ATOMS

PYQs Previous Years Questions Mark Questions Multiple Choice Questions

1.The radius of the nth orbit in Bohr model of hydrogen atom is proportional to

(a) n^2

(b) 1/n^2

(c) n

(d)1/n

CBSE 2023

2. The potential energy of an electron in the second excited state in hydrogen atom is

(a)-3.4 eV

(c)-1.51 eV

(b)-3.02 eV

(d)-6.8 eV

CBSE 2023

3. The diagram shows four energy level of an electron in Bohr model of hydrogen atom. Identify the
transition in which the emitted photon will have the highest energy.

(a) I

(b) II

(c) III

(d) IV

CBSE 2023

4. The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 x 10^-11 m. The radius of the
n= 3 orbit is

(a) 101 x 10^-10 m

(c) 2.12 x 10^ -10 m

(d) 4.77 x 10-10 m

CBSE SQP 2022-23

5. A photon beam of energy 12.1 eV is incident on a hydrogen atom. The orbit to which electron of
H-atom be excited is

(a) 2nd

(b) 3rd

(c) 4th

(d) 5th

CBSE SQP 2019-20

6. In the a-particle scattering experiment, the shape of the trajectory of the scattered a-particles
depend upon

(a) only on impact parameter

(b) only on the source of alpha -particles

(c) Both impact parameter and source of alpha -particles

(d) impact parameter and the screen material of the detector

All India 2020

Assertion-Reason Questions

Directions (Q. Nos, 7-10) In the following questions, two statements are given- one labelled Assertion
(A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes
(a), (b), (c) and (d) as given

below

(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

(d) If both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

7. Assertion : Light emitted from rarefied gases heated in a flame or excited electrically in a glow tube
like mercury vapour light has only certain discrete wavelengths.

Reason : In such gases, the average spacing between atom is large.

8. Assertion : Most of an atom is an empty space.

Reason : From Rutherford's experiment, size of the nucleus is 10-10 m and from kinetic theory, size
of the atom is 10-15 m.
9. Assertion : If the electrons in an atom were stationary, then they would fall into the nucleus.

Reason : Electrostatic force of attraction acts between negatively charged electrons and positive
nucleus.

10. Assertion : Angular momentum of single electron in any orbit of hydrogen type atoms is
independent of the atomic number of the element.

Reason : In ground state angular momentum is minimum.

Very Short Answer Questions

11. What is the value of angular momentum of electron in the second orbit of Bohr's model of
hydrogen atom? CBSE SQP 2020-21

12. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. What are the kinetic and potential
energies of electron in this state? All India 2014C; All India
2010

13. What is the maximum number of spectral lines emitted by a hydrogen atom when it is in the third
excited state? All India 2013C

14. Why is the classical (Rutherford) model for an atom of 25. Obtain the expression for the ratio of
the de-Broglie electron orbiting around the nucleus not able to explain the atomic structure?
Delhi2012

15. What is the ratio of radii of the orbits corresponding to first excited state and ground state, in a
hydrogen atom?

Delhi 2010

16. The radius of innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 x 10"m. What is the radius of
orbit in the second excited state? Delhi 2010

2 Marks Questions

17. Using Bohr's postulates, obtain the expression for radius of th stable orbit in a hydrogen atom.
CBSE 2023 18. What is meant by ionisation energy? Write its value for hydrogen atom.

KEY idea

Energy of nth orbit of an atom is

Z2

E--136-

eV.

CBSE 2023

19. Write the limitations of Rutherford's model of atom. CBSE 2023

20. Consider two different hydrogen atoms. The electron in each atom is in an excited state. Is it
possible for the electrons to have different energies but same orbital angular momentum according
to the Bohr model? Justify your answer. CBSE SQP 2021-22 (Term-II)
21. (i) Define the terms impact parameter and distance of closest approach for an a-particle in
Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment.

(ii) What will be the value of the impact parameter for scattering angle

(a) 0=0° and (b) 0=180°?

CBSE 2022 (Term-II)

22. Derive an expression for the radius of nth Bohr's orbit in hydrogen atom.

Or

Energy of electron in first excited state in hydrogen atom is-3.4 eV. Find KE and PE of electron in the
ground state. CBSE SQP 2019-20

23. Write shortcomings of Rutherford atomic model. Explain, how these were overcome by the
postulates of Bohr's atomic model.

Delhi 2020

24. Explain briefly how Rutherford scattering of a-particle by a target nucleus can provide
information on the size of the nucleus Delhi 2019

25. Obtain the expression for the ratio of de Broglies wavelengths associated with the electron
orbiting in the second and third excited states of hydrogen atom Delhi 2019

26. A hydrogen atom in the ground state is excited by an electron beam of 12.5 eV energy. Find out
the maximum number of lines emitted by the atom from its excited state.

