Algebra and Trigonometry v2

● Algebra and Trigonometry v2

o Chapter 1 - Prerequisites
▪ 1.1 Algebra Essentials

▪ Properties of Real Numbers and Order of Operations

▪ Distinguish between natural numbers, whole numbers, and
integers (10)
▪ Distinguish between rational and irrational numbers (10)

▪ Perform calculations using order of operations (40)

▪ Use the inverse and identity properties of real numbers (10, 10, 10)

▪ Use the commutative, associative, and distributive properties of

real numbers (6)
▪ Evaluate and Simplify Algebraic Expressions
▪ Evaluate algebraic expressions with a single variable (20)

▪ Evaluate algebraic expressions with two variables (10)

▪ Identify constants and variables (40)

▪ Use a formula (40)

▪ Simplify algebraic expressions (40)

▪ Set Operations and Venn Diagrams

▪ Represent a set using a written description and the roster method
(5)
▪ Identify subsets, universal sets, and empty sets (10, 10)

▪ Illustrate two sets using Venn diagram and set notation (5)

▪ Set Operations
▪ Determine the complement of a set using Venn diagrams or set
notation (10, 10)
▪ Determine the intersection of two sets using Venn diagrams or set
notation (10, 10)
▪ Determine the union of two sets using Venn diagrams or set
notation (10, 10)
▪ Perform operations on sets (5)

▪ Evaluate and Simplify Absolute Value Expressions

 ▪ Understand absolute value and evaluate absolute value expressions
with the order of operations (10, 10)
▪ Evaluate algebraic expressions involving absolute value (10, 10)

▪ 1.2 Exponents and Scientific Notation

▪ Product, Quotient, and Power Properties of Exponents
▪ Understand exponent notation (6)

▪ Use the product rule of exponents (6)

▪ Use the quotient rule of exponents (40)

▪ Use the power rule of exponents (40)

▪ Negative Exponents and Simplifying Exponential Expressions

▪ Use the negative and zero exponent rule (40)

▪ Find the power of a product (40)

▪ Find the power of a quotient (6)

▪ Simplify exponential expressions (10)

▪ Scientific Notation
▪ Convert between standard and scientific notation (10)

▪ Multiply and divide numbers in scientific notation (10)

▪ 1.3 Radicals and Rational Exponents

▪ Simplify Radicals
▪ Evaluate square roots (40)

▪ Use the product rule to simplify square roots (40)

▪ Use the quotient rule to simplify square roots (10, 10)

▪ Operations with Radicals

▪ Add and subtract square roots (10)

▪ Rationalize denominators with a monomial denominator (10, 10)

▪ Rationalize denominators using the conjugate (6)

▪ Rational Exponents and Higher Order Radicals

▪ Simplify nth roots (5)

▪ Operations with nth roots (10, 10)

▪ Switch between radical and rational exponent form (8)

▪ Evaluate expressions with rational exponents (5)

▪ 1.4 Polynomials
 ▪ Properties of Polynomials
▪ Identify the degree and leading coefficient of a polynomial (20)

▪ Identify monomials, binomials, and trinomials (20)

▪ Operations on Polynomials
▪ Add and subtract polynomials (40)

▪ Multiply binomials together (20)

▪ Multiply polynomials together (20)

▪ Perform operations with polynomials of several variables (10, 10)

▪ 1.5 Factoring Polynomials

▪ Factor Quadratics
▪ Factor the greatest common factor of a polynomial (19)

▪ Factor a trinomial (20)

▪ Factor a trinomial by grouping (5)

▪ Factor Quadratics with Special Products

▪ Factor a perfect square trinomial (20)

▪ Factor a difference of squares (20)

▪ Factor Cubics
▪ Factor a cubic by grouping (6)

▪ Factor the sum and difference of cubes (20, 20)

▪ Factor Expressions with Fractional or Negative Exponents

▪ Factor expressions using fractional or negative exponents (10, 10)

