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MASTERMIND Grammar & Lexis Mini Companion

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MASTERMIND Grammar & Lexis Mini Companion

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Hiền Cao Minh
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Mastermind Grammar & Lexis MINI-COMPANION with exercises for C2 exams Paul Hains Anna Johnson wun 3 Burlington Books nese Mastermind Grammar & Lexis for C2 exams by Paul Hains and Anna Johnson Burlington Books P.O, Box 54411 3721 Limassol Cyprus Burlington Books is an imprint of Danos Books Lid adi adv con Der fmt int n ABBREVIATIONS: adjective (enidero) adverb (enippnya) Conjunction (aivSeqp0q) derivative (napayuyo) formal (enionun yhivooa) informal (cik6 iiaya, apy) oun (ovo.aaKé) Opp phrv prep AmE ‘This mini-companion has been revised to reflect changes in REVISED Mastermind Grammar & Lexis for C2 exams and now includes extra vocabulary practice exercises after every two units. ‘The definitions provided in this glossary reflect the context in which the words and phrases are used in the book. ‘opposite (avrivero) phrasal verb (neprpeacTee pra) plural ¢nanduvrx) preposition (npé8eon) verb (priv) ‘American English IH 016-649 Pack ISBN 978-9925-30-874-3, Copyright © 2022 Burlington Books A UNIT 2 Business and Employment MF Tove voceauany EXERCISE A (page 14) 21 online job board (n) = a website used by employers or Job seekers to advertise or search for employment ‘opportunities: oroveAiba eupeonc epyaciag After ost my {J0b, spent several weeks searching online job boards for ‘marketing vacancies. 22 position (n) = job in an organization or company: on (€pyaciac) The school has several teaching postions open ‘and is looking for new teachers. 23, employment agency (n) = a company which finds sultable Jobs for people: ypaselo etipeang epyaalag “ound my current jb through an employment agency. 24 applicant (n) = person who formally asks for something (e9.a job): amv, uncwppiog All applicants will receive ‘answers by the end of the week 25 hire (v)= employ someone to do a job: npoohappévus We hired Max to paint our house. 26 field (n) = area of activity or study: ropéac, emwornuovind nieBio The mobilephone industry isa competitive field and ‘new smartphones are constantly being developed. 27 networking (n) = activity of meeting people who might be useful in your work: Butuan Sarah decided she needed to start networking in order to make new contacts. Der: network (nl: 6itv0 network (V) 28 colleague {n) = person who works with you: opvdedog ‘My colleagues and |getn sowellthat we even meet afer work. 29 _Jobshunt (v) = search for employment opportunities: ‘avoir epyaoia He had spent si months job-hunting before he found his current positon. 210 internship (n) = short-term job that someone, especially a student or recent graduate, does in order to gain work ‘experience: npaxninf doxsjan After graduating, Lzlid a 12-month internship at a fashion magazine. Dersintern (n): (AmE) eixeubuevor warp6<, aoKoduevoc 211 recruit (n= 2 person wi joins a company, an ‘organization, et: véo uéhos, véoc epyaCoyevoc Theresa Jot of work to be done so the companys looking for new recruits Dercrecruitment (n: tparoXéynon, npboAnLn unadfhow 212 €Vn) (Ame: résumé) = written account of education, ‘work experience and personal details: roypagyn® ‘onuela To apply fora job send aleter and your CV. 213. online profile= a webpage that provides useful information on a specific person or thing: Babutuax® ‘mpodid Sue will ned to update her online profil before she starts applying for jobs. 214 career ladder (n)= levels of progress in a profession: ‘Oivaxa enayyedparucic ekENEC People who choose to
