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Group 3 Meal Plan

The document presents a meal plan for a 54-year-old female patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It includes her medical information, computations of her BMI, desirable body weight, total energy requirement, basal metabolic rate, and carbohydrate, protein, and fat distribution. The meal plan consists of mushroom soup, baked chicken breast, brown rice, cucumber and tomato salad, apple, and water. It also includes a food exchange list to track macronutrient intake for the meal, which meets 1/4 of her daily calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and fat requirements.

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72 views7 pages

Group 3 Meal Plan

The document presents a meal plan for a 54-year-old female patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It includes her medical information, computations of her BMI, desirable body weight, total energy requirement, basal metabolic rate, and carbohydrate, protein, and fat distribution. The meal plan consists of mushroom soup, baked chicken breast, brown rice, cucumber and tomato salad, apple, and water. It also includes a food exchange list to track macronutrient intake for the meal, which meets 1/4 of her daily calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and fat requirements.

Uploaded by

nic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERISTY

QUEZON CITY CAMPUS


COLLEGE OF NURSING

NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (NCMA 215)

MEAL PLAN FOR


DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II

PRESENTED TO:
Karla Mae Jamosmos, MAN, RN

SUBMITTED BY:
Alcesto, Nicolette Joy A.
Almario. Catherine
Casuco, Jamilette Erish L.
Collantes, Alexisse A.
Constantino, Kimberly Elise Q.
Dagsa, Cheska Maricarl
Orendain, Gregoria Grezhane L.
Refuncion, Ellyn
Sandoy, Heaven Angelin O.
Villasin, Cherry Ann S.

BSN 2-YC-1
I. GENERAL INFORMATION OF THE CASE

Patient’s Name : Elenita M. Cruz


Age : 54 years old
Gender : Female
Occupation : Street Vendor
Height : 152 cm
Weight : 67 kg
Religion : Roman Catholic
Diagnosis : Diabetes Mellitus Type II

II. MEDICAL INFORMATION OF THE DISEASE

What is Diabetes Mellitus?


- Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of insulin in the pancreas
or when there is a resistance or deficiency of available insulin resulting in hyperglycemia. It is
characterized by disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.

Type II DM
- Formerly called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
- It is characterized by defects in insulin release and use, and insulin resistance. Commonly occurs
in patients with obesity and those with genetic susceptibility to DM.

Pathophysiology
- Insulin resistance occurs in diabetes mellitus, wherein there is a decrease in tissue sensitivity to
insulin.
- In normal conditions, insulin binds to special receptors on the cell surfaces and initiates reactions
involved in glucose metabolism. However, in type 2 diabetes, these intracellular reactions are
diminished, making insulin less effective at stimulating glucose uptake by the tissues and at
regulating glucose release by the liver.
- If the beta cells cannot keep up with the increased demand for insulin, the glucose level rises and
type 2 diabetes develops.

Causes
- Poor diet & lifestyle
- Genes
- Obesity

Risk factors
Metabolic Syndrome (3 or more criteria)
- Blood pressure medications or High blood pressure (>130 systolic)
- Blood sugar medications or High blood sugar (>100)
- Obese waist size (Male: >35 , Female: >45)
- High cholesterol = clogged arteries (Total cholesterol: >200 , Triglycerides: >150 , LDL: >100)

Signs and symptoms


Caused by rising of blood sugar.
- increased hunger (polyphagia)
- increased thirst (polydipsia)
- increased urination (polyuria)
- blurry vision
- fatigue and weakness
- tingling or numbness in hands or feet
- dry skin
- skin lesions or wounds that are slow to heal
- recurrent infections (urinary, skin, vulva)

Common sign of insulin resistant:


- brownish & thickening of skin (neck & armpit) “acanthosis nigricans”
- hyperpigmentation/skin tag

Complications
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes and the less
you control your blood sugar, the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications
may be disabling or even life-threatening. Possible complications include:
- Neuropathy (nerve damage)
*can lead to diabetic feet
- Nephropathy (kidney failure)
- Retinopathy (eye blindness)
- Heart problems
- Brain problems

Based on the therapeutic diet for a specific disease condition, diabetes mellitus patients need a well-
balanced diet.

What is regular diet?