▪ Factor expressions using greatest common factor and other

technique (6)
▪ 1.6 Rational Expressions
▪ Multiply and Divide Rational Expressions
▪ Simplify rational expressions (5)

▪ Multiply rational expressions (6)

▪ Divide rational expressions (6)

▪ Add and Subtract Rational Expressions and Simplify Complex

Rational Expressions
▪ Add and subtract rational expressions (40)

▪ Simplify complex rational expressions (10, 10)

o Chapter 2 - Equations and Inequalities
▪ 2.1 The Rectangular Coordinate Systems and Graphs

▪ Cartesian Coordinates and Distances

▪ Plot ordered pairs in a Cartesian coordinate system (5)

▪ Graph equations by plotting points (10, 10)

▪ Use the distance formula, given two points (20)

▪ Use the midpoint formula (20)

▪ 2.2 Linear and Rational Equations in One Variable

▪ Solve Linear Equations in One Variable
▪ Identify identity, conditional, and inconsistent equations (6)

▪ Solve equations in one variable algebraically, variable just on one

side (40)
▪ Solve equations in one variable algebraically, variable on both sides
(40)
▪ Solve Rational Equations
▪ Solve a rational equation, monomials in denominator (6)

▪ Solve a rational equation, binomials in denominator (10, 10)

▪ Solve a rational equation, requires factoring to find least common

denominator (5)
▪ Identify Slopes and Intercepts
▪ Find the slope of a line given two points (5)

▪ Understand the relationship between the slope and y-intercept of a

line and its equation (40)
▪ Find x -intercepts and y -intercepts (6)

▪ Find Linear Equations

▪ Find equation of a line, in slope-intercept form, given slope and one
point (point-slope formula) (40)
▪ Find equation, in slope-intercept form, of a line passing through
two given points (5)
▪ Given slope and intercept, find the equation of a line and write it in
standard form (20)
▪ Find the equation of vertical and horizontal lines (40)

▪ Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

▪ Given the equations of two lines, determine whether their graphs
are parallel or perpendicular (40)
 ▪ Write the equation of a line parallel to a given line (40)

▪ Write the equation of a line perpendicular to a given line (40)

▪ 2.3 Models and Applications

▪ Word Problems with Linear Equations
▪ Set up a linear equation to solve a real-world application (40, 10)

▪ Translate verbal expressions into mathematical expressions (40)

▪ Use a formula to solve a real-world application (40)

▪ Problem Solving
▪ Solve simple interest applications (7, 8, 6)

▪ Solve a formula for a specified variable (10, 10)

▪ Use a formula to solve a geometric application (10, 10)

▪ Use the Pythagorean theorem (5)

▪ 2.4 Complex Numbers

▪ Basics of Complex Numbers
▪ Express the square root of a negative number as a multiple of i (6)

▪ Simplify powers of i (20)

▪ Operations on Complex Numbers

▪ Add and subtract complex numbers (40)

▪ Multiply a complex number by a real number (20)

▪ Multiply two complex numbers (20)

▪ Divide two complex numbers (20)

▪ 2.5 Quadratic Equations

▪ Solve Quadratic Equations by Factoring
▪ Solve quadratic equations by factoring, leading coefficient 1 (5)

▪ Solve quadratic equations by factoring, leading coefficient > 1 (5)

▪ Complete the Square

▪ Solve quadratic equations by the square root property (20)

▪ Solve quadratic equations by completing the square (5)

▪ Quadratic Formula
▪ Use the discriminant to classify the solutions of a quadratic
equation (6)
▪ Solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (20)
▪ 2.6 Other Types of Equations
▪ Solve Higher Order Equations with Factoring
▪ Solve equations by factoring out the greatest common factor (5)

▪ Solve equations by factoring with grouping (6)

▪ Solve Equations Quadratic in Form by Factoring

▪ Solve fourth-degree equation in quadratic form (5)

▪ Solve quadratic with binomial (5)

▪ Solve Radical Equations

▪ Solve radical equations with a single radical (20)

▪ Solve radical equations with two radicals (20)