  • Thanks to technological advancement, visual effects in fms appear ‘more real today than they did 20 years ago. voice-over (n) = words spoken ina film, TV programme ‘rad by a person that can't be seen: anima, suv (odpayn) My sisters providing the voice-over fora ‘character in an upcoming Disney fm. EXERCISE B (page 30) a6 franchise (n) = permission given to sella company's products using the same name: cipd rexwsiv in addition to the existing films there are more belng planned for the ‘Star Wars’ franchise. an all-star cast = set of actors appearing in the same film oF play: cévoko Bidanyxuv nBonoxi (nou cupperéxouv o& ‘ravia) An allstar cast featured inthis year’ Chrismas special portray (v)= (of an actor) play a certain character: ‘uno6 toy Amand is currently working on an exciting new fm where she will b portraying an FB agent. Der: portrayal (n): eprinveia (p6NoU) idely acclaimed = publicly praised and admired, renowned: nepignuog, faKouaTos His widely acclaimed documentary won a number of awards action sequence = an extended scene ina film where a number of exciting things are happening: oxnvh Spdons The James Band flms are known for ther tiling action sequences. 429 raverreview (n) = an enthusiastic and favourable media report about a film, book, exhibition or TV programme: ‘upayBin / ekauperarRprtuc} EpyOU, PiBhiov, ‘poypayparoq) The play received ave reviews so we went toseeit. Der: reviewer (ni Kern review () 430 _ brilliantly (adv) = very well: in an impressive way: e&auperd Paul presented his arguments brilliantly soit was ‘no wonder he won the debate 431 showcase (v) = display the best of something: ‘avadswwiw, npopddRu This exhibition showcases the talents offocat artists. Der: showcase (nl: iapiva, npoBin, 452 masterpiece (n) = piece of work done with extraordinary skill often refers to artistic work: aprotoupynwa The Mona: Lisa is considered by many to be Leonardo da Vinci ‘masterpiece. 453 compelling (ad) = powerful: ovvaprtaomids The book told such @ compeling sory that couldn't putt down. 434 tale (n)= story, often about imaginary events: pd80c, ttopia This is atale about a princes, afrog and a flying ig. 495 highest-grossing (film) = earning more money than any ‘other: (ravia) ue Tie vpMAédrepes e1onpAerc Despite ‘having been released over two decades ago, Ttanic still ‘one ofthe top five highest-grossing films of all time, Der: gross (v): tpayparoroud exonpaters EXERCISE C (page 31) 435 audition (n) = short test performance to select a performer: Boxusaowxt axpda0n, ovTioiev The orchestras holding auditions fora wolnst Der: audition (v) 427 censorship (n) = official banning ofall or part of a book. AoyoKp.ala Many people think that censorship of violent flms is necessary. Der: censor (n):kémo10¢ nou NoyoKplver censor (v) 438 debut (n)= first public performance: npditn Squéora ‘eppamon, vieyrtouto Sarah made her debut as a singer with a local band. 439 premiere (n) = fist performance ofa film or play: ripewiépa The new Marve fr will ave its premiere in July. 440 upcoming (adj) = happening or planned te happen soon: npoveytc, eraxsivewoc The schoo! poss information about upcoming events on ts website ie: W[Boosr your vocasutary PHRASAL VERBS: come /go (page 31) 441 come across (phr v) = communicate; make something ‘lear: yivouat aveidnrrdg The message comes across loud ‘and clear in the advertisement: ifyou drink, don't drive. 442 go back (phy v) = exist since a particular time: avayopa, xpovohoyoopa an Barbara’ interest in ock in roll goes back tothe time she frst heard Elvis Presley sing. 448 go down as (phr v) = be remembered ina particular way: apapeww (orn wvtiun) Mother Teresa has gone down in ‘history as a person who cared about the poor. 44% come out (phr v) = happen in a certain way; have a particular result: cnoBaivw, xataXviyw Sometimes even the ‘director is nat sure how the fm will come out in the end. as, {go into (phe v) = spend time, money or effort to do, make (or get something: agiepiavopat o& KG A Jot of effort went Jnto making the party a success. ‘come off (phr v) = succeed: neruyaivw Alan was happy thatthe event came off so wel. .go through with (phr v) = do something difficult but necessary: pw ei¢ népag / Mooxups pe (Kd) have decided to go through with the operation. ‘come up (phr v) = happen unexpectedly: cvyBaives (anpéqpeva) Pl be home fate; something has come up at the office. PHRASES WITH PREPOSITIONS {page 32) ast a2 ass ass {in many respects = in many ways: ané nodAéc anoperg In many respects, ie today s more dangerous than in the past in conjunction with = together with: ae owvepyaoia ue ‘Inconjunction with tax experts, the police are investigating the bank, in ight of = in view of: hayBévovrac undipn In light of Jims poor performance at training today, the coach decided ‘not to pick him for the next match. ‘out of necessity = happening because its unavoidable and needed: avayxagtixé