Scribd
Upload
150 views3 pages

Properties of Multiplication

- Multiplication of integers is closed, meaning the product of two integers is always an integer. Some examples of integer multiplication are (-5) x (-6) = 30 and 15 x (-10) = -150. - Multiplication is commutative for integers, so the order of factors does not matter. For example, (-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8). - Multiplication is associative for integers, so the grouping of factors does not change the result. For example, (-6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) both equal -72. - The distributive property holds

Uploaded by

mihslandscaping
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
150 views3 pages

Properties of Multiplication

- Multiplication of integers is closed, meaning the product of two integers is always an integer. Some examples of integer multiplication are (-5) x (-6) = 30 and 15 x (-10) = -150. - Multiplication is commutative for integers, so the order of factors does not matter. For example, (-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8). - Multiplication is associative for integers, so the grouping of factors does not change the result. For example, (-6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) both equal -72. - The distributive property holds

Uploaded by

mihslandscaping
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Properties of Multiplication

Closure under Multiplication


Closure property under multiplication states the product of
two integers will always be an integer.
Let’s consider the following pairs of integers.
(-5) x (-6) = 30 (Result is an integer)
15 x (-10) = -150 (Result is an integer)
(-7) x (-8) = 56 (Result is an integer)
Since multiplication of integers gives integers, we say integers are closed
under multiplication.
In general, a × b is an integer, for all integers a and b.

Commutativity for Multiplication


Commutative property of multiplication states that
swapping of terms will not change the product.
Let’s consider the following examples.
(-8) x (-12) = (-12) x (-8)
(-11) x 100 = 100 x (-11)
(-19) x 0 = 0 x (-19)
So, we can say that multiplication is commutative for integers.
In general, for any two integers a and b, we can say a x b = b x a

Associativity for Multiplication


Associative property of multiplication states that the way
of grouping of numbers will not change the result.
Let’s consider the following example.
(–6) x [(–4) x (–3)] and [(–6) x (–4)] x (–3)
In the first case (–4) and (–3) are grouped together and in the second
(–6) and (–4) are grouped together.
(–6) x [(–4) x (–3)] = (-6) x 12 = (-72)
[(–6) x (–4)] x (–3) = 24 x (-3) = (-72)
In both the cases, we get –72.
So, Multiplication is associative for integers.
In general, for any three integers a, b and c , (a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

Distributive Property
Distributive property of multiplication explains the
distributing ability of an operation over another
mathematical operation within a bracket.
It can be either distributive property of multiplication over
addition or distributive property of multiplication over
subtraction.
Let’s consider the following example.
(–2) × (3 + 5) = –2 × 8 = –16 and;
[(–2) × 3] + [(–2) × 5] = (– 6) + (–10) = –16
So, (–2) × (3 + 5) = [(–2) × 3] + [(–2) × 5]
In general, for any integers a, b and c, a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c
a × (b - c) = a × b - a × c

Multiplication by Zero
This property of multiplication states that the product of
any integer (positive or negative) and zero is zero.
Let’s consider the following examples.
(-98) x 0 = 0
0 x 67 = 0
So, we can say that multiplication of any integer and zero gives zero.
In general, for any integer a, a × 0 = 0 × a = 0

Multiplicative Identity
Multiplicative identity property states that when we
multiply one to any integer, we will get the integer itself as
the product.
Let’s observe the following examples:
(– 16) x 1 = – 16
1 x (– 81) = – 81
The above examples show that 1 is the multiplicative identity for integers
also.
In general, for any integer a we have, a × 1 = 1 × a = a

You might also like