All India 2019

27. Calculate the orbital period of the electron in the first excited state of hydrogen atom. Delhi 2019

28. Find out the wavelength of the electron orbiting in the ground state of hydrogen atom. Delhi
2016

29. Find the wavelength of the electron orbiting in the first excited state in hydrogen atom.

All India 2016

30. State Bohr postulate of hydrogen atom that gives the relationship for the frequency of emitted
photon in a transition.

Foreign 2016

31. An electron jumps from fourth to first orbit in an atom. How many maximum number of spectral
lines can be emitted by the atom? To which series these lines correspond?

Foreign 2016

32. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron orbiting in the n=2 states of hydrogen atom.

All India 2016

33. Use de-Broglie's hypothesis to write the relation for the nth radius of Bohr orbit in terms of
Bohr's quantization condition of orbital angular momentum. Foreign 2016
34. An a-particle moving with initial kinetic energy K towards a nucleus of atomic number Z
approaches a distance d at which it reverses its direction. Obtain the expression for the distance of
closest approach din terms of the kinetic energy of a-particle K.

All India 2016C

35. In the study of Geiger-Marsden experiment on scattering of a-particles by a thin foil of gold, draw
the trajectory of a-particles in the coulomb field of target nucleus. Explain briefly how one gets the
information on the size of the nucleus from this study. All India 2018

36. Show that the radius of the orbit in hydrogen atom varies as n2, where n is the principal quantum
number of the atom.

All India 2015

37. Using Rutherford model of the atom, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in
hydrogen atom. What is the significance of total negative energy possessed by the electron?

All India 2014

38. Using Bohr's postulates of the atomic model, derive the expression for radius of nth electron
orbit. Hence, obtain the expression for Bohr's radius. All India 2014

39. Define ionisation energy. How would the ionisation energy change when electron in hydrogen
atom is replaced by a particle of mass 200 times that of the electron but having the same charge?

All India 2013

40. In the ground state of hydrogen atom, its Bohr radius is given as 5.3 x 10 ^-11 m. The atom is
excited such that the radius becomes 21.2x 10^-11 m. Find (i) the value of the principal quantum
number and (ii) the total energy of the atom in this excited state.

Delhi 2013C

41. Explain, in brief, why Rutherford's model cannot account for the stability of an atom.

Delhi 2010C

42. Using the relevant Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the radius of the electron in the
nth orbit of the electron in hydrogen atom. Delhi 2010C

3 Marks Questions

43. Briefly explain Geiger-Marsden experiment. Show the variation of the number of particles
scattered (N) with scattering angle (0) in this experiment. What is the main conclusion that can be
inferred from this plot?

CBSE 2023

44. (i) Draw a graph to show the variation of the number of scattered particles detected (N) in
Geiger-Marsden experiment as a function of scattering angle (ϴ).

(ii) Discuss briefly two conclusions that can be drawn from this graph and how they lead to the
discovery of nucleus in an atom.

CBSE 2023
45. (i) (a) Differentiate between distance of closest approach and impact parameter

(b) Determine the distance of closet approach when an alpha particle of kinetic energy 3.95 MeV a
nucleus of Z= 79 stops and approaches reverses its directions.

Or

(ii) (a) State three postulates of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom.

(b) Find the angular momentum of an electron

revolving in the second orbit in Bohr's hydrogen atom.

46. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. The photon emitted during the transition
of electron from n=3 to n=1 state, is incident on a photosensitive material of unknown work function.
The photoelectrons are emitted from the material with the maximum kinetic energy of 9 eV.
Calculate the threshold wavelength of the material used. CBSE SQP 2022-23

47. Derive an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites
from level n to level (n-1). Also show that for large values of n, this frequency equals to classical
frequency of revolution of an electron. CBSE SQP 2021-23 (Term-II)

48. State Bohr's postulate to explain stable orbits in a hydrogen atom. Prove that the speed with
which the electron revolves in nth orbit is proportional to (1/n). CBSE 2022 (Term-II)

49. A narrow beam of protons, each having 4.1 MeV energy is approaching sheet of lead (Z=82).
Calculate

(i) the speed of a proton in the beam and (ii) the distance of its closest approach. CBSE 2022 (Term-
11)

50. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with the electron in the second excited state of
hydrogen atom. The ground state energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.

Delhi 2020

51. A photon emitted during the de-excitation of electron from a state n to the first excited state in a
hydrogen atom, irradiates a metallic cathode of work function 2eV, in a photocell, with a stopping
potential of 0.55 V. Obtain the value of the quantum number of the state n. All India 2019

52.(i) State Bohr’s postulate to define stable orbits in hydrogen atom. How dies de-Broglie’s
hypothesis explain the stability of these orbits?