With so many works of art, the ‘museum built a new wing out of necessity to house the mew works ofart for good = permanently: wa néivea, optori The Sinith {familys moving to Ireland for good, so | wonder if will ever see them again. {in no time = very quickly: 0 ypdvo pexép After the ‘operation, James was back to normal inno time. for the most part = usually: mostly: uc en t0 meiorov, oplg finished ail my homework for the mast part by ‘myself but I needed help with one question. at the forefront of = ina leading position: ory pci ‘pay American record labels are atthe forefront of the international music industry. WORD FORMATION (page 32) a9 aot acceptance (n) = agreement 1 an idea or plan: aro6oxh, The new railroad line depends on government acceptance of the engineer’ report. ‘adaptation (a) = fim or play that was originally nitten in 2 diferent form: Siaoxeun Several new flms are ‘adaptations of Shakespeare's pays. Der: adapt ():Biacxevdtw, npoaaoyetis ambiguity (n) state of being unclear, confusing or having ‘more than one possible meaning: aypionpila, aedgete The ambiguity ofthe teacher’ instructions meant that the students didn't know what she wanted them to do. Der: ambiguous (ad) annoyance (n) = feeling of impatience and anger: ‘exveupiouds, ev6xAnon Tomy annoyance, my boss wouldn't etme take off any extra time, Der: annoy () annoyed (ad): evoyhnwsévog annoying (ad): evoxarrxd ‘attendance (n) = presence at an event or number of people present: npoathevon, rapaxohovnan Attendance ‘the concert was low. Der: attend (v) a8 470 an 10 tate of being not too busy: ‘S1cBeop6rrra The doctors availabilty depends on how ‘many patients are scheduled for the week. Der available (ad) ‘Opp: unavailability n) ‘complexity (n) = state of being complicated: ‘rohumoxétata Due to the complexity ofthe case, it took the lawyers months te prepare for ra. Der: complex (adj) ‘eredibility (n) = state of being believable or trustworthy: ‘afioniatia The police doubted the credibility ofthe witness. Der: credible (ad)) incredible (ad) dedication (n} = commitment: a@ooivan The nurses showed dedication to ther patients by working throughout the night Der: dedicate (v) dedicated (ad) destruction (n) = very serious damage that means something no longer exists or can never be repaired: karacxpopi} Archeologist belleve a massive natural disaster caused the destruction ofthe ancient city Der: destroy (v) destructive (ad)) devotion (n) = care and loyalty towards someone / something: agooiwon The volunteers showed their ‘complete devotion tothe project by giving ital the hee ume, Der: devote (v) devoted (ad) distraction (n) = something that takes your attention ‘avy from something else: andortaan tng npoaox", ‘repiortaqué There are many distractions when you share ‘an office with other people. Der: distract (v) diversity (n)= variety, the existence of many different ‘elements: roxihia The versity of opinions in the college ‘often leads to interesting discussions. Der: diversify (v) diverse (ad) ‘dramatization (n) = making a book or story into a play or film: 6payaroreainan, StaoKevs The dramatization of Tom Clancy's book was successful in capturing the complicated story Der: drama (n) ‘dramatist (n) Spayaroupyéc, BearpIKéc ovyypAdEAG dramatize (v):Biaoxevacw (pu@rarGpnpa)yia to 8eaxpo ‘existence (n) = state of being real: naps The internet ‘has been in existence since the 1980s. Der: exist (v) ignorance (n) = complete lack of knowledge about something: dyoia Pease excuse my ignorance, but whats the speed limit on this highway? Der: ignorant (ad)) imitation (n) = 1. replica / reproduction fora painting: ‘avtiypago, aropinan The bullding is a poor imitation of ‘lasscal Greek architecture. 2. copying someone's speech ‘or behaviour: piynon Peter does a great imitation ofthe prime minster Der: imitate (v) a8 us se ae se0 a5 insistence (0) = act of saying something fimly or ina demanding way: erayowt At her family insistence, Monica applied to low schoo! though she had wanted t study art. Dersinsist ) insistent (ad) intensity (n) = having a strong effect: veaon Due to global warming the intensity of huricanessincreasng Derr intensity () intense (ad) Interference (n) = unwanted involvement ina situation Which s not your concern: avayeitn Merk did't mary fen because of his parent interference. Der: interfere interfering (ad) Interpretation (n) = way something is explained or understood: epunveia My interpretation of the poem is dierent fom the way my fiend understood it. Der: interpreter (n:eounveutc, Siepunvéa interpret () ‘maturity (9)=1. state of being fully developed or grown: eariaan When boys each maturity ther voces become deeper. 