Data Dictionary in SAP ABAP Interview

Questions and Answers

1.) What is SAP ABAP?

ABAP (Advance Business Application Programing) contains in SAP Technical

Modules. ABAP is Application specific programming language used to create
application for SAP R/3 system. ABAP is used to develop reports, interfaces,
conversions, enhancements, forms and workflows objects. ABAP is 4th
generation programing language . Currently ABAP is located with JAVA as the
programming language for SAP NetWeaver Application server.

2.) How many ABAP/4 Editors in SAP ABAP?

There are two types of ABAP/4 Editors in SAP system.

1. SE80: SE80 is ABAP Development Workbench which allows to create

package, Program, Function Group, Function Module, Class/Interface,
Web Dynpro Comp./ Interface, BSP Application etc.
2. SE38: SE38 gives the scree ABAP Editor initial screen directly instead of
SE80 then choose program and create the program.

3.) What is sap data dictionary?

DDIC (Data Dictionary) is also know as ABAP Dictionary is center repository

storage area. DDIC allow us to create and maintain the repository objects
related to database which used in SAP system. In DDIC you can create table,
domain, data element, types, search help and lock objects etc. To use data
dictionary we will use Transaction code SE11.
4.) What are the Data Dictionary (DDIC) Objects in SAP ABAP?

To access DDIC (Data Dictionary) objects we will use transaction code SE11,
below mentions objects are some DDIC objects.

Tables: It is the first object of DDIC, Tables are defined in DDIC where we store
our data. To identify own custom table in SAP naming must start with Y & Z.

1.Domains: Domain is another object of DDIC which is used to maintain the

technical properties of field in table like data type, size etc. It is also used to
maintain value table of field to provide the search help of that field.

2.Data Type: Data type is another object of DDIC which has following objects:

Data Element: Data element contain Domain and field label of fields;
Parameters ID is also contain by data element in the further characteristics tab.

Structure: Structure is another object of DDIC which contain in Data type

object, Structure is used to store data in run time. Structure define in the
DDIC is the global structure and can be used in any program and any object.
To define a table type we must first define structure of that table type.

Table Type: Table type is another object of DDIC.

3.Search Help: Search help is another object of DDIC, search help created to
provide all possible entries of to the input parameters or input field as a search
help. Search help can be defined in two types.

1. Elementary search help: Elementary search help is created by using

single table.
2. Collective search help: Collective search help is created by using
multiple elementary search help.
4.Views: View is the virtual table, it does not stores data permanently it stores
the data only at run time like an structure.

Database View: Database view is created by joining multiple tables.

Maintenance View: Maintenance View used to maintain multiple table data

using the table maintenance generator (SM30) .

Help View: Help view is used to provide multiple possible entries in selection
method of elementary search help by combining multiple tables.

Projection View: Projection view is used to only hide the unwanted fields
from a table and create a new view to use only selected fields.

5.Lock Object: Lock object is used to lock the particular object which is using
by multiple users to avoid parallel access. Transaction code SM12 is used to
see the all locked objects list, here you can delete the locked object.

5.) Explain the Technical properties of database table.

We have some technical properties of DDIC object’s database table.

1. Delivery Class: Delivery class consist in Delivery and Maintenance tab of

Database table object, Delivery class used to specify type of table and it
is also used to control the transport of table data. We have 7 entries in
Delivery class A, C, E, G, L, W, S. We commonly use delivery class C, to
maintain the data in any client we will use delivery class A.
 2. Data Browser/ Table View Maint.: Data Browser/ Table View Maint is
also consisting in Delivery and maintenance tab of Database table
object, Data Browser/ Table View Maintenance contain 3
entries “Display/ Maintenance not allowed”, “Display and
Maintenance allowed” and “Display/ Maintenance allowed with
restriction”
3. Data Class: Data class specify the type of table; it contains 6 entries.
 APPL0: Mater data, Transparent table.
 APPL1: Transaction data, transparent table.
 APPL2: Organization and customizing.
 DDIM: Dimension table in BW.
 DFACT: Facts table in BW.
 DODS: ODS table in BW
4. Size Category: Size category is used to define initial space of defined
table in the database, Size category shows in technical settings-General
Properties. Commonly we used ‘0’ for in size category.
5. Buffering: It is also shown in technical settings-General
Properties. Commonly we used Buffering not allowed.
6. Enhancement Category: Enhancement category shown in Extras-
>Enhancement Category. We commonly used ‘’Can Be Enhanced”.
7. Table Maintenance Generator: Table Maintenance Generator shows in
Utilities tab of menu bar, it is used to create table in maintain entry in
production server by using transaction code SM30.

6.) What is TMG (Table Maintenance Generator)?

TMG (Table Maintenance Generator) is used to maintain the entries in

production system. By TMG you can create and delete entry directly in Table
by using Transaction code SM30.

To know about TMG (Table Maintenance Generator) please click on below link.

What is TMG?
7.) What is the difference between value table and check table?

