REFERENCES CALCULATIONS RESULTS

Wind Load Calculations based on AS/NZS 1170.2 (2021)

Design Information :

Project Name :
Client :
Designer :
Company :
Units : Metric
Notes :

Project Data
The structure is located in 81 Akuna Street, Kenmore QLD, Australia classified as Terrain Category 2.5 (TC2.5) (assumed to be homogeneous for
the selected wind direction) and is 23.69 km from Australian coastline. The location is elevated at 20.50 m above mean sea level.

Figure 1. Site location.

Parameter Value

Building Length, 12.00 m

Building Width, 22.00 m

Mean Roof Height, 6.60 m

Roof Profile Monoslope

Roof Pitch Angle, 5.00

Orientation of Building Length, , with respect to

0°
True North,

Structure Type AS/NZS 1170.2 - Buildings

Action Combination Case 4 effective surface - Pressures from windward and leeward walls in combination with roof
pressures and internal pressures

Ratio of Dominant Opening to Total Open Area 0.000

Elevated Building? No

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 Figure 2. Building parameters.

Ratio of building length to building width

Ratio of building width to building length

Ratio of mean roof height to building length

Ratio of mean roof height to building width

Surface Permeability Opening Size

Wall 1
Wall 2

Wall 3 Impermeable 0.000

Wall 4

Roof

Regional Wind Speed,

Figure 3.1 of AS/NZS Wind speed for the address is 57 m/s (Region B1) - and was derived from 50, 100, 150 and 200km smooth lines, set in from a smooth coastline, as per
1170.2 Figure 3.3 of AS/NZS 1170.0. Moreover, the wind speed calculation is based on Design Working Life for 50 years and Importance level 2. Refer to
Figure 3.3 of AS/NZS Table 3.1 in AS/NZS 1170.2 for Regional Wind Speeds.
1170.0
m/s

Site Wind Speed for the selected Wind Source Direction (S)

For the selected wind source direction

Section 4.3 - Sheilding Multiplier

For the selected wind source direction, the shielding multiplier is assumed to be equal to 1 with the assumption that shielding of nearby structures
are neglected.
Section 3.3 - Wind Direction Multiplier
For the selected wind source direction, the wind direction multiplier for the structure is equal to 0.95 for Region B1 and wind coming from S.
Note that each wind direction has a corresponding angle (in degrees) measured from True North in a clockwise direction. Additionaly, the corresponding
wind direction mutiplier value for each direction is tabulated below:

Direction

N-0° 0.750
NE - 45 ° 0.750

E - 90 ° 0.850

SE - 135 ° 0.900

S - 180 ° 0.950

SW - 225 ° 0.950

W - 270 ° 0.950
NW - 315 ° 0.900

Section 3.4 - Climate Change Multiplier

The climate change multiplier for the structure is equal to 1 as the structure's location is classified as Region B1

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 Section 4.2.2 - Terrain/Height Multiplier
Table 4.1
The terrain height multiplier for the selected wind source direction (S), terrain category (Category 2.5), and wind region (Region B1) calculated at
mean roof height (6.6 m) is equal to 0.886
The terrain/height multiplier values for each level (used for windward wall pressures) are tabulated below:

Level Elevation, m

1 6.6 0.886

Section 4.4.3 - Lee Multiplier

For the selected wind source direction especially for New Zealand lee zones.

For calculating the hill-shape multiplier, the detected topography for the selected wind source direction is Hill.

Section 4.4.2 - Hill Shape Multiplier

For the selected wind source direction

Figure 3. Ground elevation with wind coming from S.

Section 4.4.1 - Topographic Multiplier

Section 2.2 - Site Wind Speed

Design Wind Speed and Pressure

The site wind speed, , for each wind direction is tabulated below. Note that the default Terrain Category is Category 1 if not defined from the UI.
The site wind speed for the selected direction β at the reference height (z) can be solved using the formula:
Section 2.2 - Site Wind Speed

Section 4.4.1 - Topographic Multiplier

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 Direction Terrain Slope
Detected

N Flat 0.030 1.000 1.000 1.000 36.39 -1180.00 607.00 218.52 874.08 874.08
(0 °)

S Hill 0.128 1.000 1.000 1.000 53.25 1180.00 207.42 74.67 298.68 298.68
(45 °)

