Name: Alisha Sisupalan 4.

Each part is put into a packet with the correct information added, including
your IP address.
5. The packets make their way across the Internet to your IP address. They may
Year 11 Module 1 Embedded systems, IoT and packets
all take different paths and arrive int the wrong order.
6. Your computer reassembles the packets into the image. If any are missing,
1. What is meant by an embedded system? Small computers designed to perform
your computer requests they are resent.
one specific function.
10. What is a router?
2. Give four examples of embedded systems:
A router is a traffic warden of the network, whose purpose is to send packets on
1. Smart watches
to the next part of the network.
2. Fitness bands
3. Hearing aids
4. Central heating systems
3. Give six characteristics of an embedded system: 11. What is packet switching? A method of splitting data that is transmitted over a
1. Task-specific network in packets.
2. Low-cost 12. What is a protocol? A set of rules that computing devices follow in order to
3. Small physical size communicate.
4. Low maintenance 13. What is a layered protocol stack? A set of protocols that interact with one another,
5. Low power consumption but are not concerned with how each other work.
6. Often real-time or responsive to the environment. 14. What is the purpose of TCP/IP? It enables communication on the Internet.
4. What is meant by the Internet of Things (IoT) A network of physical objects that 15. There are four layers in the TCP/IP stack. Briefly explain the function of each one:
use sensors, actuators, embedded systems and wireless technology, such as WiFi,
Bluetooth and Zigbee, to collect and exchange data, with minimal or no human Layer Function
interaction. Application Responsible for how user applications, such as email and
5. Give four examples of the Internet of Things: web browsers, package their data to be sent online.
1. Smart home security systems Transport Establishes a channel between the two devices and split
2. Biometric cybersecurity scanners the data into packets.
3. Connected appliances Internet Addressing. The addresses of the sending and receiving
4. Autonomous farming equipment devices are added to the packet header.
6. What is a packet and why are they used? A unit that is small and more Link Responsible for transporting the raw data over the
manageable, and it is used to send data. transmission medium.
7. What five pieces of information are in a packet header?
1. Addresses – sender and destination
2. Sequence number 16. Identify the functions of the following protocols:
3. Checksum
4. Type of packet Protocol Functions
5. Time to live HTTP(S) To transfer secure data across the Internet, and to send
8. What is an IP address? Internet Protocol Address is an address used to identify and receive webpages.
devices in a network, including the Internet. FTP To communicate and transfer files between computers on
9. Copy the six steps from the “The process, in a nutshell” slide from lesson 3: a TCP/IP network, aka the Internet.
1. You click the download button on an image on a website. SMTP To transfer mail from one user to another.
2. The server containing the image receives that request via the Internet. POP3/IMAP To receive email over the Internet and to access emails on
3. The image is broken up into smaller parts. a remote server from a local client.
 TCP To organize data in a way that ensures the secure
transmission between the server and client.
IP To identify a network and host address assigned to a
device.
Ethernet To connect devices in the network.
Wi-Fi Data transmission and wireless communication.

17. List the protocols which operate in each layer of the TCP/IP stack:

Layer Protocols
Application HTTP(S), FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP
Transport TCP
Internet IP
Link Ethernet, WiFi