary Theory-Entity Theory-
Measurement Theory-Enterprise Theory-Information Theory.
3. Review of Conceptual Framework of Accounting - Accounting Postulates, Concepts and
Principles: Postulates - Independent Entity– Going Concern – Money Measurement –
Accounting Period; Principles – Cost – Dual-Aspects – Matching – Consistency – Full
Disclosure & Materiality – Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
4. Income Concepts: Different Concepts of Income Measurement – Accounting Income –
Economic Income – Capital Maintenance Income – Financial Capital Maintenance – Physical
Capital Maintenance – Operating and Non-Operating Income – Comprehensive Income.
5. Revenue, Expenses, Gain and Losses: Revenues – Revenue Recognition Criteria –
Measurement of Revenue – Scope and Measurement of Expenses – Recognition and
Measurement of Gain and Losses.
6. Valuation of Business, Goodwill & Shares: Necessities and Process of Valuation –
Valuation of Fixed Assets and Current Assets – Valuation of Intangible Assets – Fair Value
Measurement.
7. Liabilities and Equities: Current Liabilities – Non-current Liabilities – Contingent
Liabilities - Valuation of Liabilities – Nature of Ownership – Theories of Equity.
8. Financial Reporting: Objectives – Development of Financial Reporting – Benefits –
General Purpose Financial Reporting – Qualities of Financial Information.
9. Segment Reporting and Social Reporting: Need for Segment Reporting – Advantages and
Problems of Segment Reporting - Need for Social Reporting – Social Disclosures in Annual
Report.

7
10. Human Resources Accounting (HRA): Meaning of HRA – Uses & Objective of HRA
Important Factors in Developing HRA – Valuation of HR- Recording and Measurement of
Human Resources.
11. An Overview of Standards on Accounting: International Accounting Standards (IASs);
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs); International Standards on Auditing
(ISAs); International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs); Standards on Cost
Standards; etc. International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions ((IntOSAI);
Information System Auditing, etc.
12. National Income Accounting: Social Accounting or National Income Accounting -
Methods used, etc.
13. Emerging Issues in Accounting (HRA): Forensic Accounting, Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) Accounting, Environmental Accounting & Reporting, Carbon
Accounting, Intellectual Capital Reporting, Intellectual Properties Accounting, etc.

Recommended Books:
01. Richard G. Schroeder and Myrtle W. Clark. Accounting Theory: Text and Readings, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.: NY, 1994.
02. Ahmed Riahi Belkaoui. Accounting Theory (Harcourt).
03. C. Deegan. Financial Accounting Theory (McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd.).
04. J. Godfrey, A. Hodgson, A. Tarca, J. Hamilton and S. Holmes. Accounting Theory (John
Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.).
05. Eldon S. Hendriksen, Accounting Theory, Richard D. Irwin, 1984.

Acc. 256002: Advanced Cost Accounting

1. Cost Estimation and Regression Analysis: Cost Estimation Approaches, Engineering studies-
Account Classification –Regression Analysis for Cost Estimation -Regression Equation –Multiple
Regression –Planning for Regression Analysis of Business Data. (Kaplan & Rayburn).

2. Overview of Cost Allocation: The terminology for Cost Allocation-Purposes of Cost Allocation-
Criteria to guide Cost Allocation Decision-Allocation of costs from one department to another
department-Allocating costs of service department and common costs. Cost pool-Single pool vs. Dual
pool, Choosing cost application bases-Contribution to Cost Allocation-Cost justification and
reimbursement.

3. Overview of Direct and Absorption Costing: Definition & distinctions-Impact of changes in

Manufacturing Environment-Comparison of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing-Advantage of
Variable Costing - Dangers of Variable costing-Variable costing for External Reporting –Role of
various denominator levels in Absorption costing-Characteristics of Capacity-Measurement of
Capacity-Inventory and Income effects, Adjusting inventories for External reporting.

4. Overview of Joint Products and By Products: Definition of Joint Products and By Products-
Comparison with Scrap-Common Costs and Joint costs - Joint Cost allocation - Split-off point and
Separable cost –Irrelevance of Joint costs for Decision making-Assignment of costs to joint products-
Accounting for By Products-Assigning Inventory value to By-Products produced, Income from By-
products sold –Journal entries for By products.

