Basic Science - Physics MCQ of Optics

Basic Science Physics

Unit III: Optics
MCQ
1) The velocity of light in vacuum is
a) 3 x 105 m/s b) 3 x 108 m/s c) 1.6 x 10-19 J d) both a and c
2) When light travels from one medium to another medium, which factor is changes
a) Velocity b) direction c) wavelength d) all of above
3) When light travels from one medium to another medium, which factor remains constant
a) Velocity b) frequency c) wavelength d) all of above
4) A wave of single frequency or wavelength is called
a) Monochromatic light b) double light c) energetic light d) both a and b
5) When ray of light travels from one transparent medium to another transparent medium its direction
changes called as _
a) Reflection b) refraction c) TIR d) both a and c
6) When light ray travels from optically rarer medium to optically denser medium, it
a) Bends away from normal b) bends towards the normal c) does not bend d) both a and b
7) When light ray travels from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium, it
a) Bends away from normal b) bends towards the normal c) does not bend d) both a and b
8) For a given pair of media, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to sine of the angle of refraction is
a) Increases b) decreases c) constant d) none of above
9) The statement of Snell’s law is
sin i
sin i sin r cos i
a) = constant b) = constant c) = constant d) = constant
cos r sin r sin i cos r
10) For any two media, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to sine of the angle of refraction is called
a) R.I. of 2nd medium w.r.t. 1st medium b) R.I. of 2nd medium w.r.t. 2nd medium c) R.I. of 1st
medium w.r.t. 2nd medium d) R.I. of 1st medium w.r.t. 1st medium
11) Which of the following equation id correct
λ1
a) 1
μ = b) 1
μ c) 1μ =
V1
d) 1μ =
λ1
V2
2 2
= 2 2
λ2 V1 V1 λ1

12) R.I. of vacuum is

a) Two b) three c) zero d) one

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13) The unit of R.I. is _
a) m/s b) oC/s c) km/s d) unitless
14) The R.I. of water is
a) 1 b) 2.5 c) 3 d) 1.33
15) R.I. of glass is
a) 1 b) 2.5 c) 1.5 d) 3.5
16) R.I. of diamond is
a) 1 b) 3.5 c) 2.42 d) 4.2
17) When light travels from denser medium to rarer medium and when angle of incidence is greater than
critical angle, total light reflected in the same medium. This phenomenon of light is called
a) Total internal reflection b) total internal refraction c) total internal interface d) all
18) TIR means
a) Total internal reflection b) total internal refraction c) both a and b d) None of these
19) 1 Ao =
a) 10-10 m b) 10-8 m c) 10-9 m d) both a and b
20) The angle of incidence in denser medium for which angle of refraction is 90o is called
a) Snell’s law b) incident angle c) refracted angle d) critical angle
21) The conditions of TIR
a) Light travel from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium
b) Light must travel from optically rarer medium to optically denser medium
c) i > ic d) both a and c
22) A thin fibre of glass or plastic that carry light from one end to the other is called
a) Optical fibre b) gold fibre c) paper fibre d) all of above
23) Optical fibre works on principle of
a) TIR b) reflection c) refraction d) none of above
24) Fibre optics mainly used in
a) Sensors b) lightening and toys c) telecommunications d) all of above
25) The R.I. of core is then R.I. of cladding in optical fibre
a) Less b) equal c) greater d) all of above
26) The condition for TIR
a) Light travel from denser to rarer b) i > ic c) μcore > μcladding d) all of above
27) The central part of optical fibre is called
a) Cladding b) jacket c) core d) both a and b