The major difference between check table and value table is check table is
defined using foreign key concepts and value table is define to use in search
help. Value table defined in domain level. Check table can be used to retrieve
data from table in a program but value table can’t be used in program.

8.) Explain Search Help and Search Help Type.

Search help is another object of DDIC, search help created to provide all
possible entries of to the input parameters or input field as a search help.
Search help can be defined in two types.

1. Elementary search help: Elementary search help is created by using

single table.
2. Collective search help: Collective search help is created by using
multiple elementary search help.

9.) What are the Steps to Create Search Help?

To create Search Help we will follow the below mention steps.

STEP1). Enter Transaction Code SE11 in Command Box.

STEP2). Select the radio button of Search Help and enter the Search
Help name which you want to create and click on Create Button.

STEP3). Create Search Help dialogue box will open here select which
search help you want to create Elementary Search Help or Collective
Search Help.

STEP4). Dictionary Change search help window will open here enter Short
Description of your search help then in Definition tab enter table name
or view name from where you want to search data in selection method.
STEP5). In Parameter area enter search help parameter choose the Import
and Export Check box then enter the Lpos and Spos.

STEP6). Click on Save button your Search Help created.

To know the steps how to create search help please click on below link.

What is Search Help?

10.) How many types of database tables explain them?

We have three kind of tables which have own characteristics.

 Transparent tables
 Pooled Tables
 Cluster Tables
1. Transparent tables : Transparent tables has one to one relation in the table
definition in database. transparent table is used to store application data
which represent master and transactional data used by the application for
example master data of vendors stores in vendor master and customer data of
customer stores in customer master.

2. Pooled Tables : Pooled table has many to one relationship, Pooled table
has only primary index we can’t create secondary index in pooled
table. Pooled tables can be used to store control data screen sequences,
program parameters or temporary data. Several pooled tables can be
combined to form a table pool. The table pool corresponds to a physical table
of the database in which all the records of the allocated pooled tables are
stored.

For example : T040, T040A, B006, B007, B008, T001E – company code
depended address data.

3. Cluster Tables : Cluster tables has many to one relationship like pooled
table, In cluster table has only primary index like pooled table. Cluster table
has used when the constituent tables have a common primary key, the data
from these common primary key fields can be accessed simultaneously.
Cluster Table (BSEG, KONV, BSEC).

11.) how to create TMG(Table Maintenance Generator)?

To create a TMG (Table Maintenance Generator) we need to just follow the

below mention steps.

STEP1). Enter Transaction Code SE11 in Command Box.

STEP2). Select the radio button Database Table and enter the table name
for which you want to create TMG and click on change button.

STEP3). Now in the Dictionary change table window click on utilities in

menu bar and click on table maintenance generator.

STEP4). Enter &NC& in Authorization group, function group name in

function group enter screen number in overview screen or single scree
or click on find screen number button, then click on create button and
save.

12.) Define Include Structure.

Include Structure is used to add fields in our table or enhance the tables, It is
only used for standard table. Include structure can add multiple table.

13.) Define Append Structure.

Append Structure is used to add fields in our table or enhancements of the

table. Append structure can be used only in one table. Append structure can
be added only at the end of the table. Append structure used for costumes
table as well as standard tables
14.) What is Data Element?

Data element contain Domain and field label of fields; Parameters ID is also
contain by data element in the further characteristics tab.

15.) What is Domain?

Domain is another object of DDIC which is used to maintain the technical

properties of field in table like data type, size etc. It is also used to maintain
value table of field to provide the search help of that field.

16.) What are the important tables of DDIC?

Table Name Short Description

DD01L Domains

DD01T R/3 DD: domain texts

DD01V Generated Table for View

DD02L SAP Tables

DD02T SAP DD: SAP Table Texts

DD02V Generated Table for View

 DD03D Dynpro fields for table fields

DD03K Generated Table for View

DD03L Table Fields

DD03M Generated Table for View

DD03P Structure

DD03T DD: Texts for fields (language dependent)

DD03V Table fields view

DD04L Data elements

DD04T R/3 DD: Data element texts

DD04V Generated Table for View

DD05S Foreign key fields

DD05V View on foreign key fields

TSTC SAP Transaction Codes

TFDIR Function Module

SAP ABAP TABLES

17.) What is the data type of Currency field and Currency Key?

In SAP if we are using Currency type field in our table then we must assign the
currency field and currency key to that particular field, The data type of that
currency field is “CURR” and the currency key is “CUKY”.

18.) What is the data type of Quantity Field and Quantity Key?

In SAP if we are using quantity type field in our table then we must assign the
quantity field and quantity key to that particular field, The data type of that
quantity field is “QUAN” and the quantity key is “QUAN”.

19.) What is Hotkey?

Hotkey is the term refer in case of search help, Hotkey is used to select the
elementary search help from the collective search help.

20.) What is Lpos and Spos in search help.

Lpos and Spos is the position to coordinate with field is defined via Lpos ans
Spos.

Lpos: Lpos stands for list position of fields in search help results hit list.

Spos: Spos stands for selection position of fields in selection screen from
where we will select the value for search help.
21.) Hot to identify client dependent and client independent tables in SAP?