5. Overview of Operation Costing and Backflush Costing: Overviews of Operation Costing-Journal

entries for Operation Costing System-Operation Costing and Activity-based-costing (ABC) -
Backhflush Costing- Definition and different versions of Backflush Costing-Journal entries for
Backflush Costing.

8
6. Cost Management: Life Cycle Costing, Target Cost – Strategic Perspective, Tear Down Analysis,
Value Engineering, Kaizen Costing, Activity Based Management (ABM), Traditional vs. ABM
Analysis, Business Process Re-engineering, Cost Management and Volume Chain, JIT and
Management Accounting, Strategic Management Accounting.

7. Inventory Management Systems: Necessity of inventory maintenance-Inventory Profits and its

position - Economies of Scale – Inventory-holding costs, Determination of Reorder level, Economic
Order Quantity (EOQ) - Material Requirement Planning (MRP)- Inventory Maintenance vs. Just-in-
time (JIT) Inventory Policy-Automation of Environment-Impact of Not Automating –Gains from
improved manufacturing performance. Cost Accounting for Tomorrow’s Factory: Optimizing
Production Technology (OPT) - Flexible Manufacturing Systems – Pull/Push System – Change in
Performance Evaluation-Changing Methods of Reporting Cost Information.

8. Executive Contracts and Bonus Plan: Incentive Compensation & the Principal Agent relationship,
Role of Bonus & Incentive Contracts, Types of Incentives, Monetary Compensation Plans; Evaluation
of Accounting–based Incentive-compensation Scheme, Case Discussion, (Kaplan).

9. Operations Management and the Cost Accountant: Linear Programming (LP) Model-LP
requirements-Lack of Constraints-Effects of Constraints-Substitution of Scarce resources-Solution
Methods, Implications of LP for Managers and Accountants (Rayburn).

10. The Budgeting Process and Responsibility Accounting

a) Stages in Planning Process - Multiple Functions of Budget, Sales Budget, Annual Production
Budget, Direct Material Purchase Budget, Factory Overhead Budget, Selling and
Administrative Budget, Master Budget.
b) Activity Based Budgeting - Cash Budgets, Stages in Activity Based Budgeting, Zero-Based
Budgeting.

11. Measuring and Evaluating Segment Performance: Conceptual framework: Use of Responsibility
Accounting concept – Divisionalization vs. Decentralization – Advantages and Disadvantages of
Decentralization – Definition of Segments – Contribution Reporting & Break-even Analysis;
Measures of Performance; Segment margin; Income – Return on Investment (ROI); Residual Income
(RI); Economic Value Addition (EVA); Problems of measurement – Investment in Assets-Liabilities-
Fixed Assets-Improving ROI; Limitations of ROI; ROI & RI compared; Evaluation of Residual
Income & Other measures, Segment's contribution analysis; Evaluating only short-time results;
Multiple performance measures.

12. Quality Costing: Measurement & Control: Measuring the Cost of Quality – Reporting Cost of
Quality – Using Quality Cost Information – Controlling Quality Costs.
13. Transfer Pricing: Transfer pricing in evaluating divisional performance, Alternative Pricing
Methods, Transfer pricing methods as per IT Ordinance, 1984, Resolving Pricing Methods,
International Pricing Methods, Behavioral implications of transfer pricing.

Recommended Books:

1. Horngren, C. T., G. Foster and S. M. Datar. Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis. New
Delhi. Prentice-Hall, India Ltd.
2. Hansen, D. R. and M. M. Mowen. Cost Management: Accounting and Control. Mason, OH: South-
Western Publishing Company, USA.
3. R. H. Garrison and E. W. Noreen. Managerial Accounting (Irwin).

9
4. Kaplan, R. S. and A. A. Atkinson. Advanced Management Accounting. 4 th Edition. Delhi. Pearson
Education Asia.
5. Rayburn, L. G. Principles of Cost Accounting. Irwin. USA.

Acc. 256003: Strategic Management Accounting

1. Perspective of Strategic Management Accounting: Historical evolution of Management

Accounting & Strategic Management Accounting-Difference between Management
Accounting and Strategic Management Accounting –Necessity of Management Accounting
Information-The relationship among Financial Accounting, Cost Accounting, Cost
Management and Strategic Cost Management-Theoretical perspectives of Strategic
Management Accounting.

