EQUIPMENT: 800 SERIES

PUBLICATION: 17A-02-FEx
ISSUE No. & DATE: 3 9/08

801FEx/811FEx INTRINSICALLY SAFE INFRA-RED FLAME DETECTORS

PRODUCT APPLICATION AND DESIGN INFORMATION

1. INTRODUCTION Gas/Dust code Ex ia IIC T4
for ATEX and IECEx: Ex iaD 20 T135°C
The 801FEx Intrinsically Safe Infra-Red Flame Detector forms (-20°C > Ta > +70C)
part of the 800Ex Intrinsically Safe Series of MX Addressable
IECEx Certificate: IECEx BAS 07.0075X
Fire Detectors. The detector plugs into an MUBEx or 5BEx
base.
The 811FEx is the Marine version of the 801FEx. These detectors are designed and manufactured to protect
against other hazards as defined in paragraph 1.2.7 of Annex II
The detector is designed to transmit, to a remote MX/MX2/
of the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC.
T2000 fire controller, a digital signal which represents the status
of the flame detector.
2.1 DETECTOR USE
2. INTRINSIC SAFETY The detectors may only be used in conjunction with an IF800Ex
Interface Module and a Pepperl+Fuchs KFD0-CS-Ex1.54
The detectors are for use in potentially explosive gas and dust galvanic isolator.
atmospheres (zone 0 gas, zone 20 dust).
The detectors are designed to comply with EN/IEC 60079- 2.2 SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF SAFE
0:2006, EN/IEC 60079-11:2007 and EN/IEC61241-11:2006 for USE
Intrinsically Safe apparatus. They are certified:
The apparatus has a plastic enclosure which constitutes a
ATEX code: II 1 GD potential electrostatic hazard. The enclosure must be cleaned
Certificate: Baseefa03ATEX0422X only with a damp cloth.

b c a

1 2 3 4 5

WAVELENGTH - microns

Fig. 1 Spectrums of: a) Typical Carbonaceous Fire b) Solar Radiation at Ground Level
c) Tungsten Filament Lamp

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Registered Company: Thorn Security Ltd. Registered Office: Dunhams Lane Letchworth Garden City Hertfordshire SG6 1BE
800 SERIES
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3 9/08

PYRO-
SELF TEST
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
SENSOR
COMMON CIRCUIT
OPTICS

BASE
AMPLIFIER VOLTAGE VOLTAGE
REGULATOR REGULATOR
+VE LINE
IN/OUT
L1

FSKIN DISCRIMINATION
L. P. CIRCUIT
COMMUNICATIONS
FILTER ASIC ALARM
INTERFACE LED

FSKOUT Tx DRIVER
ADDRESS SET/LATCH CIRCUIT/
SIGNAL PROCESSING CURRENT SINK
THRESHOLD LOGIC

DETECTOR
REMOTE LED
R
CIRCUIT

L2
SIGNAL
PROCESSOR
L
-VE LINE
IN/OUT

Fig. 2 Simplified Block Schematic of Detector

3. OPERATING PRINCIPLE The 801FEx responds to flicker frequencies in the range 1-
10Hz which provides high sensitivity to almost all types of
3.1 OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS accidental fire.
The 801FEx is designed to detect the infra-red radiation
produced by flaming fires involving carbonaceous
materials. 3.3 CIRCUIT OPERATION
Fig. 1(a) shows the spectrum of a typical fire of this type 3.3.1 FLAME SENSOR
Fig. 1(b) the spectrum of the radiation of the sun and A simplified block schematic of the circuit is given in
Fig. 1(c), that of a tungsten filament lamp. Fig. 2.
The infra-red radiation passing through the narrow-band
It can be seen that there is a large peak in the flame output at filters falls on a pyroelectric sensor which responds to the
wavelengths in the region of 4.45μm. This peak is a flickering component of the radiation. The electrical
characteristic of carbonaceous flames and results from the signal produced is amplified and filtered, to remove
formation of carbon dioxide in the flame. It will be seen frequencies outside the required flicker region.
also that the radiation from the sun and from the filament
lamp is relatively low in this region. The threshold detector and signal processor evaluate the
amplitude and frequency characteristics of the flicker and
In order to exploit these spectral characteristics, the 801FEx pass the results to the signal processing logic in the
uses an optical filter which transmits infra-red between common circuit.
4.38μm and 4.56μm (shown shaded in fig. 1(a)). This
bandwidth allows high sensitivity to flames with low All critical parts of the circuit are fed by an internal voltage
sensitivity to other interfering sources. regulator to make the sensitivity independent of supply over
a wide range.