2. quality of having a fully developed personality and adult emotional behavioue wpypornta His wing shows surprising maturity or such a young person. Der: maturation én: weave, mature (v mature ad) ‘objectivity (r) = ability to make decisions based on facts, net on personal opinion: avexeisewxérnta We questioned the referees objectivity after decisions against us. Der: objective (ad) offence (= illegal activity: aBixnya, napdfoen Smoking ‘inanan-smoking restaurant isan offence punishable bylaw. Der: offend (v) offensive (ad) ‘originality () = quality of being new and diferent ‘npwroruna His work shows style and originality. Der: origin (nk ppoédevon criginl (a) ‘perception (n) = the way you think about something or the impression you have of itavinon The islanders have negative perception of tourists Der: perceive perceptive (ad) pretence (n) = way of behaving intended to make others believe something which is not te: rpoarinen made ‘apretence of enjoying thecokeeven though! do ike chocolate. Der: pretend () cognition (n) = acknowledgement and praise for the value of someones work or achievements evaywapron She received an honorary degree from the university in recognition ofher research Der: recognize (¥) resemblance (n) = two people or things being similar to ‘or looking like one another: opowsrqra You can seeactear famnity resemblance between the Grothe. sensitivity (n= ability to understand how people are feeling and be kind towards them: evaitnoia The teacher showed a fot of sensitivity to her students needs. Der: sensitive ad) (Opp: insensitivity (n) 487 similarity (n) = feature thats the same: oyowrrta One similarity 's that they both come from large famiies. Der: similar (ad) 4480 simplicity (n) = quality of not being complicated: ‘amAornta The simplicity ofthe design makes it very easy to produce. Der: simplify simple (a) RELATED WORDS ways of speaking (page 33) 489, urge (v) = strongly suggest or advise: naporpvia The ‘government urged people to save energy where hey can. Dercurge in) 490 whisper (v) = talk very quietly: w@upiw She whispered @ secret in is ear. Der whisper (n) 491. mumble) = speak quietly and not clearly: pouppoupitn The lecturer mumbled so we couldn't understand what she was saying. 492 reminisce (v) ~ think, write or tak about pleasant things in the past: avanoh The old men satovera cupof coffee ‘and reminisced about fe inthe villoge. Der reminiseence (0) reminizent (a4) 493 grumble v) = complain in a bac-tempered way: ‘xpi, naparrovieyat The staff grumbled about their working conditions 498 confer (v) = discuss (with) or consult: cuoxérrouay, ‘uvouih The judges contered fr afew minutes before ‘announcing the winner Dex conference (n) 495 concede (v)= admit something is correct after having disagreed with tat first: cpohoy, napaSéxopau It took a Jot of convincing, but Jake finaly conceded my plan was the betterone. 498 plead (with) (v)= ask for inan emotional way: metebu, evn éxxnan (oe) He pleaded with ust stay, but we had tocatchatrain. Der: plea in) 497 exclaim (y) = say something loudly with surprise or ‘excitement avagu ‘Tin so thrilled you decided to come ‘after al Brad exclaimed. Dersexclamation (ni) 498 interject (v) = interupt when someone else is speaking: ‘rexsrew, napepBadovai What do you mean by that” Tom interjected. Derinterjection(n) WORDS EASILY CONFUSED (page 34) 499 adopt (v) = take somebody else's child into your family ‘and become its legal parent: io8ert There are agencies that help people adopt babies, butt can be quite a lengthy process. 