2. Conceptual Issues in Strategic Management Accounting: Vision, Mission, Strategy, Goals,

Objectives, and Strategy Topology: Vision statement and mission statement-strategy-goals,
strategic decisions-strategic business unit-types of strategy-environmental uncertainty–
Strategy and Environment-Management Control–Strategic Planning, Program planning-
economy, efficiency, & effectiveness-competitive strategy & costing systems.

3. Activity Based Costing (ABC) and Activity Based Management (ABM): ABC
Classification of organizational activities for an ABC System-Traditional Cost Systems vs.
ABC system–Limitations of ABC- Features of Activity Based Management. Customer
Profitability Analysis / Customer Analysis (CPA / CA) and ABM-Implementation of CPA.

4. Strategic Cost Management: Lean production-JIT production and ABC Target Costing,
Kaizen costing and Product Life Cycle Costing (PLC), -Product Development-Value
Engineering Analysis-Quality Function Deployment.

5. Quality Costing, Total Quality Management and Management Accounting Systems:

Dimensions of Quality-Quality Costs-Hidden quality costs-Cost of dissatisfied customer-
Taguchi Loss Function-TQM Benchmarking.

6. Accounting for Value Chain Analysis (VCA): Value Chain Concept-Value Added
Analysis and Value Chain Analysis-Porter’s value chain framework- Management
accounting system in the value chain framework.

7. Responsibility Accounting: Decentralization, Theoretical perspective of Responsibility

Center, including Investment Center, Cost Centre, Profit Centre, etc. and Segment Reporting-
Key financial measures like ROI, RI, EVA, MVA; Transfer Pricing – Methods & Uses.

8. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) & Measuring Non-Financial Performance: Importance of non-

financial performance measurement -Key non-financial performance measures-building a
strategic performance measurement system -Balanced Scorecard and its evolution -Linking
BSC with the strategy of the organization -Arguments for Balanced Scorecard adoption –
Linking BSC with Knowledge Management.

Recommended Books:

10
1. Kaplan, R. S. and A. A. Atkinson. Advanced Management Accounting, Latest Edition.
Delhi. Pearson Education Asia.
2. Smith, M. Strategic Management Accounting: Issues and Cases, NSW: Butterworth
Publications.
3. Hoque, Z. 2001. Strategic Management Accounting: Concepts, Processes, and Issues. 2nd
Edition. Rollinsford. NH: Spiro Press.
Acc. 256004: Strategic Management

1. Strategic Management: Definition, benefits and limitations of Strategic Management.

Guidelines for Strategic Management.

2. Key Terms in Strategic Management: Different Concepts; Strategy, Competitive

management, Vision and mission statements, Contents of vision and mission statements,
Importance of mission statement, SWOT analysis, Objectives-long term and short-term,
policies.

3. Strategic Management Process/Model: Strategic Management Process, Models of Strategic

Management.

4. The External Environment: Remote environment, industry environment, Competitive

forces shaping strategy, Operating environment.

5. Internal Environment Analysis: Efficiencies of company’s present working strategy,

Approaches to determine the health of the company -Use of SWOT analysis -Functional
analysis -Value chain analysis (VCA).

6. Formulating Strategy: Long-term objectives-types of strategies-means for achieving

strategies-first mover advantage-outsourcing.

7. Choice of Strategy: SWOT Matrix-Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix, Industry

Attractiveness-Business strength matrix-Grand strategy selection matrix.

8. Implementing Strategy: Short-term objectives- action plan-functional tactics that

implement business strategies-role of policies in strategy implementation.

9. Strategy Evaluation: Meaning, nature and characteristics -Components of an effective

evaluation system -Strategy evaluation framework.

10. Strategic Management Cases: Necessity of Case analysis, -Strategic Management cases, -
Preparing a case for class discussion, -Preparing written case analysis, -Steps in preparing a
comprehensive written analysis, -making an oral presentation.

Recommended Books:

1. Strategic Management Accounting: David, F. 2006. Strategic Management: Concepts and

Cases. 11th Edition. New York, NY: Prentice-Hall.

