1.(a) Two registers store the given 8-bit binary values.

Register 1 store 0011 0111 and Register

2 store 0111 0011.
(i) Add the two binary values of two registers and write the result of the calculation. Show all
your working. [1]

Working space:
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(ii) A logical left shift of three places is performed on Register 1. Write the content of Register
1 after the logical shift has been performed. [1]

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(b) Show how the value -28 is presented in binary using two’s complement. Show all your
working. [2]

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1
(c) The student has twenty images to store that have a resolution of 150 x 250 and a color depth
of 16-bit. Calculate the size of the file that will store the images in MiB. [3]

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2.(a) Explain why and how packets of data are reordered after packet switching has been used
to transmit data across a network. [2]
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(b) Umar is a manager in an office. The data that he uses on a daily basis is stored on a file
server close to his computer. Data is sent from his computer to the file server using parallel
simplex data transmission.
The file server is moved to another building that is 1km away. Explain why the parallel
simplex data transmission method that Umar uses is no longer suitable. [2]
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2
(c) Checksum and Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) are both used when transmitting the data
from a computer to the file server.
Explain why checksum and ARQ are both used. [3]
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(d) Give two advantages and one disadvantage of using the USB interface. [3]
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3. Edith is buying a new computer monitor that displays images using LCD technology.
(a) Explain what is meant by LCD technology. [3]
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3
(b) State three benefits of LCD technology. [3]
Benefit 1
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Benefit 2
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Benefit 3
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(c) Three tasks are given below. For each task, name the most suitable type of printer and give
a reason for your choice. [6]
(i) Printing 20 000 color leaflets to advertise a new pizza shop.
Printer: __________________________________
Reason for choice:
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(ii) Printing a single high gloss photograph in color.

Printer: ________________________________________
Reason for choice:
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(iii) Printing out physical replicas of coins for sale in a museum shop.
Printer: ____________________________________________
Reason for choice:
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4
(d) In the following table, tick (✓) which description refers to RAM and which refers to ROM.
[3]
Description RAM(✓) ROM(✓)
Temporary memory device
Non-volatile memory
Data stored in this memory cannot be altered
Permanent memory device
Stored data and part of the operating system currently in use
Can be increased in size to improve the operational speed to a
computer

4.(a) Data can also be damaged accidentally.

One example of how data can be damaged accidentally is by shutting down a computer before
saving data. To prevent this from happening, a user should make sure they have saved all data
before shutting down a computer.
Complete the table by giving three other examples of how data can be damaged accidentally.
Give a method of prevention for each example. [6]
Example Method of Prevention

5
(b) An art gallery uses secure socket layer (SSL) to provide a secure connection when selling
art on its website.
Describe the process of SSL and explain how it provides a secure connection.
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5.(a) Describe two differences between AI and machine learning.

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(b) An expert system can make use of machine learning.

State what is meant by machine learning.
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6
(c) A company is involved in robotics. Describe what is meant by robotics.

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(d) The robot needs to find its way through different puzzles. Each puzzle has a series of paths
that the robot needs to follow to find its way to the end of the puzzle. The puzzle contains dead
ends and obstacles, so the robot needs to decide which way to go.
The robot’s program will use artificial intelligence (AI).
Describe the characteristics of AI.

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(e) A factory that builds furniture is thinking about buying robots to replace the workers.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the factory replacing the workers with robots.
[4]
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7
6. (a) Explain the difference between digital currency and cryptocurrency.
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(b) A blockchain has six blocks.
(i) Complete the diagram below to show how the six blocks are connected to form a blockchain
network. Use arrows to show any hash value links. [2]

(ii) Describe what happens if block '4' was hacked and the hash value was changed to DD22
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8
(c) The paragraph provides information about translators.
Complete the paragraph using the most appropriate terms from the list. Not all terms in the list
need to be used.
• all at once • compiling • is not required
• assembler • debugging • is required
• assembly language • executable file • line by line
• binary • high-level language • low-level language
• commenting • interpreted

A compiler and an interpreter translate ___________________________ into machine code.

An interpreter does this by translating and executing the code __________________________
and a compiler does this by translating and executing the code _________________________.
One benefit of a compiler is that it creates an ________________________, which means that
a translator ____________________________ each time to run the file.
_____________________________ is easier to do with an interpreter because it stops
translating and reports an error at the place where it occurs in the code. [6]

(d) Complete the diagram using the terms: [4]

– computer
– external network
– router
– switch

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(2) ____________________________
(3) ____________________________
(4) ____________________________