E Flat 0.012 1.000 1.000 1.000 63.62 -1100.00 2583.98 930.23 3720.93 3720.93
(90 °)

W Hill 0.067 1.000 1.000 1.000 51.37 1080.00 383.27 137.98 551.91 551.91
(135 °)

NE Flat 0.014 1.000 1.000 1.000 47.99 -960.00 1699.10 611.68 2446.70 2446.70
(180 °)

NW Hill 0.072 1.000 1.000 1.000 55.57 1160.00 387.29 139.42 557.70 557.70
(225 °)

SE Flat 0.075 1.000 1.000 1.000 79.12 -1160.00 525.46 189.17 756.66 756.66
(270 °)
SW Escarpment 0.038 1.000 1.000 1.000 50.01 960.00 658.61 237.10 948.40 2371.00
(315 °)

Section 2.4 - Design Wind Pressure

Note that in calculating the design wind pressures in the table, for reference value.

Direction Terrain Topographic

Category @ @ Multiplier @ ,
@

N 57.000 1.000 0.750 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 37.877 860.778
(0 °)
NE 57.000 1.000 0.750 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 37.877 860.778
(45 °)

E 57.000 1.000 0.850 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 42.927 1105.621
(90 °)

SE 57.000 1.000 0.900 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 45.452 1239.520
(135 °)

S 57.000 1.000 0.950 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 47.977 1381.070
(180 °)

SW 57.000 1.000 0.950 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 47.977 1381.070
(225 °)

W 57.000 1.000 0.950 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 47.977 1381.070
(270 °)

NW 57.000 1.000 0.900 CAT2.5 0.886 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 45.452 1239.520
(315 °)

50 Wind Speeds for All Direction Vdes,0 deg. Vdes,90 deg. Vdes,180 deg. Vdes,270 deg.
180,47.98 225,47.98 270,47.98
135,45.45 315,45.45
45
90,42.93
40
45,37.88
35

30
Vsit,β

25

20

15

10

0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315

Direction (β = 0° for N, clockwise direction)

From these values, the at can be calculated based (using linear interpolation) on the angle between the orthogonal axis parallel to the building
length, , and True North equal to 0°. Take note that the design wind speed should not be less than 30 m/s and the maximum wind speed for .
Therefore:
Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed - 0°
Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 0°
Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed
Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 90°
Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed
Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 180°
Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed

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 Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 270°

Dynamic Response Factor

Section 6.2 - Dynamic Response Factor

The structure is assumed to have natural frequency of the first mode of vibration greater than 1 Hz.

Action Combination Factor

Since the design case for the structure is 4 effective surface - Pressures from windward and leeward walls in combination with roof
pressures and internal pressures:

4 effective surface - Pressures from windward and leeward walls in combination with roof pressures and internal pressures

Therefore:
Section 5.4.3 - Action Combination Factor applied to External Pressures
Table 5.5
Section 5.4.3 - Action Combination Factor applied to Internal Pressures
Table 5.5
Take note that for

Aerodynamic Shape Factor

Surface Permeability Opening Size

Wall 1

Wall 2
Wall 3 Impermeable 0.000

Wall 4

Roof

Ratio of Dominant Opening to Total Opening Area

- Ratio of Dominant Opening to Total Opening Area

Aerodynamic Shape Factor for Internal Pressure

Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

Section 5.3.4 - Open Area/Volume Factor

Section 5.4.3 - Action Combination Factor applied to Internal Pressures
Table 5.5
Take note that for

For

Since the wall condition detected is "All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows" for , the internal pressure coefficient and
aerodynamic shape factor can be determined.

All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - min

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

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 Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - max
Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

For

Since the wall condition detected is "All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows" for , the internal pressure coefficient and
aerodynamic shape factor can be determined.

All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - min

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - max

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation
5.2(1) - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings

For

Since the wall condition detected is "All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows" for , the internal pressure coefficient and
aerodynamic shape factor can be determined.

All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - min

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - max

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 Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

For

Since the wall condition detected is "All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows" for , the internal pressure coefficient and
aerodynamic shape factor can be determined.