11
Acc. 256005: Corporate Governance (In English)
1. Corporate Governance (CG) - Frameworks and Mechanisms: Definition of CG;
Governance, Management and Administration, Governance and Good Governance,
Importance of CG; Theoretical Frameworks of CG: Agency Dilemma, Agency Theory &
Agency Costs,, Stewardship Theory, Transaction Cost Economics, Stakeholder Theory,
Resource Dependence Theory, Theory of Managerial Hegemony; CG Systems: Insider
System, Outsider System; CG Elements: Internal Mechanisms, External Mechanisms;
Governance as Partnership of Investors, Company's Management & Directors; Regulatory
Framework of CG; Legislation, Regulation and CG Codes; OECD & Countries' Codes.

2. Agency Relationship and Agency Problems: Agency Theory & Agent's Conflict of
Interests, Agency Relation in Joint Stock Company, Management and Corporate Governance,
Self-interests, Moral Hazard, Adverse Selection, Executive Remuneration, Insider Dealings,
Corporate Giving, Related-party Transactions.
3. Models of Corporate Governance: Cultural Effects on CG; Different Models of CG – US,
UK/CW, Continental EU, Japanese, Other Asian Models, CG - Convergence or
Differentiation.

4. Social Responsibility of Corporations: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR); &

Sustainability – Strategies & Polices, Enlightened Shareholder Value (ESV), UN Global
Reporting Initiative, etc.

5. Governance of Listed & Non-listed Corporations: Governance of Listed Companies –

Dual-listed Companies, Listed on Alternative Stock Markets, etc. Governance of Non-listed
Companies – Private Companies, Joint Ventures, NGOs, etc.

6. Board Formation for CG: Board of Directors (BoD): Size, Composition (Executive, Non-
Executive, and Independent Directors), Board Membership – Directors' Appointment, Roles
& Remuneration, Functions of the Board, Directors' Attributes & Competencies, Directors'
Duties, Rights, and Powers, Directors' Remuneration & Service Contracts, etc.

7. CG Practice Mechanism: Internal Mechanisms - Board Leadership; Splitting the Role of

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or Managing Director (MD); Board Activities,
Board Committees - Audit Committee, Nomination Committee, Remuneration Committee;
Training and Orientation of Board Members; Performance Evaluation of BoD; Board
Assessment & Effectiveness, Internal Control and Corporate Governance: Definition of
Internal Control, Constituents of a Sound System of Internal Control, Statement of Internal
Control; Assessing the Role of Internal Audit; Ownership Structure. External Mechanisms-
Monitoring by Block-holders and Analysts, External Auditors; Competition and Takeovers;
Regulation and Enforcement.

8. Control in Organization: Control Necessity in Organization, Contingency Theory of

Control, Incentive Schemes as a Control Mechanism, External Control, Corporate

12
Governance as a Control Mechanism, Marx and Weberian Sociology and Need for Control,
Human Diversity and Need for Control, Accountability and Control, Control System as a
Package. Ownership, Corporate Board, Non-executive Directors, Kinship, Model of
Independence, Proxy Contests, Major Corporate Governance Bodies, Changing Environment
and Corporate Governance Structure, Market Based Corporate Governance, Capital Structure
and Corporate Governance.
9. Recent Trend of CG: CG around the World in the Developed, Developing & Emerging
Economies, Future of CG.

10. Reforms of CG Patterns: ―Shareholder-Led‖ (―Principles-Based‖) or ―Regulator Led‖

(―Rules-Based‖) Approach to CG; Global Best Practices of CG: OECD Principles, SAFA
Best Practices, UNCTAD CG Disclosure Requirements; CG Reforms in Bangladesh;
Voluntary Code of Bangladesh Enterprise Institute (BEI); CG Guidelines of the BSEC:
Contents and Implementation Status of CG Guidelines.

11. CG in the Public Sector and SMEs: CG Model and Practices in the Public Sector in
Bangladesh; CG Guidelines for SMEs.

12. Manager's Performance Appraisal and Accountability: Manager's Performance Appraisal,

Responsibility Accounting, Standard Costing and Responsibility of Variances, MBO and
Accountability, Segment Performance and Responsibility, etc.

