– 38 – 61869-1  IEC:2007

The transformer shall be considered to have passed the test if:

– no disruptive discharge occurs;

– no other evidence of insulation failure is detected (e.g. variations in the wave shape of the
recorded quantities on routine tests which serve as verification tests).

7.2.3.3 Switching impulse voltage test

7.2.3.3.1 General

The test shall be performed with positive polarity. Fifteen consecutive impulses, corrected for
atmospheric conditions, shall be applied.

For outdoor-type transformers the test shall be performed under wet conditions. The wetting
procedure shall be in accordance with IEC 60060-1.

The following test procedure B of IEC 60060-1, adapted for HV equipment that has self-
restoring and non-restoring insulation, is the preferred test procedure. The instrument
transformer shall be considered to have passed the impulse tests if the following conditions
are fulfilled:

– the test has at least 15 impulses;

– no disruptive discharges on non-self restoring insulation shall occur. This is confirmed by
5 consecutive impulse withstands following the last disruptive discharge;
– the number of disruptive discharges shall not exceed two.

This procedure leads to a maximum possible number of 25 impulses.

No evidence of insulation failure shall be detected (e.g variation of the wave shape of the
recorded quantities).

If disruptive discharges occur and evidence cannot be given during testing that the disruptive
discharges were on self-restoring insulation, the IT shall be dismantled and inspected after
the completion of the dielectric test series. If damage to non-self-restoring insulation is
observed, the instrument transformer shall be considered to have failed the test.

Impulses with flashover to the walls or ceilings of the laboratory shall be disregarded.

7.2.4 Wet test for outdoor type transformers

The wetting procedure shall be in accordance with IEC 60060-1.

For instrument transformers having U m < 300 kV, the test shall be performed with power-
frequency voltage of the appropriate value given in Table 2 depending on the highest voltage
for equipment applying corrections for atmospheric conditions.

For instrument transformers having U m ≥ 300 kV, the test shall be performed with switching
impulse voltage of positive polarity, of the appropriate value given in Table 2, depending on
the highest voltage for equipment and the rated insulation level.

7.2.5 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) tests

7.2.5.1 RIV test

As the radio interference voltage level may be affected by fibers or dust settling on the
insulators, it is permitted to wipe the insulators with a clean cloth before taking a
measurement.
61869-1  IEC:2007 – 39 –

The following test procedure shall be followed:

The instrument transformer, complete with accessories, shall be dry and clean and at
approximately the same temperature as the laboratory room in which the test is made.

The test should be performed under the following atmospheric conditions:

– Temperature: from 10 °C to 30 °C;

– Pressure: from 0,870 × 10 5 Pa to 1,070 × 10 5 Pa;
– Relative humidity: from 45 % to 75 %.

NOTE 1 No correction factors for atmospheric conditions in accordance with IEC 60060-1 are applicable to radio
interference tests.

The test connections and their ends shall not be a source of radio interference voltage.

Shielding of primary terminals simulating the operation condition should be provided to

prevent spurious discharges. The use of sections of tube with spherical terminations is
recommended.

Z B

CS

ZS

Ca

T
R1
L1
R2
M

IEC 1960/07

Key
T test transformer
C a test object
Z filter
B corona-free termination
M measuring set with input resistance R M

⎛ R ⋅R ⎞ = 300 Ω
Z S + ⎜⎜ R 1 + 2 M ⎟⎟
⎝ R2 + RM ⎠
Z S , CS , L 1 , R1 , R 2 see CISPR 18-2
Figure 4 – RIV measuring circuit

The test voltage shall be applied between one of the terminals of the primary winding of the
test object (C a ) and earth. The frame, case (if any), core (if intended to be earthed) and one
terminal of each secondary winding shall be connected to earth.
 – 40 – 61869-1  IEC:2007

The measuring circuit (see Figure 4) shall comply with CISPR 18-2. The measuring circuit
shall preferably be tuned to a frequency in the range of 0,5 MHz to 2 MHz, the measuring
frequency being recorded. The results shall be expressed in microvolts.

The impedance between the test conductor and earth, (ZS + (R 1 + R 2 // R M)) in Figure 4, shall
be 300 Ω ± 40 Ω with a phase angle not exceeding 20° at the measuring frequency.

A capacitor, C S , may also be used in place of the filter Z S and a capacitance of 1 000 pF is
generally adequate.
NOTE 2 A specially designed capacitor may be necessary in order to avoid too low a resonant frequency.

The filter Z shall have a high impedance at the measuring frequency in order to decouple the
power frequency source from the measuring circuit. A suitable value for this impedance has
been found to be 10 000 Ω to 20 000 Ω at the measuring frequency.

The radio interference background level (radio interference caused by external field and by
the high-voltage transformer) shall be at least 6 dB (preferably 10 dB) below the specified
radio interference level.

NOTE 3 Care should be taken to avoid disturbances caused by nearby objects to the instrument transformer and
to the test and measuring circuits.

Calibration methods for the measuring instruments and for the measuring circuit are given in
CISPR 18-2.

A pre-stress voltage of 1,5x U m 3 shall be applied and maintained for 30 s.

The voltage shall then be decreased to 1,1x U m 3 in about 10 s and maintained to this
value for 30 s before measuring the radio interference voltage.

The instrument transformer shall be considered to have passed the test if the radio
interference level at 1,1x U m 3 is in accordance with 6.11.2.

7.2.5.2 Immunity test

See IEC 61869-9 (under consideration).

7.2.6 Test for accuracy

See specific standards.

7.2.7 Verification of the degree of protection by enclosures

7.2.7.1 Verification of the IP coding

In accordance with the requirements specified in 6.10, tests shall be performed in accordance
with IEC 60529 on the enclosures of all parts of the fully assembled equipment as under
service conditions.

7.2.7.2 Mechanical impact test

In accordance with the requirements specified in 6.10.6, enclosures shall be subjected to an

impact test. Three blows are applied to points of the enclosure that are likely to be the
weakest points. Devices such as connectors, displays, etc. are exempt from this test.

The use of a spring-operated impact test apparatus as defined in IEC 60068-2-75 is

recommended.