WORKSHEET

2
RESISTORS IN PARALLEL

DATA:

INSTRUCTION
Connect a 270 resistor, a 1k resistor and a
2.2k resistor in parallel, as shown in the circuit
diagram.

Use extra connecting links so that the current can

be measured at points A, B, C and D. The
photograph shows one way to do this.
TABLE 1
Set the power supply to give a 4.5V output.
Remove the connecting link at A, and connect a Power supply voltage 4.5V
Current at point A in mA 23.212mA
multimeter, set to read up to 2mA DC, in its place.
Current at point B in mA 16.667mA
The photograph shows the multimeter in position
Current at point C in mA 4.5000mA
to do this. Record the current flowing at point A in
Current at point D in mA 2.0455mA
the table.
Current at point E in mA 23.212mA
Remove the multimeter and replace link A. Voltage across R1(270-ohm resistor) 4.5000V
Remove the connecting link at B and use a Voltage across R2(1k-ohm resistor) 4.5000V
multimeter to measure the current here. Record the
Voltage across R3(2.2kk-ohm resistor) 4.5000V
current flowing at point B, in the able.
TABLE 2
In the same way, measure the current at points C, Power supply voltage 4.5V
D and E and record them. Set up the multimeter to Average of currents at A and E in mA 3.212mA
read DC voltages of about 5V and connect it in Total of currents, I, at B, C and D in mA 3.212mA
parallel with resistor R1, as shown. Record the Average voltage across resistors VS 4.5000V
voltage in the table. Then set the multimeter up to Total resistance RT = VS / I 193.8652-ohm
read the voltages across R2 and R3 and record Total resistance from 1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 193.8642-ohm
them in the table.
CONCLUSION

Using the formula ohms law by calculating the

total resistance gives more higher answer
number in decimal for the reason that the
given are come from the simulation but the
formula 1/R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 gives more
accurate answer for the reason that the given
is complete and unchanged and its already
exist.
 WORKSHEET 3
SERIES AND PARALLEL CERCUIT
DATA:
INSTRUCTION
Connect a 270-ohm resistor, a 1k-ohm resistor and a
2.2k-ohm resistor, as shown in the circuit diagram. The
270-ohm and 1k-ohm resistor are in series, while the
2.2k-ohm resistor is in parallel with the combination.
Use extra connecting links so that the current can be
measured at points A, B, C and D. The photograph
shows one way to do this. Set the power supply to give
a 4.5V output.
TABLE 1
Remove the connecting link at A and connect a Power supply voltage 4.5V
multimeter to read the current at A. Record the Current at point A in mA 5.5888mA
measurement in the table. Current at point B in mA 2.0455mA
Current at point C in mA 3.5433mA
Remove the multimeter and replace link A. Remove the Current at point D in mA 5.5888mA
Voltage across R1 (270-ohm resistor) 956.69mV
connecting link at B and use a multimeter to measure Voltage across R2(1k-ohm resistor) 3.5433v
the current here. Record the current flowing at point B, Voltage across R3(2.2k-ohm resistor) 4.5v
in the table.
TABLE 2
In the same way, measure the current at points C, and Power supply voltage 4.5V
D and record them. Set up the multimeter to read the Average of currents at A and D in mA ( = I)
Sum of currents at B and C in mA
5.5888mA
5.5888mA
voltage across resistor R1. Record the voltage in the Sum of voltages across R 1 and R2 ( =VS) 4.49999V
Total resistance R T = VS / I 805.1800-ohm
table. Combined resistance of R 1 and R2 (in series) (=RC) 1270-ohm
Total resistance of all three resistors R T = RC x R3 / RC + R3 805.1873-ohm
Then connect the multimeter up to read the voltage
across R2 and R3, in turn, and record them in the table. CONCLUSION
Think of reasons why these two approaches
might give different values for RT. Which, do
you think, gives the more reliable result? The formula of Rt
in (Rc)(R3)/Rc+R3
is more reliable
since the given are
more accurate than
the one that the
simulation provide.

For the circuit shown opposite, calculate CALCULATION ANSWER

Total Resistance (6K)(8K+4K)/6K+(8K+4K)= 12k-ohm 12K-ohm
Current at P OHMS LAW It=Vt/Rt=6v/4000=1.5mA 1.5 Ma
Voltage across R3, the 6k-ohm resistor V3 = (1mA)(6000ohm) = 6V 6V
Current at R Ir = 1.5mA(12k-ohm/6k-ohm+12ohmk) = 0.1mA 1mA
Current at Q Iq = 1.5mA(6k-ohm/12k-ohm+6k-ohm = 0.5mA 0.5mA
Voltage across R1, the 8k-ohm resistor Vr1 = 6v(8k-ohm/8k-ohm+4k-ohm) = 4v 4v
 A211L LAB
WORKSHEET
RESISTORS IN SERIES

INSTRUCTION DATA:
Connect a 270ohm resistor, a 1kohm resistor and a
2.2kohm resistor in series with the power supply, as
shown in the circuit diagram. Use extra connecting
links so that the current can be measured at points
A, B, C and D.
The photograph shows one way to build the circuit.
Set the power supply to give a 4.5V output. Remove
the connecting link at A, and connect a multimeter,
set to read up to 2mA DC, in its place. Record the
current flowing at point A in the table. Remove the
multimeter and replace link A. Remove the
connecting link at B and use a multimeter to
measure the current here. Record the current
flowing at point B, in the table. In the same way,
measure the current at points Cand D and record
them. Set up the multimeter to read DC voltages of
about 5V and connect it in parallel with resistor R1,
as shown. Record the voltage in the table. In the TABLE 1
same way, measure and record the voltages across Power supply voltage 4.5V 9V
R2 and R3. Now change the power supply voltage Current at point A in mA 1.2968mA 2.5937mA

to 9V and repeat the whole process with the new Current at point B in mA
Current at point C in mA
1.2968mA
1.2968mA
2.5937mA
2.5937mA
supply voltage Current at point D in mA 1.2968mA 2.5937mA
Voltage across R1 270ohm resistor. 350.14mV 700.29mV
Voltage across R2 1k ohm resistor. 1.2968V 2.5937V
There are two ways to calculate the total resistance, Voltage across R3 23.2k ohm resistor. 2.8530V 5.7061V
RT, of the resistors. We can use I and VS in the
TABLE 2
formula R = V/I, from Ohm’s Law. Calculate the
total resistance in this way and enter the result in Power supply voltage 4.5V 9V
the table. Average current I in mA 1.2968mA 2.5937mA
Total voltage Vs across all resistors 4.5V 9V
Total resistance Rt = Vs/I 3.47008k ohm 3.46994k ohm
The total resistance of three resistors connected in Total resistance Rt = R1 + R2 + R3 3.470k ohm 3.470k ohm
series is equal to the sum of their resistance
CONCLUSION
Calculate the total resistance in this way and write
the result in the table.
The formula Rt=R1+R2+R3 is more
accurate when the resistance is given
Compare the two values for the total resistance.
absolute in the circuit for the reason that the
Think of reasons why these might be different.
reading in voltage is not accurate in decimal
places that’s the reason why Vs/I=Rt is little
bet un accurate.