13. Corporate Ethics: Corporate Ethics vs. Corporate Responsibility; Ethical Norms; Ethical
Behaviour and Internal Governance Mechanisms; Ethical Leadership from BoD; Code of
Ethics; Promoting and Reinforcing Corporate Ethical Culture; Whistle Blowing Policies and
Procedures to Support Ethical Behaviour; Efforts for Ethical & Moral Development, Ethics
Audit.

14. Regulations of Corporations: Companies’ Act, Securities and Exchange Commission,

banking laws, insurance laws, monopolies and restricted trade practices, minimum wages,
copy rights, institutional shareholders’ guidelines, Cadbury report, Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
OECD guidelines on MNCs, UNCTAD, World Bank.

15. Corporate Governance in Other Sectors: Corporate private sector vs. public sector,
problem of ownership and incentives, state owned enterprises and incentive schemes, and
performance related pay, corporate reports vs. government reports, Secretary’s reports vs.
CEO’s reports, the role of independent outside experts, auditor’s independence, agency
system and accrual accounting, growth through depreciation, financial reporting and
disclosure. Governance of Public Sector Corporations in Bangladesh.

Books Recommended:

01. Thomas Clarke. 2017. International Corporate Governance: A Comparative Approach,

2nd Ed., Routledge, UK.
02. Erik Banks. 2004. Corporate Governance: Financial Responsibility, Controls and Ethics,
Palgrave Macmillan, UK..
03. Solomon, Jill & Eris Solomon. 2013. Corporate Governance & Accountability, 4th Ed.,
John Wiley & Sons, USA.
04. Koontz, H. & H. Weihrich. 2015. Essentials of Management, McGraw Hill Book, USA.

13
5. Dhiman Chowdhury. Incentives, Control, and Development: Governance in the Private and
Public Sector with Special Reference to Bangladesh, Dhaka University, 2nd ed. Dhaka, 2012.
06. The Companies Act, 1994 (Act No. 14 of 1994).
07. The Companies (Foreign Interest) Act, 1918 (Act No. XX of 1918).

Acc. 256006: Corporate Financial Reporting

1. Financial Reporting Fundamentals: Brief Resume of Basic Accounting Concepts-

Business Entity-Going Concern-Money Measurement Accounting Period-Consistency-
Historical Cost-Realization-Matching Cost and Revenue-Dual Aspect –Matching cost and
revenues Conservatism-Materiality-Realization Application and limitations of the Concepts.

2. Users and Uses of Financial Reports: Principal categories of users of Financial

Statements-External User: Shareholders, Prospective Shareholders, Investors, Prospective
Investors-Bond/Debenture holders- Creditors of Different Types-Financiers of Different
Types-Securities and Exchange Commission-National Board of Revenue, Other Government
or Public Agencies-International Agencies and Institutions-A host of other Interest Groups
outside the Organization anybody in the World at large, Internal Users-Tiers of Management.

3. Financial Reporting and Disclosure: The Nature of Disclosure, Disclosure of Quantitative

& Non-quantitative Information, Disclosure of Post-Statement Events-Disclosure of Segment
Information-Accounting Difficulties –Methods of Disclosure- Form and Arrangement of
Formal Statements-Terminology and Detailed Presentations-Parenthetical Information-
Supplementary Statements and Schedules, Footnotes-The Auditor’s Certificate-The
Chairperson’s Letter.

4. Fragments of Corporate Reporting: Income Measurement and reporting-Revenue

Recognition. Reporting Extraordinary and Unusual Items. Reporting Assets-Long-lived Fixed
Assets-Intangible Assets, Inventories, etc. Reporting Long-term Financial Commitments-
Lease Retirement & Benefits. Reporting Equity, Reporting Interim results and Contingencies.

5. Special Reporting: Preparation and Reporting of Consolidated Statements-Consolidation

Policy-Control-Similarity of Activities-Consolidation: Preparation of Consolidated Accounts
of subsidiaries and associated companies-Minority interest-Classification-Adjustment of
Minority Interest-Treatment of inter-company transactions-Transfer Pricing & Problems of
Transfer Pricing. Foreign Activities-Exchange Rates-Foreign Currency Transaction &
problems relating thereto.

