Scribd
Upload
56 views

Properties of Multiplication

- Multiplication of integers is closed, meaning the product of two integers is always an integer. Some examples of integer multiplication are (-5) x (-6) = 30 and 15 x (-10) = -150. - Multiplication is commutative for integers, so the order of factors does not matter. For example, (-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8). - Multiplication is associative for integers, so the grouping of factors does not change the result. For example, (-6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) both equal -72. - The distributive property holds

Uploaded by

mihslandscaping
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
56 views

Properties of Multiplication

- Multiplication of integers is closed, meaning the product of two integers is always an integer. Some examples of integer multiplication are (-5) x (-6) = 30 and 15 x (-10) = -150. - Multiplication is commutative for integers, so the order of factors does not matter. For example, (-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8). - Multiplication is associative for integers, so the grouping of factors does not change the result. For example, (-6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) both equal -72. - The distributive property holds

Uploaded by

mihslandscaping
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Properties of Multiplication

Closure under Multiplication


Closure property under multiplication states the product of
two integers will always be an integer.
Let’s consider the following pairs of integers.
(-5) x (-6) = 30 (Result is an integer)
15 x (-10) = -150 (Result is an integer)
(-7) x (-8) = 56 (Result is an integer)
Since multiplication of integers gives integers, we say integers are closed
under multiplication.
In general, a × b is an integer, for all integers a and b.

Commutativity for Multiplication


Commutative property of multiplication states that
swapping of terms will not change the product.
Let’s consider the following examples.
(-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8)
(-11) x 100 = 100 x (-11)
(-19) x 0 = 0 x (-19)
So, we can say that multiplication is commutative for integers.
In general, for any two integers a and b, we can say a x b = b x a

Associativity for Multiplication


Associative property of multiplication states that the way
of grouping of numbers will not change the result.
Let’s consider the following example.
(–6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3)
In the first case (–4) and (–3) are grouped together and in the second
(–6) and (–4) are grouped together.
(–6) x [(–4) x (–3)] = (-6) x 12 = (-72)
[(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) = 24 x (-3) = (-72)
In both the cases, we get –72.
So, Multiplication is associative for integers.
In general, for any three integers a, b and c , (a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

Distributive Property
Distributive property of multiplication explains the
distributing ability of an operation over another
mathematical operation within a bracket.
It can be either distributive property of multiplication over
addition or distributive property of multiplication over
subtraction.
Let’s consider the following example.
(–2) × (3 + 5) = –2 × 8 = –16 and;
[(–2) × 3] + [(–2) × 5] = (– 6) + (–10) = –16
So, (–2) × (3 + 5) = [(–2) × 3] + [(–2) × 5]
In general, for any integers a, b and c, a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c
a × (b - c) = a × b - a × c

Multiplication by Zero
This property of multiplication states that the product of
any integer (positive or negative) and zero is zero.
Let’s consider the following examples.
(-98) x 0 = 0
0 x 67 = 0
So, we can say that multiplication of any integer and zero gives zero.
In general, for any integer a, a × 0 = 0 × a = 0

Multiplicative Identity
Multiplicative identity property states that when we
multiply one to any integer, we will get the integer itself as
the product.
Let’s observe the following examples:
(– 16) x 1 = – 16
1 x (– 81) = – 81
The above examples show that 1 is the multiplicative identity for integers
also.
In general, for any integer a we have, a × 1 = 1 × a = a

You might also like