All walls are sealed and have non-opening windows

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - min

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

Table 5.1(A) - Internal Pressure Coefficient for buildings - max

Table 5.1(B)
For .
Take note that for
Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for internal pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(1)

Summary:

Direction

-0.200 -0.200
0°
0.000 0.000

-0.200 -0.200
90°
0.000 0.000
1.000 1.000
-0.200 -0.200
180°
0.000 0.000

-0.200 -0.200
270°
0.000 0.000

Aerodynamic Shape Factor for External Pressure

Section 5.2 Equation - Aerodynamic shape factor for external pressures of enclosed buildings
5.2(2)

Section 5.4.2 - Area Reduction Factor

For roof and wall surfaces (main frame), the area reduction factor is assumed to be equal to 1.0.
Section 5.4.3 - Action Combination Factor applied to External Pressures
Table 5.5
Section 5.4.4 - Local Pressure Factor
For roof and wall surfaces (main frame), the local pressure factor is assumed to be equal to 1.0.
Section 5.4.5 - Permeable cladding Reduction Factor
For roof and wall surfaces (main frame), the permeable cladding redection factor is assumed to be equal to 1.0.
Note that for roofs and side walls, the product of and shall not be less than 0.8.
Furthermore, the external pressure coefficients for each surface are shown in the table below based on Section 5.4.1.

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 Surface Location

z 0.800 0.640
Windward wall
h 0.700 0.560

All height (0°) -0.500 -0.400

Leeward wall
All height (90°) -0.333 -0.267
0 to h from windward edge -0.650 -0.520

h to 2h from windward edge -0.500 -0.400

Side wall
2h to 3h from windward edge -0.300 -0.240

> 3h from windward edge -0.200 -0.160

0 to 0.5h from windward edge -0.940 -0.752

-0.420 -0.336

0.5h to h from windward edge -0.880 -0.704

-0.390 -0.312

Roof (0°) h to 2h from windward edge -0.520 1.000 0.800 1.000 1.000 -0.416
-0.030 -0.024

2h to 3h from windward edge -0.340 -0.272

0.060 0.048

> 3h from windward edge -0.250 -0.200

0.150 0.120

0 to 0.5h from windward edge -0.900 -0.720

-0.400 -0.320

0.5h to h from windward edge -0.900 -0.720

-0.400 -0.320

Roof (90°) h to 2h from windward edge -0.500 -0.400

0.000 0.000

2h to 3h from windward edge -0.300 -0.240

0.100 0.080

> 3h from windward edge -0.200 -0.160

0.200 0.160

Design Pressures

Section 2.4 - Design Wind Pressure

Section 2.4 - Density of air

Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed - 0°
Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 0°
For wind direction

Surface Level Elevation or Location

Windward wall 1 45.452 0.560 694.131 942.035

694.131
6.600
Leeward wall All heights 45.452 -0.400 -495.808 -247.904
-495.808

0 to h from windward edge 45.452 -0.520 -644.550 -396.646

-644.550

h to 2h from windward edge 45.452 -0.400 -495.808 -247.904

-495.808
Sidewall -
2h to 3h from windward edge 45.452 -0.240 -297.485 -49.581
-297.485

> 3h from windward edge 45.452 -0.160 -198.323 49.581

-198.323

45.452 -0.940 -932.119 -684.215

-932.119
0 to 0.5h from windward edge
45.452 -0.420 -416.479 -168.575
-0.200 -247.904 -416.479
0.000 0.000
45.452 -0.880 -872.622 -624.718
-872.622
0.5h to h from windward edge
45.452 -0.390 -386.730 -138.826
-386.730

45.452 -0.520 -515.640 -267.736

Flat Roof -515.640
Upwind/Downwind Roof Roof h to 2h from windward edge
(0°) 45.452 -0.030 -29.748 218.155
-29.748

45.452 -0.340 -337.149 -89.245

-337.149
2h to 3h from windward edge
45.452 0.060 59.497 307.401
59.497

45.452 -0.250 -247.904 0.000

-247.904
> 3h from windward edge
45.452 0.150 148.742 396.646
148.742

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 Wind - 0°

Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed

Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 180°
For wind direction

Surface Level Elevation or Location

Windward wall 1 47.977 0.560 773.399 1049.613

773.399
6.600
Leeward wall All heights 47.977 -0.400 -552.428 -276.214
-552.428

0 to h from windward edge 47.977 -0.520 -718.156 -441.942

-718.156

h to 2h from windward edge 47.977 -0.400 -552.428 -276.214

-552.428
Sidewall -
2h to 3h from windward edge 47.977 -0.240 -331.457 -55.243
-331.457