Client dependent tables first field must be MANDT field which is client name.
Client independent tables don’t have MANDT field.

22.) What is Key field and Non key field?

Key fields in tables not allow to system any duplicate entry of key field in table.
Key field has unique entries in table. to create a key field we have to click on
key check box .

Non Key fields are fields where key check box is unchecked.

23.) What is initial value check box?

Initial value check box is defined for field where we don’t want blank value in
field. If the initial value check box is checked for a field that define user must
have to enter specific value on the field you can’t remain blank it.

24.) Can we create the custom transaction code for table maintenance?

Yes we can create the custom transaction code for table maintenance by using
transaction code SE93 and enter the view name and update keyword in
Default values and enter the SM30 in transaction code.

25.) What is Foreign Key?

Key field is defined in a table is primary key and the same field is defined in
another table as key field is called a foreign key of that table. check table
concept is related with foreign key.

26.) What is Data Class in Data Dictionary?

Data Class is used to specify the type of table, data class contains 6 entries.

1.) APPL0: Mater data, Transparent table.

2.) APPL1: Transaction data, transparent table.
3.) APPL2: Organization and customizing.
4.) DDIM: Dimension table in BW.
5.) DFACT: Facts table in BW.
6.) DODS: ODS table in BW

27.) Name the function for custom search help in ABAP Program.

“F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST” is the function we can use to create

search help in ABAP Program. and the Structure we will use to import export
parameter is “DDSHRETVAL”.

28.) What are the methods of modifying SAP standard tables?

To modify standard tables we can use “Append Structure” and ” Customize

Includes”.

29.) How to create table in SAP DDIC.

STEP1). Enter Transaction Code SE11 in command box.

STEP2). Select Database Table radio button and enter the table name
then click on create button.

STEP3). Enter short description then fill delivery class and Data
browser and table maintenance in Delivery and Maintenance tab.

STEP4). Enter field name and data type or data element of fields in
Field tab.

STEP5.) Click on Technical Setting button fill data class and size
category in general properties tab of Technical setting.

STEP6.) Go to Extra in menu tab and click on enhancement category and

select can be enhanced radio button.

STEP7.) Now save and active the table.

To know more about How to Create SAP Tables in SAP ABAP click on below
mention link.

SAP ABAP TABLES

30.) What are the Data Types of SAP ABAP/4 DDIC?

Data Type Data Type Description

I Integer

D Date, Format will be (YYYYMMDD)

N Numerical Character String

C Character

F Floating

S Time Stamp (YYYYMMDDHHMMSS)

V Character String of Variable Length

P Amount of Counter Field

X Hexadecimal

31.) What are the Transaction codes related with DDIC?

Transaction Codes Description

SE01 Transport Organizer (Extended)

SE03 Transport Organizer Tools

SE06 Set Up Transport Organizer

SE07 CTS Status Display

SE09 Transport Organizer

SE10 Transport Organizer

SE11 ABAP Dictionary Maintenance

SE12 ABAP Dictionary Display

SE13 Maintain Technical Settings (Tables)

SE14 Utilities for Dictionary Tables

SE15 ABAP/4 Repository Information System

SE16N General Table Display

SE17 General Table Display

SM12 Display and Delete Locks

SM30 Call View Maintenance

SE54 Generate table view

 SE55 Internal table view maintenance call

SE56 Table view display DDIC call

SE57 Internal table view deletion call

DDIC

32). can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the database
physically?

No, if a transparent table exist in data dictionary it will be physically in

database because if we are creating a table then it will store in our database
physically. If we create transparent table in data dictionary and we didn’t
activate it then it will not shows in database.

33.) In Which language SAP is Developed?

SAP developed in ABAP/4 (Advance Business application Programming)

language. It is a 4th generation programing language. ABAP is Application
specific programming language used to create application for SAP R/3 system.

34.)What is RICEFW in SAP ABAP?

RICEFW stands for Reports, Interface, Conversion, Enhancements, Forms and

Workflow.
35.)What are the Transaction code For DDIC?

 SE01 Transport Organizer (Extended)

 SE03 Transport Organizer Tools
 SE06 Set Up Transport Organizer
 SE09 Transport Organizer
 SE10 Transport Organizer
 SE11 ABAP Dictionary Maintenance
 SE12 ABAP Dictionary Display
 SE13 Maintain Technical Settings (Tables)
 SE14 Utilities for Dictionary Tables
 SE15 ABAP/4 Repository Information System
 SE16N General Table Display
 SE17 General Table Display
 SM12 Display and Delete Locks
 SM30 Call View Maintenance
 SE54 Generate table view
 SE55 Internal table view maintenance call
 SE56 Table view display DDIC call
 SE57 Internal table view deletion call

36.) What is the function of Search Help?

“F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST”

37.) What is text table in DDIC?

Text table is created when we need to store explanatory data in multiple

language.
You Can Also Download The Pdf Version of Top 37 Data Dictionary in SAP
ABAP Interview Questions and