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1.3 Solving Linear System

This document discusses two methods for solving systems of linear equations: Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan elimination. Gaussian elimination transforms the matrix into row echelon form using elementary row operations. Gauss-Jordan elimination transforms the matrix into reduced row echelon form. The document provides examples of using both methods to solve systems of linear equations. Exercises at the end ask the reader to solve additional systems using the two methods.

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39 views

1.3 Solving Linear System

This document discusses two methods for solving systems of linear equations: Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan elimination. Gaussian elimination transforms the matrix into row echelon form using elementary row operations. Gauss-Jordan elimination transforms the matrix into reduced row echelon form. The document provides examples of using both methods to solve systems of linear equations. Exercises at the end ask the reader to solve additional systems using the two methods.

Uploaded by

CT Mar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

3 : Solving System of Linear Equations

Method 1 : Gaussian Elimination

The Gaussian elimination method refers to a strategy used to obtain the row-
echelon form of a matrix. The goal is to write matrix A with the number 1 as the
entry down the main diagonal and have all zeros below.

The first step of the Gaussian strategy includes obtaining a 1 as the first entry, so
that row 1 may be used to alter the rows below.

IMPORTANT NOTE: WE WILL FOCUS ON GETTING OUT MATRIX IN


REDUCED ROW ECHELON FORM WHICH WILL LOOK LIKE THIS;

Given an augmented matrix, perform row operations to achieve row-echelon


form.

1. The first equation should have a leading coefficient of 1. Interchange rows


or multiply by a constant, if necessary.
2. Use row operations to obtain zeros down the first column below the first
entry of 1.
3. Use row operations to obtain a 1 in row 2, column 2.
4. Use row operations to obtain zeros down column 2, below the entry of 1.
5. Use row operations to obtain a 1 in row 3, column 3.

SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS


Example 1: Solve the following system of equation

Solution:

Write the system of equations to augmented matrix.


Change to 0

Change to 1

Change to 0

Back Substitute to solve the system

Change to 1

The system corresponding to this matrix is

Example 2: Solve the following system of equation


SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Solution:

Back Substitute to solve the system

Method 2: Gauss Jordan Elimination

Solve the following system of equation


We will now perform row operations until we obtain a matrix in
reduced row echelon form.

SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS


Solution:

Therefore, x = 1 ; y = -1 ; z = 2

SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS


Exercises:

Solve the following system of equation by using Gaussian Elimination


a.
Answer:

b.
Answer:

C. Answer: x=2,y=1,z=1/2

d. Answer: x=1 ,y=3 ,z=2

e. Answer: x=-3,y=1, z=4

f. Answer: x=1,y=3,z=5

2.. Solve the following systems using Gauss Jordan Elimination Method.

SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS


1. x + y=2
2 x − z =1
2 y − 3 z=−1
x=1 y=1 z=1

2. 4 p − 3 q+2 r=− 7
6 p+2 q −3 r =33
2 p − 4 q −r =−3
5
p= q=3 r =−4
2

3. 7 x − 8 y +5 z=18
− 4 x +5 y − 3 z =−11
x − y + z=1
x=2 y=− 3 z=− 4

4. x + y + z=4
2 x − y+ 2 z=5
x − 2 y − z =−3
x=1 y=1 z=2

5. u+3 v − w=7
5 u −7 v+ w=3
2 u −v −2 w=0
u=3 v=2 w=2

SMB 10113 ELEMENTARY ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

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