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11 - JEE - Physics - Current Electricity and Heating Effect - Methods of Determining Equivalent Resistance For Different Network

This document discusses two methods for determining the equivalent resistance of complex networks: (1) The method of successive reduction which simplifies the network by reducing series and parallel resistances. (2) The method of equipotential points which identifies points of equal potential based on the network's symmetry, allowing portions to be combined. Symmetric networks can be folded around parallel axes and overlapping nodes will have the same potential.

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Aman Vishwakarma
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37 views

11 - JEE - Physics - Current Electricity and Heating Effect - Methods of Determining Equivalent Resistance For Different Network

This document discusses two methods for determining the equivalent resistance of complex networks: (1) The method of successive reduction which simplifies the network by reducing series and parallel resistances. (2) The method of equipotential points which identifies points of equal potential based on the network's symmetry, allowing portions to be combined. Symmetric networks can be folded around parallel axes and overlapping nodes will have the same potential.

Uploaded by

Aman Vishwakarma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Determining Equivalent Resistance for Some Difficult

Networks.

(1) Method of successive reduction: It is the most common technique to determine the
equivalent resistance. So far, we have been using this method to find out the equivalent
resistances. This method is applicable only when we are able to identify resistances in series or
in parallel. The method is based on the simplification of the circuit by successive reduction of
the series and parallel combinations. For example to calculate the equivalent resistance between
the point A and B, the network shown below successively reduced.

R R

R R R R


2R R
2R   
2R R R R
3R/2

R R 2R R 2R R A R B
2R A B

A R B A R B A R B

(2) Method of equipotential points: This method is based on identifying the points of same
potential and joining them. The basic rule to identify the points of same potential is the
symmetry of the network.

(i) In a given network there may be two axes of symmetry.

(a) Parallel axis of symmetry, that is, along the direction of current flow.

(b) Perpendicular axis of symmetry, that is perpendicular to the direction of flow of current.

For example in the network shown below the axis AA is the parallel axis of symmetry, and the
axis BB is the perpendicular axis of symmetry.
B 2
R R
6 7
R R R
A R A
1 O R 3
R R R
5 8
R R
B4
(ii) Points lying on the perpendicular axis of symmetry may have same potential. In the given
network, point 2, 0 and 4 are at the same potential.

(iii) Points lying on the parallel axis of symmetry can never have same potential.

(iv) The network can be folded about the parallel axis of symmetry, and the overlapping nodes
have same potential. Thus as shown in figure, the following points have same potential

(a) 5 and 6 (b) 2, 0 and 4 (c) 7 and 8

2, 4
R R
R/2 R/2 3R/2
R R
5, 6 7, 8 

1 3
R/2 R/2
R R
R/2 R/2
R R R
R R R 1 3
1 O 3

Note: Above network may be split up into two equal parts about the parallel axis of symmetry as shown in
R'
R
figure each part has a resistance R, then the equivalent resistance of the network will be 2 .

2
R R
R  = 3R
R R 
1 3
1 R R 3
A A

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