▪ Solve Other Types of Equations

▪ Solve equations using reciprocal exponents (10, 10)

▪ Solve equations involving rational exponents by factoring out the

greatest common factor (5)
▪ Solve rational equation which leads to a quadratic (5)

▪ 2.7 Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value Inequalities

▪ Interval Notation and Inequalities
▪ Use interval notation (10, 10)

▪ Use properties of inequalities (40)

▪ Solve simple inequalities in one variable algebraically (5)

▪ Solve compound inequalities in one variable algebraically (40)

▪ Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities

▪ Solve absolute value equations (10, 10)

▪ Solve absolute value inequalities (10, 10)

▪ Applications with Linear Inequalities

▪ Translate words to an inequality and solve applications with linear
inequalities (10, 5, 5)
▪ Solve applications with compound inequalities (10, 10)

▪ Solve applications with absolute value (5)

▪ 2.8 Inequalities Requiring Factoring

▪ Rational and Quadratic Inequalities
 ▪ Solve quadratic inequalities in one variable, graph the solution set,
and express the solution set using interval notation (10, 10)
▪ Solve inequalities that involve rational expressions, graph the
solution sets, and express the solution set using interval notation
(10, 10)
o Chapter 3 - Functions
▪ 3.1 Functions and Function Notation

▪ Relations and Functions

▪ Identify domain and range from a set of ordered pairs (20)

▪ Determine whether a relation represents a function (10)

▪ Use the vertical line test to identify functions (10)

▪ One-to-One Functions
▪ Determine whether a function is one-to-one (40)

▪ Use the horizontal line test to identify one-to-one functions (10)

▪ Function Notation
▪ Evaluate a function using function notation (40)

▪ Solve a function using function notation (20)

▪ Evaluate or solve a function from a table (10)

▪ Evaluate or solve a function from a graph (10)

▪ 3.2 Absolute Value Functions and Other Toolkit Functions

▪ Graph Absolute Value Functions
▪ Graph an absolute value function (10, 10)

▪ Toolkit Functions
▪ Identify graphs of toolkit functions (5, 5)

▪ 3.3 Domain and Range

▪ Domain and Range of Functions
▪ Find the domain of a function defined by an equation (40)

▪ Find the domain and range of a function defined by a graph (10,

10)
▪ Piecewise Functions
▪ Graph piecewise-defined functions (10, 10)

▪ Evaluate piecewise-defined functions (10, 10)

▪ 3.4 Rates of Change and Behavior of Graphs

 ▪ Graphical Properties of Functions
▪ Use a graph to locate the absolute maximum and absolute
minimum (5)
▪ Use a graph to determine intervals of increase and decrease (24)

▪ Use a graph to determine local extrema (10, 10)

▪ Find the average rate of change of a function (10, 10)

▪ Difference Quotients
▪ Determine the difference quotient (40)

▪ 3.5 Composition of Functions

▪ Combinations of Functions
▪ Combine functions using algebraic operations (40)

▪ Create a new function by composition of functions (40)

▪ Evaluate Composite Functions

▪ Evaluate composite functions given a table of values (10)

▪ Evaluate composite functions given the graph of functions (10, 10)

▪ Evaluate composite functions given explicit functions (10, 10)

▪ Properties of Composite Functions

▪ Find the domain of a composite function (10, 10)

▪ Decompose a composite function into its component functions (10)

▪ 3.6 Function Graphs and Transformations

▪ Transformations of Functions
▪ Graph functions using vertical and horizontal shifts (5)

▪ Graph functions using reflections about the x-axis and the y-axis
(5)
▪ Graph functions using compressions and stretches (5)

▪ Combine transformations (6)

▪ Even and Odd Functions

▪ Determine whether a function is even, odd, or neither from its
graph (10)
▪ Determine whether a function is even, odd, or neither given
algebraically (40)
▪ 3.7 Inverse Functions
▪ Inverse Function Values
 ▪ Verify inverse function ordered pairs (10)

▪ Given graph of a function, find value of inverse function (10, 10)