(ii) A hydrogen atom initially in the ground state absorbs a photon which excites it to the n=4 level.
Estimate the frequency of the photon. All India 2018

53. The energy levels of an atom of element X are shown in the diagram. Which one of the level
transitions will result in the emission of photons of wavelength 620 nm ? Support your answer with
mathematical calculation.
54. Define the distance of closest approach. An alpha -particle of kinetic energy K is bombarded on a
thin gold foil. The distance of the closest approach is r . What will be the distance of closest approach
for an alpha particle of double the kinetic energy? Write two important limitations of Rutherford
nuclear model of the atom All India 2016

55. The kinetic energy of the electron orbiting in the first excited state of hydrogen atom is 3.4 eV.
Determine the de Broglie wavelength associated with it. Foreign 2015

56. (1) State Bohr's quantisation condition for defining stationary orbits. How does de-Broglie's
hypothesis explain the stationary orbits?

(ii) Find the relation between the three wavelengths Λ1, Λ2, Λ3 from the energy level diagram
shown below. All India 2014

57. Using Bohr's total postulates, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in the
stationary states of hydrogen atom. Delhi 2014

58. The value of ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV.

(i) Find the energy required to move an electron from the ground state to the first excited state of
the atom.

(ii) Determine (a) the kinetic energy and (b) orbital radius in the first excited state of the atom.
(Given, the value of Bohr's radius-0.53 A) All India 2014C

59. (i) The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3x10^-11 m. Calculate its
radius in n-3 orbit.

(ii) The total energy of an electron in the first excited state of the hydrogen atom is-3.4 eV. Find out
its (a) kinetic energy and (b) potential energy in this state.

Delhi 2014C

60. Using Bohr's postulates, obtain the expression for the total energy of the electron in the
stationary states of the hydrogen atom. Hence, draw the energy level diagram showing how the line
spectra corresponding to Balmer series occur due to transition between energy levels.

Delhi 2013

61. Using Bohr's postulates for hydrogen atom, show that the total energy (5) of the electron in the
stationary states can be expressed as the sum of kinetic energy (K) and potential energy (U), where
U-2 K. Hence, deduce the expression for the total energy in the nth energy level of hydrogen atom.
 Foreign 2012

62. (1) Using Bohr's second postulate of quantisation of orbital angular momentum show that the
circumference of the electron in the nth orbital state in hydrogen atom is n-times the de-Broglie
wavelength associated with it.

(ii) The electron in hydrogen atom is initially in the third excited state. What is the maximum number
of spectral lines which can be emitted when it finally moves to the ground state?

Delhi 2012

63. In a Geiger-Marsden experiment, calculate the distance of closest approach to the nucleus of
Z=80, when an a-particle of 8 MeV energy impinges on it before it comes to momentarily rest and
reverses its direction.How will the distance of closest approach be affected when the kinetic energy
of the a-particle is doubled?

All India 2012

64. Draw a schematic arrangement of the Geiger-Marsden experiment for studying a-particle
scattering by a thin foil of gold. Describe briefly by drawing trajectories of the scattered a-particles.
How this study can be used to estimate the size of the nucleus?

Foreign 2010

65. State the basic assumption of the Rutherford model of the atom. Explain in brief why this model
cannot account for the stability of an atom?

Delhi 2010C

66. Using the relevant Bohr's postulates, derive the

expressions for the

(i) speed of the electron in the nth orbit,

(ii) radius of the nth orbit of the electron in hydrogen atom Delhi 2010C

5 Marks Question

67. Using Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when
electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state (quantum number ni) to
the lower state, (nf). When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state ni=4 to nf =3,2,1.
Identify the spectral series to which the emission lines belong. All India 2013

Case Based Questions (4 Marks) (For Complete Chapter)

Direction (Q.No. 68) These questions are Case Study based questions. Read the following paragraph
and answer the questions.

68. Excited State of Atom

At room temperature, most of the H-atoms are in ground state. When an atom receives some energy
(ie. by electron collisions), the atom may acquire sufficient energy to raise electron to higher energy
state. In this condition, the atom is said to be in excited state. From the excited state, the electron
can fall back to a state of lower energy, emitting a photon equal to the energy difference of the orbit.
In a mixture of H-He+ gas (He is single ionized He atom), H-atoms and He+ ions are excited to their
respective first excited states. Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy to He+ ions
(by collisions).

(1) The quantum number n of the state finally populated in He+ ions is

(a) 2

(b) 1

(c) 4

(d) 5

(ii) The energy required to excite H-atom from n = 2 to n=4 is

(a) 2.55 eV

(b) 4.25 eV

(c) 4 eV

(d) 0.85 eV

(iii) The ratio of kinetic energy of the electrons for the H-atom to that of He+ ion for n=3 is

(a) 1/4

(b)1/2

(c) 1

(d) 2

(iv) The radius of th orbit of H-atom is r, then r and n are related as

(b)r α n2

(b) r α 1/n

d)r α 1/n2

(v) Angular momentum of an electron in H-atom in second excited state is

(a)3h/2π

(b) 2π/ 3h
(c)3h/ π

(d) h/2π