- A regular diet is a healthy meal plan that includes a variety of healthy foods from all the food
groups essential for optimal growth, tissue repair, and the normal functioning of organs. It should
include all of the characteristics of a healthy diet, which means it should be balanced, adequate in
nutrients, moderate in all foods, include a variety of foods, and be calorie-controlled. This should
include a healthy foundation of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, lean proteins (including
beans and legumes), low-fat dairy foods, and sources of healthy fats, but it still allows for the
occasional favorite treat. Its purpose is to provide a well-balanced diet and ensure that individuals
who do not require dietary modifications receive adequate nutrition. It can also be referred to as a
general or normal diet because it does not include any dietary restrictions.

III. COMPUTATIONS

Baseline Data
- 54 years old
- Female
- Weight: 67 kg
- Height: 152 cm
- Physical Activity: Moderate, 40 (Vendor)

A. Body Mass Index (BMI)


Formula: kg/m 2

1 m = 100 cm
1m
152 cm x = 1.52 m
100 cm

67 kg = 67 = 28.99 or 29
¿¿ 2.3104

BMI Interpretation: 29, Overweight

B. Desirable Body Weight (DBW)


Adults (Tanhausser’s Method)
Formula: ht. in cm – 100 – (10%)

= 152 cm – 100 – (10%)


= 52 cm – (10%)
= 52 cm – 5.2
DBW = 46.8 kg

C. Total Energy Requirement (TER)


Adults (Krause Method)
Formula: DBW x PA value

= 46.8 x 40
TER = 1,872 cal/day

D. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)


1 kcal/kg/hr (Male)
0.9 kcal/kg/hr (Female)
Formula: kcal x wt. in kg x hr

= 0.9 kcal x 67 kg x 24
BMR = 1,447.2 or 1,447 cal

E. CPF Distribution

Method 5: C – 50% , P – 20% , F – 30%


CHO = 1,872 x 0.50 = 936 /4 = 234 g/day
CHON = 1,872 x 0.20 = 374.4 /4 = 93.6 or 94 g/day
FATS = 1,872 x 0.30 = 561.6 /9 = 62.4 or 62 g/day
IV. CONTENT OF THE MEAL

For Dinner:

A. Mushroom Soup
2/3 cup mushroom, canned
1 tsp olive oil
1 small-sized red onion
½ tsp whole wheat flour
2 cloves garlic, minced
¼ cup low-fat milk
½ water
Salt & pepper to taste

B. Baked Chicken Breast


¼ or 30 grams chicken breast, baked
½ lemon
1 tsp olive oil
½ tsp garlic powder
½ tsp onion powder
½ tsp oregano
Salt & pepper to taste

C. Rice
½ cup brown rice, cooked

D. Vegetable
Cucumber & Tomato Salad:
1 cup cucumber, sliced
1 cup tomatoes, sliced
1 small-sized red onion, sliced
¼ tsp garlic, minced
½ cup white vinegar
1 tsp brown sugar
Salt & pepper to taste

E. Fruit
½ piece apple

F. Beverage
Water

V. FOOD EXCHANGE LIST

FOOD NO. OF SIZE PER FOOD CHO CHO FATS


LIST ENERGY
GROUP EXCHANGE SERVING ITEMS (g) N (g) (g)
IA Vegetable 2 2 cups Cucumber - - - -
A & tomato
salad, raw
Vegetable 3x2 = 1x2 =
IB 2 2/3 cup Mushroom 16x2 = 32 -
B 6 2
II Fruit 1 1/2 piece Apple 40 10 - -
Low fat
III Milk 1 1/4 cup 125 12 8 5
milk
Brown rice,
IV Rice 1 1/2 cup 100 23 2 -
cooked
Meat & Chicken
1/4 or 30
V Fish: 1 breast, 41 - 8 1
grams
Low fat baked
VI Fat 2 2 teaspoons Olive oil 45x2 = 90 - - 5x2 = 10
Brown 5x2 =
VII Sugar 2 2 teaspoons 20x2 = 40 - -
sugar 10
TOTAL: 468 61 g 20 g 16 g

TER – 1,872 cal/day


C – 234 g CHO/day
P – 94 g CHON/day
F – 62 g FATS/day

Required ENERGY, CHO, CHON & FATS for Dinner:

1,872
 = 468 cal
4

234
 = 59 g CHO
4

94
 = 24 g CHON
4

62
 = 16 g FATS
4

REFERENCE/S:
 https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-nclex-questions/#:~:text=Diabetes%20mellitus%20is%20a
%20disorder,available%20insulin%20resulting%20in%20hyperglycemia.
 https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/western-mindanao-state-university/nursing/a-case-study-in-nutrition-
and-diet-therapy/22337545
 https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/central-mindanao-university/ms-food-science/case-study-final-
nd60/28224283

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