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28) The collection of light waves of an optical fibre is depends on
a) Core size b) numerical aperature c) both a and b d) none of these
29) The parts of an optical fibers are
a) Core b) cladding c) primary and secondary coating d) all of above
30) The sine of acceptance angle of the optical fibre is called
a) Numerical aperature b) acceptance angle c) acceptance cone d) all of above
31) The light gathering power of optical fibre is called
a) Numerical aperature b) acceptance angle c) acceptance cone d) all of above
32) The maximum angle made by light ray with fibre axis, so that light can propagate through the fibre
after TIR called
a) Numerical aperature b) acceptance angle c) acceptance cone d) all of above
33) The cone in which light incident at an acceptance angle and propagate through optical fibre after TIR
called
a) Numerical aperature b) acceptance angle c) acceptance cone d) all of above
34) If the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle then phenomenon of
a) Reflection occurs b) refraction occurs c) total internal reflection occur c) both a and b
35) In fibre optic thread, refractive index of inner core is
a) Less than cladding b) equal to cladding c) both a and b d) higher than cladding
36) The angle formed between normal and ray entering a medium is known as
a) Critical angle b) angle of incidence c) angle of reflection d) angle of refraction
37) A ray of light strikes the surface of mirror at an angle of 30o with the mirror. The angle of reflection is
a) 30o b) 60o c) 45o d) none
38) Light is form of energy produced by a
a) Luminous object b) transparent object c) non-luminous object d) all of above
39) A example of non-luminous object is
a) A candle b) the sun c) an electric bulb d) the moon
40) The phenomenon by which the incident light falling on a surface is sent back into same medium is
known as
a) TIR b) reflection c) refraction d) absorption
41) According to law of reflection for mirror
a) i = r b) i > r c) r < i d) i ≠ r

42) According to law of reflection for rigid surface

a) i = r b) i > r c) r < i d) i ≠ r

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43) When light travels from a vacuum into a glass block, its speed
a) Decreases b) remains same c) increases d) both a and c
44) Angle made by incident ray with reflecting surface is called .
a) Incidence angle b) angle of refraction c) angle of deviation d) glancing angle
45) The sun is visible before the sunrise and after sunset because of the following phenomenon
a) reflection b) refraction c) dispersion d) polarization
46) The speed of light in air is 3 x 108 mm/s. What will be the speed of light in glycerin whose refractive
index is 1.47?
a) 4.41 x 108 m/s b) 2.04 x 108 m/s c) 4.47 x 108m/s d) 3 x 108 m/s
47) Calculate the angle of refraction in a medium if the angle of incidence in air is 48o and index of
refraction of medium is 1.58.
a) 28o b) 28oC c) 31o d) 31o C
48) A ray of light in air strikes a block of quartz at an angle of incidence 30. Calculate RI of quartz
material if an angle of refraction is 20
a) 1.36 b) 1.32 c) 1.43 d) 1.46
49) A ray of light indent on the surface of water at an angle of incidence 70 o. A ray is deviated through 25o
towards the normal when it enters water. Calculate RI of water
a) 1.22 b) 1.5 c) 1.33 d) 2.25
50) A light ray enters water medium making an angle 60 o with the water surface. If it suffers deviation of
15o. Calculate R.I. of water
a) 2.93 b) 1.75 c) 1.93 d) 2.15
51) Light travels from air into an optical fibre with refractive index 1.44 a) calculate the angle of refraction
inside the fibre if the angle of incidence on the end of the fibre is 22 o b) in which direction the light
bend?
a) r = 15o, bends towards the normal
b) r = 35o, bends towards the normal
c) r = 15o, bends away from the normal
d) r = 35o, bends away from the normal
52) Light travels from air into an optical fibre with refractive index 1.44 reaches the end of fibre and exist
into air a) calculate the angle of incidence on the end of fibre if angle of refraction outside the fibre is
30o b) in which direction the light bend?
a) i = 46o, bends towards the normal
b) i = 36o, bends towards the normal
c) i = 46o, bends away from the normal
d) i = 36o, bends away from the normal
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53) Light travel from water into air with an angle of refraction 8o, calculate angle of incidence if RI
of water is 1.33.
a) 11.6o b) 10.6o c) 12.3o d) 22.3o
54) How long will the light tale in travelling a distance of 500 m in water? R.I. of water is 4/3 and
velocity of light in air is 3 x 108 m/s
a) V= 2.25 x 108 m/s. t = 2.22 x 1010 sec
b) V= 2.25 x 108 m/s. t = 2.22 x 10-8 sec
c) V= 2.22 x 108 m/s. t = 2.22 x 1010 sec
d) V= 2.13 x 108 m/s. t = 2.22 x 10-10 sec
55) A light of wavelength 6000 Ao in air enter a medium of R.I. 1.5. Calculate wavelength of light
in medium
a) 4000 Ao b) 4200 Ao c) 3800 Ao d) 4100 Ao
56) Calculate velocity of light in water and glass if their refractive indices are 1.33 and 1.5 respectively.
(Va = 3 x 108 m/s)
a) Vg = 2 x 108 m/s, Vw = 2.25 x 108 m/s
b) Vg = 2.25 x 108 m/s, Vw = 2 x 108 m/s
c) Vg = 2 x 1010 m/s, Vw = 2.25 x 1010 m/s
d) None of these
57) Calculate R.I. of glass if it’s critical angle is 42o
a) 1.39 b) 1.49 c) 1.32 d) 1.42
58) The light traveling through an optical fibre of refractive indices of core and cladding are 1.56 and
1.48 respectively. Calculate critical angle
a) 70.56o b) 72.56o c) 71.56o d) 69.56o
59) The R.I. of core and cladding are 1.60 and 1.49 respectively. Calculate critical angle of core
and cladding interface
a) 63o87’ b) 68o37’ c) 67o83’ d) 86o37’
60) Calculate numerical aperature of core and acceptance angle. If R.I. of core is 1.5 and cladding is
1.46 a) 1.577, 15o b) 1.25, 25o c) 1.477, 25o d) 1.477, 15o
61) The R.I. of core and cladding are 1.54 and 1.50 respectively. Calculate acceptance
angle a) 40.20o b) 20.40o c) 19.01o d) 39.20o
62) Calculate numerical aperature and acceptance angle for an optical fibre (μcore = 1.40, μcladding = 1.35)
a) NA = 2.734, θ = 21.76o b) NA=2.734, θ=21.76o c) NA=2.734, θ=21.76o d) NA = 2.734, θ = 21.76o
63) What type of signal is typically used in optical fibers?
a) Radio waves
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b) Microwaves
c) Light waves
d) Sound waves

