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This document outlines a final year project on sport and exercise. It identifies two variables - sport and exercise - and lists objectives related to physical and mental health. Hypotheses predict that sport will enhance fitness and social bonds through competition, while exercise will improve cardiovascular health, strength, and flexibility. The sample will be 200 college teachers, assessed using questionnaires on physical activity, health, sport satisfaction, exercise motivation, and team cohesion. Stratified random sampling will be used, and analyses will include descriptive statistics, correlations, t-tests/ANOVA and regressions to compare groups and explore relationships between variables.

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Aniqa waheed
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17 views

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This document outlines a final year project on sport and exercise. It identifies two variables - sport and exercise - and lists objectives related to physical and mental health. Hypotheses predict that sport will enhance fitness and social bonds through competition, while exercise will improve cardiovascular health, strength, and flexibility. The sample will be 200 college teachers, assessed using questionnaires on physical activity, health, sport satisfaction, exercise motivation, and team cohesion. Stratified random sampling will be used, and analyses will include descriptive statistics, correlations, t-tests/ANOVA and regressions to compare groups and explore relationships between variables.

Uploaded by

Aniqa waheed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Final year project

Topic:” selection are sport and exercise’


Variable 1: Sport Phenomenon: Dynamic physical activities encompassing competitive games
and individual pursuits, fostering athleticism, skill development, and team camaraderie.
Variable 2: Exercise Phenomenon: Purposeful bodily movements performed regularly to
enhance or maintain physical fitness, encompassing activities like jogging, weightlifting, and
yoga.
Objective
1.Promote physical health and well-being through engaging and competitive activities.
2.Cultivate teamwork, discipline, and sportsmanship among participants.
3.Provide a platform for skill development and the pursuit of excellence in specific athletic
endeavors.
4.Improve overall physical fitness, including cardiovascular health, strength, and flexibility.
5.Encourage the adoption of a healthy and active lifestyle for individuals of all ages.
6.Support weight management and reduce the risk of various health issues.
Hypothesis for Sport (Variable 1): Engaging in dynamic physical activities within the
realm of sport is expected to lead to:
Enhanced physical fitness levels due to the demanding nature of competitive games and
individual pursuits.
Improved athletic performance through the continual development of skills and techniques.
Strengthened social bonds and teamwork skills as a result of participating in team-oriented
activities.
Hypothesis for Exercise (Variable 2):
Regular participation in purposeful bodily movements, as defined by exercise, is
anticipated to result in:
Improved cardiovascular health, owing to activities like jogging that enhance heart and lung
function.
Increased muscular strength and endurance through consistent weightlifting routines.
Enhanced flexibility and balance as a consequence of engaging in activities such as yoga.
Sample:
Sample Demographic Information:
Sample Description: College Teachers in the Field of Sport and Exercise
1. Gender Distribution:
100 male college teachers
100 female college teachers
2. Age Range:
The sample includes individuals aged between 30 and 55 years.
3. Work Experience:
Participants have a range of work experience in the field, with an average of 10 years of teaching
experience.
4. Nature of the Institute:
The sample comprises teachers from both government and private institutions involved in higher
education.
5. Educational Background:
All participants possess a minimum of a master's degree in a relevant field (e.g., sports science,
physical education, exercise physiology).
Data Collection Tools:
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ):
Developed by an international group of researchers, IPAQ is widely used to assess physical
activity across various domains, including work, transportation, and leisure time. It provides a
comprehensive measure of physical activity levels.
SF-36 Health Survey:
The Short Form 36 (SF-36) is a widely used generic health-related quality of life questionnaire
that includes a physical activity component. It was developed by the Medical Outcomes Study.
Sport Satisfaction Instrument (SSI):
Developed by Kimball and Freysinger, the SSI measures individuals' satisfaction with their sport
participation. It assesses various aspects, including the social environment, competition, and skill
development.
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES):
Developed by Kendzierski and DeCarlo, PACES is a self-report scale designed to measure
enjoyment in the context of physical activity. It helps gauge the pleasure and satisfaction derived
from exercise.
The Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI):
Markland and Ingledew developed EMI to assess individuals' reasons for engaging in exercise. It
includes factors such as health, appearance, and social motives.
Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire:
Developed by Godin and Shephard, this questionnaire assesses leisure-time physical activity. It
is particularly useful for capturing information about regular activities, such as jogging and other
recreational exercises.
Team Sport Assessment Procedure (TSAP):
The TSAP, developed by Carron and Ball, assesses the cohesion within sport teams. It focuses
on factors such as individual attractions to the group, group integration, and individual attraction
to the task.

Sampling Technique:
Stratified Random Sampling:
Statistical Analysis:
1. Descriptive Statistics:
 Utilize descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation) to summarize and
describe the main features of your sample, such as age, work experience, and
physical activity levels.
2. Correlation Analysis:
 Use correlation analysis to explore relationships between variables. For instance,
examine the correlation between the frequency of engagement in sports/exercise
and perceived physical fitness.
3. T-Tests or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA):
 Conduct t-tests or ANOVA to compare means between groups. I should
investigate if there are significant differences in physical fitness levels between
male and female college teachers.
4. Regression Analysis:
5. Chi-Square Test:

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