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Control Systems

The document summarizes a lab report on analyzing the impact of hysteresis on an ON-OFF temperature control system. The experiment measured the rising and lowering times of the system at different setpoints both with and without hysteresis. The results showed that incorporating hysteresis increased rising times but decreased lowering times. This is because hysteresis creates a buffer zone that prevents rapid switching and allows the system to maintain a slightly higher temperature during cooling. In conclusion, hysteresis improves the stability and performance of ON-OFF temperature control.

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Rafay Malik
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32 views

Control Systems

The document summarizes a lab report on analyzing the impact of hysteresis on an ON-OFF temperature control system. The experiment measured the rising and lowering times of the system at different setpoints both with and without hysteresis. The results showed that incorporating hysteresis increased rising times but decreased lowering times. This is because hysteresis creates a buffer zone that prevents rapid switching and allows the system to maintain a slightly higher temperature during cooling. In conclusion, hysteresis improves the stability and performance of ON-OFF temperature control.

Uploaded by

Rafay Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National University of Science and Technology, H-12.

ME-339 Control Engineering

Lab Report 9: ON-OFF Control of Temperature and Effect of


Hysteresis onTemperature Control System

Name: Abdul Rafay Malik

CMS ID: 344634

Section: ME-13-A

Submitted to: Sir Usman Ghani

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME)


Objectives:
 Gain a comprehensive understanding of temperature Closed Loop ON-OFF Control
operation
 Analyze the impact of hysteresis on control system performance
 Develop a thorough familiarity with temperature control system principles

Equipment Used:
 Temperature control system
 DMM
 Connecting Wires

Figure 1: Apparatus Used


Circuit Diagram:

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram


Procedure:
1. Establish a connection to the heater driver to heat the water in the tank,
raising itstemperature to the desired level.
2. Follow the circuit diagram to make the necessary connections.
3. Increase the voltage from Setpoint-1 to 5V and record the time it takes for
the watertemperature to rise from 38°C to 40°C using a stopwatch.
4. Connect the condenser and activate the water pump driver by increasing the
voltage fromSetpoint-2. This will lower the water temperature.
5. Using a stopwatch, record the time it takes for the water temperature to
decrease from40°C to 38°C.
6. Introduce hysteresis to the ON-OFF controller and measure the rising and
lowering times.
7. Repeat steps 3 to 5 to determine the rising and lowering times at 8V with and
withouthysteresis.

Observations and Calculations:

Without
Hysteresis
Setpoint 5V 8V
Start Temperature 38 °C 39 °C
Rising Time 0 sec 0 sec
Final Temperature 40 °C 41 °C
Lowering Time 0 sec 0 sec
Table 1:Without Hysteresis`

With Hysteresis
Setpoint 5V 8V
Start Temperature 40 °C 41 °C
Rising Time 122 sec 113 sec
Final Temperature 42 °C 43 °C
Lowering Time 85 sec 75 sec
Table 2: With hysterisis

Result and Discussion:


The experiment investigated the impact of hysteresis on the rising and falling
times of atemperature control system operating at setpoints of 5V and 8V. The results
revealed that incorporating hysteresis into the ON-OFF controller significantly
influenced the system's response times. The introduction of hysteresis essentially
creates a 'dead zone' surrounding thesetpoint, preventing rapid switching of the control
action when the system approaches the setpoint. This dead zone, introduced by
hysteresis, resulted in extended rising times, indicatingthat the temperature control
system's response time is slightly slower when hysteresis is incorporated. Conversely,
the introduction of hysteresis led to shorter lowering times, suggestingthat the
temperature control system can cool down more rapidly when hysteresis is
incorporated.
This can be attributed to the fact that hysteresis allows the system to maintain a
slightly highertemperature before the cooling cycle is activated, leading to faster
cooling time.

Conclusion and Comments:


The experiment aimed to delve into the intricacies of ON-OFF temperature
control and the impact of hysteresis on the system's performance. Introducing
hysteresis into the ON-OFFcontroller yielded significant changes in the temperature
control system's response time.

The integration of hysteresis into the ON-OFF controller allows for improved
response times, enhanced stability, and overall better performance of the temperature
control system. Thisis primarily due to the 'dead zone' created by hysteresis, which
prevents rapid fluctuations in control action around the setpoint, leading to more stable
and efficient temperature regulation.

Safety Precautions:
 Be vigilant while operating the equipment.
 Carefully handle the electrical connections.
 Make sure your hands are dry while touching electrical components.
 Do not spill water on the equipments.
 Check that all wires are connected properly.
 Turn on the power only after you've connected everything correctly.

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