64) What is the core material used in optical fibers?

a) Copper
b) Glass
c) Plastic
d) Silica

65) What is the main advantage of using optical fibers over traditional copper cables?
a) Lower cost
b) Higher bandwidth
c) Increased distance
d) Greater durability

66) How does an optical fiber transmit data?

a) By changing the frequency of the light
b) By changing the amplitude of the light
c) By changing the phase of the light
d) By changing the polarization of the light

67) What is the main disadvantage of using optical fibers?

a) Fragility
b) Limited distance
c) High cost
d) Limited bandwidth

68) What type of material is used to coat optical fibers?

a) Copper
b) Glass
c) Plastic
d) Acrylic

69) What is the attenuation loss in optical fibers?

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a) The loss of signal strength over distance
b) The loss of signal quality over distance
c) The loss of signal integrity over distance
d) The loss of signal reliability over distance

70) What is the difference between single-mode and multi-mode optical fibers?
a) Single-mode fibers have a larger core size than multi-mode fibers
b) Multi-mode fibers have a larger core size than single-mode fibers
c) Single-mode fibers can transmit data over longer distances than multi-mode fibers
d) Multi-mode fibers can transmit data over longer distances than single-mode fibers

71) Which among the following is described by the concept of numerical aperture in an optical fibre?

a) Light collection
b) Light scattering
c) Light dispersion
d) Light polarisation

Answer: (a) Light collection

72) Which among the following fibre optic cables have a core of size 480 μm to 980 μm and made up of
polymethylmethacrylate?

a) Glass fibre optic cable

b) Plastic fibre optic cable
c) Plastic clad silica fibre optic cable
d) All of the above

Answer: (b) Plastic fibre optic cable

73) A ray of light will undergo total internal reflection if it

a) Goes from rarer medium to denser medium

b) Incident at an angle less than the critical angle
c) Strikes the interface normally
d) Incident at an angle greater than the critical angle

Answer: (d) Incident at an angle greater than the critical angle

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74) Which of the following is not due to total internal reflection of light?

a) Brilliance of diamond
b) Mirage formation
c) Optical fibre working
d) Rainbow formation

Answer: (d) Rainbow formation

75) The fibres not used nowadays for optical fibre communication system are

a) Single-mode fibre
b) Multimode fibre
c) Coaxial cable
d) Multimode graded-index fibres

Answer: (a) Single-mode fibre

76) In single-mode fibres, the cladding diameter must be at least

a) Five times the core diameter

b) Thrice the core diameter
c) Ten times the core diameter
d) Twice the core diameter