3.2 FLICKER CHARACTERISTICS

It is observed that the radiation from a flame is not constant
but varies with time. This flicker is present in all flames to
a greater or lesser degree (including those resulting from
high pressure gas jets) and can be used to give improved
discrimination between flames and other sources of infra-
red.

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 EQUIPMENT:
800 SERIES
17A-02-FEx
PUBLICATION:
3 9/08
ISSUE No. & DATE:

Fig. 3 Overall Dimensions of 801FEx Detector

3.4 COMMON CIRCUIT 5.2 FINAL ASSEMBLY

Refer to Fig. 1. The assembly described in Section 4.1 is, in effect, a
complete detector but the remaining components provide
Communications between the controller and detector uses
further protection against external influences.
the Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) method.
The PCB is soldered to the body, the underside of the PCB
The ‘Discrimination Circuit’ filters the FSK signal from the
is then encapsulated
+ve line voltage and converts it to a digital square wave
input for the ‘Communications ASIC’.
The ‘Communications ASIC’ decodes the signal and when 6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
its own address is decoded, the analogue inputs received
from the flame sensing elements are converted to 6.1 MECHANICAL
corresponding digital values. These digital values are then
passed to the ‘Tx Driver Circuit/Current Sink’ which Dimensions
applies them to the +ve line for transmission to the The overall dimensions are shown in Fig. 3.
controller.
Materials
3.5 WIRING
Body, cover, and closure: FR110 ‘BAYBLEND’
Loop cabling is connected to base terminals L (-ve) and L1 flame retardant.
(+ve).
Weight
4. APPROVALS Detector: 110g
The 801FEx/811FEx meet all the requirements of Detector + Base: 174g
EN 54 : Part 10 as a Class 2 flame detector.

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL
5. MECHANICAL
CONSTRUCTION Operating Temperature: -20oC to +70oC
- but see note below.
The major components of the detector are:
Storage Temperature: -40oC to +80oC
• Body Assembly
• Printed Circuit
Note: The operating temperatures quoted exceed
• Outer Cover
the ATEX Certification limits.
• Saphire window

Relative Humidity
5.1 BODY ASSEMBLY
Operational: 90% RH continuous
The body assembly consists of a plastic moulding to which (non-condensing)
are secured the four detector contacts which align with and up to 99% RH
contacts in the MUBEx base. The moulding incorporates intermittent
securing features to retain the detector in the base. (non-condensing)
The PCB is fitted into the base tray and then the outer cover Storage: >40% RH and <70% RH
with saphire window is clipped onto the onto the base,
securing features securing the PCB.

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Registered Company: Thorn Security Ltd. Registered Office: Dunhams Lane Letchworth Garden City Hertfordshire SG6 1BE
800 SERIES
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3 9/08

2
a) N-HEPTANE FIRE 0.1m AT 22m RANGE
b) DIESEL FIRE 0.1m2AT 11m RANGE

a)

ENERGY

b)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60
TIME SECONDS

Fig. 4 Typical Response to Fires

Shock: Intrinsic Safety Rating:

Vibration:
Impact:
Corrosion:
} To EN54 Part 10 Maximum Voltage for safety (Ui):
Maximum Current for Safety (Ii):
28V
93mA
Maximum Power Input (Pi): 650mW
6.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC Equivalent Inductance (Li): 0
COMPATIBILITY Equivalent Capacitance (Ci): 0

The detector complies with the following:

Product family standard EN50130-4 in respect of 7. PERFORMANCE
Conducted Disturbances, Radiated Immunity, CHARACTERISTICS
Electrostatic Discharge, Fast Transients and Slow High
Energy 7.1 MODE OF OPERATION-
EN50081-1 for Emissions BEHAVIOUR IN FIRE TESTS
The operating principles of the detector have been
Note: The above standards fulfil the requirements described in Section 3 and the information given below is
of the European Directive for EMC intended to supplement this basic description.
(89/336/EEC). It has already been noted that the detector analyses the
signal flicker frequency and produces an alarm if the level
is above a preset threshold for three seconds. It is worth
6.4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS stressing that if the signal is below this threshold the
detector will not respond even after a long time.
The following characteristics (Table 1) apply at 25oC and
nominal supply voltage of 22V unless otherwise specified. The level of the signal received depends on the size of the
flame and its distance from the detector. For liquid fuels
the level is almost proportional to the surface area of the
burning liquid. For any type of fire, the signal level varies
Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Unit inversely with the square of the distance.
Loop Voltage 20 - 24 V Fire tests are normally carried out using liquid fuels,
Quiescent Current - 300 350 μA burning in pans of known area. The sensitivity of a
Alarm Current - 3 3.3 mA detector is then expressed as the distance at which a
particular fire size can be detected.
Table 1: Electrical Characteristics
It is important to think in terms of distance rather than time
because of the burning characteristics of different
fuels. Fig. 4 shows the typical response of two different
fuels which ultimately produce the same signal level. The
signal level given by n-heptane quickly reaches its

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 EQUIPMENT:
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PUBLICATION:
3 9/08
ISSUE No. & DATE:

maximum approximately six (6) seconds after 7.2 FIRE TEST DATA
ignition. Diesel, being less volatile, takes approximately
sixty (60) seconds to reach equilibrium burning state and an 7.2.1 N-HEPTANE
alarm is given approximately fifty-five (55) seconds after The most convenient fuel for fire tests is n-heptane since it
ignition. is readily available and quickly reaches its equilibrium
The time taken by the fire to reach equilibrium depends on burning rate. The range figures specified in Section 5.2.2
the initial temperature of the fuel. If diesel is pre-heated to relate to a n-heptane fire in a 0.1m2 pan on the main axis of
a temperature above its flash point, then it behaves the same the detector field of view.
as n-heptane at 25oC. The graph in Fig. 5 shows the typical detection ranges as a
The fire test data presented in Section 6.2 refers to fires function of pan area for n-heptane fires. It will be seen that
which have reached their equilibrium condition. The this curve is approximately a square law; that is to say that
range specified is that obtained with the detector axis to obtain detection at twice the distance the pan area must be
horizontal and with the fire on the detector axis. multiplied by four.

40

30
RANGE
METRES
20

10 2
PAN AREA m

0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Fig. 5 Typical Detector Range vs Pan Area - n-heptane

DETECTOR
o o
90 90

o o
80 80
0.20

o
70 o 70
0.40

o o
60 60
0.60

o o
50 50
0.80

1
o o o o o o o o o
40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40

Fig. 6 Relative Range vs Angle of Incidence

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800 SERIES
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o o
50 50