44100 adapt (v)= change (a movie, book, play) soit can be presented in another form: biaoxeudtw The film ‘The Hobbit was adapted from the book. 44101 adept (ad) = able to do something skilfully: wavoc, ‘eruSé&iog The new manager's adept at handling crises, hich isthe main reason she was promoted. sume (v) = believe something without knowledge or proof: unodéxea Im sorry didnt tll you the news, but! ‘assumed you already knew. 2 4.103 infer (¥) = form an opinion about something based on information you have: oupmepaive We inferred from her reaction that she was embarrassed about wnat had happened, Der: inference (n) 4.104 imply (v) = say indirectly; hint: unovos Are you implying ‘that we should leave now? Justtellusand we'l go. Der: implication (n) 4.105 highlight (n) = best or most interesting part ofan event: ‘aroKopHpLNA, Yo KaASTEpO onpsio Highlights ofthe gare were shown on the news 4.106 under the spotlight = being closely examined: oro enixevtpo The senator’ financial afairs are under the spotlight. 4.107 (be) in the limelight = receive public atention and Interest: (eiyat) cro xévtpo me SryoowstTTA, tO npooxtvio The scientist has Geen in the imelight ecently because of her intersting discovery. 4.108 downright (adv) = extremely in negative sense) fetch, ano That's a downright ieand you know it 4.109 upright (ad) = in a vertical position: 6p610c, otnt6c This sign won't stay upright the wind. 4.110 outright (adv) = open orclecty: €exaBapa, ‘anepippacra The committe relected the proposal outright. Der: outright (ad) 4171 feature () = include asa special tem: napova (ug xevtpxé 6é0) Lady Gaga was featured in the music ‘magazine | bought. 42 characterize (v) = be atypical feature or quality xapaxnpi impressionist paintings are characterized by ‘small thin brushstrokes and notural ght. 4113 focus (on) (y= pay special attention to: eonatu, eixeitpiivopea (ee) The TV programme focused an ‘education and schools Der focus (n) 414 so-ealed (ad) = described in an incorrect or misleading way: 6486 It turned out that the so-called experts wore Tommy isan alleged art thief, but can't think of anyone less suited to criminal activity. 44116 renowned (ad) = well known and admired: Faxoverd, ‘@xpxauevos The Book was written by Professor Tilman, a ‘renowned expert on genetics 4.117 ratings (n) = statistics that show the popularity of TV ‘programmes: nocoara re8éaon¢ The show achieved its highest ratings ever, with over 12 milion viewers. 4.118 credits (n) = lst of people involved in making a film or TV ‘programme: ovvrenzotés napawwytic (rewviag, ‘RpoypAuarod) Ella waited impatiently for the film to end 0 she could see if her name had been included inthe credits. 4119 subtitles (7) = translation ofa film appearing at the bottom of the screen: unérthot lt was a French film with Greek subtitles. METAPHOR AND MEANING (page 34) 4.120 see the light = finally understand something: arahaBalww, BAénw trv adre1a We are hoping that Sam willsoon see the light and begin taking her studies seriously. 4u121_ashot im the dark = trying to guess something when you hhave no knowledge ofthe subject: pavrebia,excacia nov Booigerat o¢ edéxiera oroxsia Though his answer wos sinot inthe dark, Gary hoped he'd got the question right " Ad UNIT4 bright (ag) = 1. full of ight or colour: @urewée, Aapmepde The large windows make the room bright and ary 2. intelligent: ¢&unvoc Only the brightest students get ‘accepted to the top universities. Der: brighten (v) bailliant adj) =1. giving off avery bright light: ‘aotpagtepéc A diamond iooks especially briliant in the sun 2. very clever: Mohd éfunvog, evduric Pats biliant at languages: she speaks six! Der: billance (7) ‘loud = 1. (7) white or grey mass in the sky: oOwvespo The sky was dark because ofthe clouds. 2 (¥) confuse your Understanding: Bohunts, ynepBeiua My understanding of the situation was clouded by the reporter’ confused news toport ‘loud (someones) judgement = prevented from being able to make a sensible decision or think clearly about a situation: BoAdw my Kpion (kéro.0u) Your personal dislike ‘of the artis should not cloud your judgement of his paintings. dawn (n) = early morning: avy The sun rises at dawn and setsat dusk ‘dawn on (someone) (phr v) = realize something for the first time: apyiCw va averapBavoyat xa it finally davmned ‘on us that he was not teling the truth, dazzle (y)= 1. make someone unable to see for a short ‘time because of the brightness of light: Tuphdww We were dazzled by the brightness of the sun, 2 impress by skill or beauty: Bayne, evrunworigw He was dazzled by Claire's ‘ed hair and green eyes. Der: dazziing (ad) dim (ad) = 1. gving off weak ight: apuspéc, Oapmé The

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