Answer: (c) Ten times the core diameter

77) How does the refractive index vary in Graded Index fibre?
a) Tangentially
b) Radially
c) Longitudinally
d) Transversely

78) Calculate the numerical aperture of an optical fibre whose core and cladding are made of
materials of refractive index 1.6 and 1.5 respectively.
a) 0.55677
b) 55.77
c) 0.2458
d) 0.647852

79) The Snell’s law can be derived from which type of incidence?
a) Incidence angle
b) Reflected angle
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Basic Science - Physics MCQ of Optics

c) Refracted angle
d) Oblique incidence

80) Calculate the ratio of sine of incident angle to the sine of reflected angle when the refractive
indices of medium 1 and 2 are given as 2.33 and 1.66 respectively.
a) 0.71
b) 1.4
c) 2
d) 3.99

81) For a critical angle of 60 degree and the refractive index of the first medium is 1.732, the
refractive index of the second medium is
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 2
d) 1.66

82) Numerical aperture is expressed as the

a) NA = sin θa
b) NA = cos θa
c) NA = tan θa
d) NA = sec θa

83) In step index optical fiber, the R.I. of,

(A) Core is uniform throughout the fiber same (B) Core &
cladding is
(C) Core is changing from axis to boundary (D) None of these
Answer:- Option A

84) The light gathering power of optical fiber is called as

a. Acceptance angle (B) Numerical aperture
(C) Acceptance cone (D) All of these
Answer:- Option B

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2. For Boyle’s law, which is true ----

(A)P and V Changes, but T is constant (B) P and T Changes, but V is constant
(C)T and V Changes, but P is constant (D) All P, V, T are changing
Answer:- Option A

3. Temperature at NTP condition is ---------

(A) 0 0C (B) 0 K
(C) 25 0C (D) 100 0C
Answer:- Option A

4. For fixed mass of gas if its temperature (0C) is doubled without changing its volume, what is
its pressure ---------
(A) it is doubled (B) it remains same
(C) no change (D) it is halved
Answer:- Option D

5. 1 cal =--------------------J
(A) 6.63 (B) 4.184
(C) 4184 (D) 1484
Answer:- Option B

6. Mode of transfer of heat through bodily movement of particles is -----------

(A)Conduction (B) convection
(C) radiation (D) none of above
Answer:- Option B

7. On providing heat to the body, if it does not increase its internal energy then body is said to be in
the state of ---------
(A)Standard state (B) Normal state
(C) Steady state (D) None of above
Answer:- Option C

8. Liquid nitrogen has temperature -180 0C then its temperature in Kelvin is---
(A) 180 K (B) 93 K
(C) -93 K (D) 453 K
Answer:- Option B

9. Average measure of Kinetic energy of all particles within body is known as ---------
(A)temperature (B) heat
(C) power (D) none of above
Answer:- Option A

10. SI Unit of heat is ---------

(A) Kcal (B) cal
(C) joule (D) watt

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Answer:- Option C

11. SI Unit of temperature is ----------------

(A)Celsius (B) Kelvin
(C) Fahrenheit (D) none of above
Answer:- Option B

12. If temperature difference between opposite faces of the rod of length 100 cm is100 0C,
then temperature gradient is ----------
(A)100 0C/m (B) 10000 0C/m
(C) 1 0C/m (D) none of the above
Answer:- Option A

13. Zero Kelvin is equals to-------

(A) 0 0C (B) 273 0C
(C) – 273 0C (D) -100 0C
Answer:- Option C

14. Zero degree Celsius is equals to ------

(A) 32 0F (B) 2730F
(C) -32 0F (D) none of above
Answer:- Option A
Explanation:- Because 0C=0F-32/1.8

15. SI Unit of temperature gradient is-------

(A) 0C / m (B) C/ cm
(C) K/m (D) K
Answer:- Option C
Explanation:- If we see radially outward from the core axis, there is step (sudden) change in R.I. at the core- cladding
interface.