2 4m
0.05m

9.5m

2 8m
0.1m

19m

2
12m
0.2m

28.5m

2
16m
0.4m

38m

Fig. 7 Field of View

7.2.2 OTHER LIQUID HYDROCARBONS 8.2 USE OF FIRE TEST DATA

Ranges achieved with other fuels burning in 0.1m2 pans are It has been explained in Section 6 that the sensitivity of the
as follows: detector is specified in terms of its response to well-defined
test fires. Tests are carried out using a 0.1m2
Kerosene 15.5m
pan. Sensitivity to other pan areas is calculated from the
Alcohol (I.M.S.) 13m square law relationship. That is to obtain detection at twice
Diesel oil 13m the distance, the pan area must be multiplied by four.
Ethylene glycol 15.5m Accidental fires are rarely of a well-defined size. It is still
possible, however, to calculate the response to a ‘real’ fire
The typical detection range for other pan areas may be using the fire test data.
calculated using the square law relationship give in Para
6.2.1. For example, a spillage fire involving a highly volatile liquid,
eg, n-heptane: will spread quickly from the point of ignition
to cover the complete surface of the pool. Such a spillage
7.2.3 DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVITY would normally cover approximately 2m2. Using the data
for n-heptane fires and extrapolating to an area of 2m2, the
The sensitivity of the 801FEx is at a maximum on the 801FEx should respond at a distance of about 120m.
detector axis. The variation of range with angle of
incidence is shown in Fig. 6. If the spillage is of a less volatile material (eg, diesel), the
spread of the flame from the ignition point will be much
slower. The detector will then respond in a time dependent
8. DESIGN OF SYSTEM on the distance from the fire.
8.1 GENERAL
Using the information given in Sections 3 to 5, it is possible 8.3 DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF
to design a flame detection system having a predictable DETECTORS
performance. Guidance on the application of the above
data and on siting of detectors is given on the following The number of detectors required for a particular risk will
page. depend on the area involved and the fire size at which
detection is required. Large areas or small fires require
large numbers of detectors.
As there are no agreed ‘rules’ for the application of flame
detectors, the overall system sensitivity must be agreed
between the designer and the end user. When agreement
has been reached the system designer can determine the area
to be covered by each detector using the fire test data.

PAGE 6 of 7
 EQUIPMENT:
800 SERIES
17A-02-FEx
PUBLICATION:
3 9/08
ISSUE No. & DATE:

The detector is designed primarily for ceiling mounting 'U' SHAPED

with its axis vertically downwards. When used in this way CHANNEL
it will cover a circular area at ground level, the diameters of
'D' SHAPED
the circle being proportional to the height. Under these PART
conditions the effective sensitivity is that which is achieved
MOUNTING
at the edge of this circular area taking into account the slant RETAINING RECESS
range and the angle of incidence. PIMPLES
RETAINING
Fig. 5 shows the effective sensitivity for n-heptane fires DEPRESSIONS
when used in this configuration. Sensitivity to other fuels
can be determined from the data given in Section 6.2.2.

Note: Any object within the detector’ s field of view

will cause a ‘shadow’ in the protected
area. Small objects close to the detector can
cause large shadows.

Fig. 8 Fitting Address Flag

9. DETECTOR ADDRESS
12. ORDERING INFORMATION
The loop address of the detector is held in internal E2PROM
which is programmed either from the controller, or by the
801AP MX Service Tool. 801FEx Infra-red Flame Detector: 516.800.066
811FEx Infra-red Flame Detector
(Marine): 516.800.067
Note: The detector must be programmed in the Safe
Area when using the MX Service Tool. MUBEx Base for use with Ex Detectors: 517.050.610
5BEx 5” Universal Base: 517.050.023
10. ADDRESS FLAG Address Flag Labels - Loop A
(White): 516.800.931
Refer to Fig. 8. The address flag is used to identify the
address and zone of the detector. The address flags are Address Flag Labels - Loop B
supplied in one of two packs (address 1 - 127 or 128 - 255, (Yellow): 516.800.932
with a different colour for each loop) and are ordered Address Flag Labels - Loop C
separately from the detector. The address flag is fitted to the (Purple): 516.800.933
bottom of the detector. When the detector is fitted to the Address Flag Labels - Loop D
base and turned until fully located, the address flag is then (Green): 516.800.934
transferred to the base. If the detector is removed from the
base, the address flag remains with the base. Address Flag Labels - Loop E
(Grey) 516.800.935
Address Flag Labels - Loop F
11. CONFIGURATION (Blue) 516.800.936
Address Flag Labels - Loop G
The detector may be configured as Immediate (interrupt) or (Orange) 516.800.937
Verified (5 second delay).
Address Flag Labels - Loop H
(Red) 516.800.938

JM/ds
4th September 2008

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Registered Company: Thorn Security Ltd. Registered Office: Dunhams Lane Letchworth Garden City Hertfordshire SG6 1BE