6. Reporting the Effect of Price Change: The Nature of Price Changes: General Price-level
Changes-Specific Price Changes-Relative Price Changes-The Monetary and Non-monetary
Classifications-Gains and Losses on Monetary items. Price-level Restatement Approaches.

7. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IFRS # 1: First time Adoption of

IFRS; IFRS # 2: Share-based payment; IFRS # 3: Business combinations; IFRS # 4:
Insurance contracts, IFRS # 5: Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations,
IFRS # 6: Explanation for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources and IFRS # 7: Financial
Investment & its disclosure.

14
Recommended Books:
1. Hawking, D.F. 1986. Corporate Financial Reporting & Analysis (Text & Cases). New
York. NY: Irwin/McGraw-Hill.
2. Bernstein, L.A. and J.J. Wild. 1998. Financial Statement Analysis. 6th Edition. New York.
NY: McGraw Hill-Irwin.
3. The Companies Act 1994. United Nations Organization (UNO). 1984. International
Accounting and Reporting Issues. New York. NY: UNIDO.
Acc. 256007: Corporate Tax Planning (In English)

1. Introduction: -Perspectives to Corporate Tax Planning: Corporate Entities and Corporate

Income Tax Rates- Necessity of Tax Planning – Tax evasion, Tax avoidance, Tax planning,
and Tax Management – Traditional vs. Effective Tax Planning- Tax Research –Types of tax
planning, Restriction on taxpayer behaviors, Legislative process and sources of tax
information.

2. Intertemporal Tax Planning: Intertemporal Tax Planning using Alternative Savings

Vehicles – Constant Tax Rates – Changes in Tax Rates -Implications for Bangladesh.

3. Corporate Firms & Tax Rules: Corporate Formation – Taxation of Corporate Operations -
Possible Tax Benefits of Leverage in Firm’s Capital Structures-Debt-Equity Hybrids-
Taxation of Distributions and Share Repurchases-Tax planning using the Tax Rules for
Distributions and Share Repurchases- Taxation of Liquidations.

4. Implicit Taxes, Clienteles and Tax Arbitrage: Tax-Favored Status and Implicit Taxes-
Implicit, Explicit and Total Taxes and Tax Rates – Importance of Adjusting for Risk
Differences-Clienteles –Implicit Taxes and Corporate Tax Burdens –Tax Arbitrage:
Organizational-form Arbitrage and Clientele-Based Arbitrage.

5. Non-tax Costs of Tax Planning: Symmetric Uncertainty, Progressive Tax Rates, and Risk
Taking- Tax Planning in the Presence of Risk Sharing and Hidden-Action Considerations-
Tax Planning in the Presence of Hidden-Information Considerations-Tax Planning and
Organizational Design-Conflicts between Financial Reporting and Tax Planning.

6. Importance of Marginal Tax Rates and Dynamic Tax Planning Considerations: Marginal
Tax Rate: Definitional Issues-Tax Planning for Low Marginal Tax Rate Firms –Adaptability
of Tax Plans, Reversibility of Tax Plans-Ability to ensure against Adverse Changes in Tax
Status- Tax Planning when a Taxpayer’s Marginal Tax Rate is Strategy-dependent.

7. Corporate Compensation Planning: Components of Compensation and Tax Consequences-

Tax Planning regarding Salary versus Deferred Compensation, Salary versus Fringe Benefits,
and other benefits provided to employees.

8. Multinational Tax Planning: Overview of Multinational Taxation-How Taxes Affect the

Location and Structure of Investments - Decision to Repatriate or Reinvest-Shifting Income
Across Jurisdictions.

Recommended Books:

15
 01. Scholes, Myron S. Mark A. Wolfson, Merle Erickson, Edwad L. Maydew and Terry
Shevlin. 2002. Taxes and Business Strategy: A Planning Approach. Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
02. Lakhotia, R. N. & S. Lakhotia. 1998: Corporate Tax Planning. New Delhi: Vision Books.
03. Karayan, John E., Charles W. Swenson, Joseph W. Neff. 2002. Strategic Corporate Tax
Planning, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4. Dhiman Chowdhury. Advanced Issues in Taxation: Theory and Practice, Grantha Kutir,
Bangla Bazar, Dhaka -1100.
……………………………………………….

16