16. Based on variation of R.I of core, the two types of optical fiber are,
(A)Step index and single mode (B) Step index and Graded index
(C) Graded index and multimode (D) Single mode and multimode
Answer:- Option B
Explanation:- These are the types of optical fiber based on variation of refractive index of core

17. In single mode step index optical fiber, for light

(A) There are many zigzag paths (B) There is only one zigzag
path
(C) There are many curved paths (D) There is only one curved path
Answer:- Option B
Explanation:- As the name suggest there is only one zigzag path

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18. Heating produces of body

(A)Solidification (B) Expansion
(C) Contraction (D) None of above
Answer:- Option B
Explanation:- Heating produces expansion of body.

19. Which of the following is a correct statement

(A)Temperature is a cause and Heat is its effect (B) Heat and temperature both are causes
(C) Heat and temperature both are effects (D) Heat is a cause and Temperature is its effect
Answer:- Option D
Explanation:- Due to increase in heat, temperature increases.

20. The fastest process of heat transfer is

(A)Conduction (B) Convection
(C) Radiation (D) Refraction
Answer:- Option C
Explanation:- Radiation is the fastest process because in this case the transfer of heat takes place at the speed of light.

21. A metal rod 19cm long, of area 0.79cm2 has a temperature difference of 700C.Calculate the
heat flowing in 5 minute (Given K=380W/m0K)
(A)790 cal (B) 890 cal
(C) 789 cal (D) 629 cal
Answer:- Option A

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22. Unit of temperature gradient is,

(A) m / 0C (B) Sec / 0C
(C) 0C / m (D) 0C / sec
Answer:- Option C

23. The state in which temperature of substance goes on increasing w.r.t time is called
(A) Variable state (B) Steady state(C) Normal state (D) Critical state
Answer:- Option A
24. Heat absorbed by the material > Heat given out by the material is concerned with,
(A) Normal state (B) Critical state
(C) Variable state (D) Steady state
Answer:- Option C

25. Heat absorbed by the material=Heat given out by the material is concerned with,
(A) Normal state (B) Critical state
(C) Variable state (D) Steady state
Answer:- Option D

26. Heat flowing through material of rod of unit area, in 1 sec for unit temperature
gradientat steady state is known as,
(A)Conductivity (B) Heat Constant
(C) Coefficient of thermal conductivity (D) Thermal constant
Answer:- Option C

27. As per law of thermal conductivity, amount of heat flowing through the rod is
(A) Directly proportional to cross sectional area (B) Directly
proportional to temperature gradient
(C) Directly proportional to time (D) All of these
Answer:- Option D

28. The SI unit of coefficient of thermal conductivity is,

(A)Watt-m-K (B) Watt/m-K
(C) m K/Watt (D) m/watt-K
Answer:- Option B

29. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of good conductors of heatis,

(A) Low (B) Medium
(C) High (D) None of these
Answer:- Option C

30. Which of the following material is not a bad conductor of heat?

(A)Plastic (B) Wood
(C) Mica (D) Plastic & mica both
Answer:- Option C
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31. Which of the following material is not a good conductor ofheat?

(A) Thermocole (B) Mica
(C) Thermocole & mica both (D) Copper
Answer:- Option A

32. Thermal resistor is - the thermal conductivity.

(A)Reciprocal of (B) Equal to
(C) Addition of (D) None of these
Answer:- Option A

33. Which type of material is used as a heat sink in electronic circuits?

(A) Bad conducting (B) Conducting
(C) Semiconducting (D) All of these
Answer:- Option B

34. Condenser coil in refrigerator is ideally made up of,

(A)Bad conductor (B) Insulator
(C) Semiconducting (D) Good Conductor
Answer:- Option D

35. Davy’s safety lamp is covered by,

(A)Insulating material (B) Good conducting material
(C) Semiconducting material (D) None of these
Answer:- Option B

36. Which material is used in Ice box?

(A)Bad conducting material (B) Good conducting material
(C) Semiconducting material (D) None of these
Answer:- Option A

37. Handle of cooker is made up of,

(A) Good conducting material (B) Semiconducting material
(C) Aluminum (D) Bad conducting material
Answer:- Option D
38. Room
ventilation, Formation of trade winds, sea breeze are the applications of
(A)Conduction (B) Convection
(C) Radiation (D) All of the above
Answer:- Option B

39. Heat radiations in

car, use of white clothes in summer are applications of
(A)Conduction (B) Convection
(C) Radiation (D) All of the above
Answer:- Option C
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40. Radiation can