> 3h from windward edge 47.977 -0.160 -220.971 55.243

-220.971

47.977 -0.940 -1038.564 -762.351

-1038.564
0 to 0.5h from windward edge
47.977 -0.420 -464.039 -187.825
-0.200 -276.214 -464.039
0.000 0.000
47.977 -0.880 -972.273 -696.059
-972.273
0.5h to h from windward edge
47.977 -0.390 -430.894 -154.680
-430.894

47.977 -0.520 -574.525 -298.311

Flat Roof -574.525
Upwind/Downwind Roof Roof h to 2h from windward edge
(180°) 47.977 -0.030 -33.146 243.068
-33.146

47.977 -0.340 -375.651 -99.437

-375.651
2h to 3h from windward edge
47.977 0.060 66.291 342.505
66.291

47.977 -0.250 -276.214 0.000

-276.214
> 3h from windward edge
47.977 0.150 165.728 441.942
165.728

Wind - 180°

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 Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed
Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 90°
For wind direction

Surface Level Elevation or Location

Windward wall 1 45.452 0.560 694.131 942.035

694.131
6.600
Leeward wall All heights 45.452 -0.267 -330.539 -82.635
-330.539

0 to h from windward edge 45.452 -0.520 -644.550 -396.646

-644.550

h to 2h from windward edge 45.452 -0.400 -495.808 -247.904

-495.808
Sidewall -
2h to 3h from windward edge 45.452 -0.240 -297.485 -49.581
-297.485

> 3h from windward edge 45.452 -0.160 -198.323 49.581

-198.323

45.452 -0.900 -892.454 -644.550

-892.454
0 to 0.5h from windward edge
45.452 -0.400 -396.646 -148.742
-0.200 -247.904 -396.646
0.000 0.000
45.452 -0.900 -892.454 -644.550
-892.454
0.5h to h from windward edge
45.452 -0.400 -396.646 -148.742
-396.646

45.452 -0.500 -495.808 -247.904

Flat Roof -495.808
Crosswind Roof Roof h to 2h from windward edge
(90°) 45.452 0.000 0.000 247.904
0.000

45.452 -0.300 -297.485 -49.581

-297.485
2h to 3h from windward edge
45.452 0.100 99.162 347.066
99.162

45.452 -0.200 -198.323 49.581

-198.323
> 3h from windward edge
45.452 0.200 198.323 446.227
198.323

Section 2.3 - Design Wind Speed

Building design wind speed determined at the building height, h, for θ equal to 270°
For wind direction

Surface Level Elevation or Location

Windward wall 1 47.977 0.560 773.399 1049.613

773.399
6.600
Leeward wall All heights 47.977 -0.267 -368.285 -92.071
-368.285

0 to h from windward edge 47.977 -0.520 -718.156 -441.942

-718.156

h to 2h from windward edge 47.977 -0.400 -552.428 -276.214

-552.428
Sidewall -
2h to 3h from windward edge 47.977 -0.240 -331.457 -55.243
-331.457

> 3h from windward edge 47.977 -0.160 -220.971 55.243

-220.971

47.977 -0.900 -994.370 -718.156

-994.370
0 to 0.5h from windward edge
47.977 -0.400 -441.942 -165.728
-0.200 -276.214 -441.942
0.000 0.000
47.977 -0.900 -994.370 -718.156
-994.370
0.5h to h from windward edge
47.977 -0.400 -441.942 -165.728
-441.942

47.977 -0.500 -552.428 -276.214

Flat Roof -552.428
Crosswind Roof Roof h to 2h from windward edge
(270°) 47.977 0.000 0.000 276.214
0.000

47.977 -0.300 -331.457 -55.243

-331.457
2h to 3h from windward edge
47.977 0.100 110.486 386.700
110.486

47.977 -0.200 -220.971 55.243

-220.971
> 3h from windward edge
47.977 0.200 220.971 497.185
220.971

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 Wind - 90° or 270°

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