(A)Travel through vacuum (B) Travel with speed of light
(C) Reflect, Refract (D) All of these
Answer:- Option D

41. For a fixed mass of gas, Temperature of gas remaining constant, Its pressure is
inversely proportional to its volume is,
(A)Boyle’s law (B) Charle’s Law
(C) Gay Lussac’s law (D) Newton’s law
Answer:- Option A

42. For a fixed mass of gas, pressure of gas remaining constant, Its Volume is
directly proportional to its absolute temperature is,
(A) Boyle’s law(B) Charle’s Law
(C) Gay Lussac’s law (D) Newton’s law
Answer:- Option B

43. For a fixed mass of gas, volume of gas remaining constant, its pressure is
directlyproportional to its absolute temperature is,
(A)Boyle’s law (B) Charle’s Law
(C) Gay Lussac’s law (D) Newton’s law
Answer:- Option C

44. A hot air balloon is an example of,

(A)Boyle’s law (B) Charle’s Law
(C) Gay Lussac’s law (D) Newton’s law
Answer:- Option B

45. If temperature of gas

remains constant then the pressure of gas will be
(A)Increase with increase in volume (B) Decrease with decrease in volume
(C) Increase with decrease in volume (D) None of these
Answer:- Option C
46. If pressure of a gas remains
constant, then volume of gas will
(A) Increase with temperature (B) Decrease with temperature
(C) Increase with decrease in temperature (D) Decrease with increase in temperature
Answer:- Option A

47. The general gas equation is given by,

(A)V=PRT (B) PT=VR
(C) P=VRT (D) PV=RT
Answer:- Option D
48. Ideal gas equation is given by,
(A) V=PKT (B) PT=VK
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Basic Science - Physics MCQ of Optics
(C) P=VKT (D) PV=KT
Answer:- Option D
49. At N.T.P normal temperature =
(A) 2730C (B) -2730C
(C) 273 K (D) 0 K
Answer:- Option C

50. At N.T.P normal temperature =

(A) 2730C (B) -2730C
(C) 00C (D) 0 K
Answer:- Option C

51. At N.T.P, pressure P =

(A)1cm of Hg (B) 76cm of Hg
(C) 1N/m 2 (D) 76 atmosphere
Answer:- Option B

52. At N.T.P, pressure P =

(A)1cm of Hg (B) 1 atmosphere
(C) 1N/m2 (D) 76 atmosphere
Answer:- Option B

53. Cooking becomes faster in pressure cooker because the increase in vapourpressure
(A) Increases specific heat (B) Decreases specific heat
(C) Decreases boiling point (D) Increases boiling point
Answer:- Option D

54. For 1 kg mole of a gas, the value of universal gas constant R in equation, PV=RT is,
(A) 83.149 J/K kg mole (B) 0.83149 J/K kg mole
(C) 8314.91 J/K kg mole (D) 4200 J/K kg mole
Answer:- Option C

55. Thickness of a plate is 10cm, the temperature of two faces are 900C and 600C.
Find the temperature gradient
(A) 300C/cm (B) 30C/cm
(C) 10C/cm (D) 70C/cm
Answer:- Option B

56. Thickness of a plate is 8cm. the temperature of two faces are 1000C and -200C.
Find the temperature gradient.
(A)100C/cm (B) 200C/cm
(C) 250C/cm (D) 150C/cm
Answer:- Option D

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57. A nickel plate of thickness 4mm has temperature difference of 32 0C between its
faces .It transmits 200 Kcal per hour through an area of 5 cm2.Calculate the conductivity of
nickel.
(A) 0.0139 Kcal/m0Csec (B) 2.0139 Kcal/m0Csec
(C) 2.4139 cal/m0Csec (D) None of these
Answer:- Option A

58. A glass bulb contains air at pressure of 76 cm of Hg at 27 0C when its volume is 100cc.It
is placed in oil at temperature of 570C. What will be the pressure inside, when the volume of the
bulb becomes 125cc?
(A) 120 cm of Hg (B) 66.88 cm of Hg
(C) 100 cm of Hg (D) 101 cm of Hg
Answer:- Option B

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59. An example for non-luminous object is,

(A) Candle (B) The sun
(C) An Electric Bulb (D) The moon
Answer:- Option D

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