▪ Given table of values of a function, find value of inverse function

(10, 10)
▪ Find Inverse Functions
▪ Verify inverse function pairs algebraically (10, 10, 10, 5)

▪ Determine the domain and range of an inverse function, and

restrict the domain of a function to make it one-to-one (5)
▪ Given function, find the inverse function (6, 6, 6)

▪ Use the graph of a one-to-one function to graph its inverse function

on the same axes (5)
▪ 3.8 Circles
▪ Graphs of Circles
▪ Given the equation of a circle not in standard form, determine the
standard form by completing the square (5)
▪ Determine the center and radius of a circle from the standard
equation of a circle and sketch its graph (40)
o Chapter 4 - Linear Functions and Modeling
▪ 4.1 Linear Functions

▪ Interpretations of Linear Functions

▪ Represent a linear function in table form (10)

▪ Determine whether a linear function is increasing, decreasing, or

constant (10)
▪ Interpret slope as a rate of change (5)

▪ Represent a real-world application as a linear function (5)

▪ Graph linear functions (6)

▪ 4.2 Modeling with Linear Functions

▪ Applications of Linear Functions
▪ Build linear models from verbal descriptions, given a y-intercept
(40)
▪ Build linear models from verbal descriptions, given inputs and
outputs (40)
▪ Use a diagram to build a model (10, 10, 10)

▪ Model a set of data with a linear function (33)

▪ 4.3 Fitting Linear Models to Data

 ▪ Scatter Diagrams and Lines of Best Fit
▪ Draw and interpret scatter diagrams (10, 10)

▪ Distinguish between linear and nonlinear relations (10, 10)

▪ Linear Regressions
▪ Find the line of best fit using a graphing utility (5)

▪ Use the line of best fit to make predictions (5)

o Chapter 5 - Polynomial and Rational Functions
▪ 5.1 Quadratic Functions

▪ Characteristics of Parabolas
▪ Determine axis of symmetry and vertex of parabolas from a graph
(6)
▪ Determine x- and y-intercepts of parabolas from a graph (6)

▪ Find the direction a parabola opens and its axis of symmetry and
vertex from the general form of its equation (10, 10, 10)
▪ Identify the axis of symmetry and vertex of a parabola from its
equation in standard form (10, 10)
▪ Graphs of Quadratic Functions
▪ Write the equation of a quadratic function given vertex and a point
on a graph (5)
▪ Write the equation of a quadratic function given intercepts on a
graph (5)
▪ Write the equation of a quadratic function in standard form given
the equation in general form (5)
▪ Applications of Quadratic Functions
▪ Find the domain and range of a quadratic function (5)

▪ Determine the maximum and minimum values of quadratic

functions (40)
▪ Find the x- and y-intercepts of a quadratic function (10, 10)

▪ Use a quadratic function to model projectile motion (40)

▪ Quadratic Regressions
▪ Find the parabola of best fit using a graphing utility (5)

▪ Use a parabola of best fit to make predictions (6, 10, 6)

▪ 5.2 Graphs of Polynomial and Power Functions

▪ End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
 ▪ Identify power functions and polynomial functions (5)

▪ Identify if a graph is a polynomial function (5)

▪ Determine end behavior (40)

▪ Local Behavior of Polynomial Functions

▪ Identify intercepts of polynomial functions in factored form (10,
10)
▪ Understand the relationship between degree, turning points, and x-
intercepts (5)
▪ Understand the intermediate value theorem (10, 10)

▪ Use factoring to find zeros of polynomial functions (10, 10)

▪ Identify zeros and their multiplicities from an equation or a graph

(6)
▪ Write and Graph Polynomial Functions
▪ Draw conclusions about a polynomial function from a graph (5)

▪ Graph polynomial functions (5)

▪ Write a formula for a polynomial function from a graph

▪ Determine equation of a polynomial given key information (10, 10)

▪ 5.3 Dividing Polynomials

▪ Long Division of Polynomials
▪ Use long division to divide polynomials (40)

▪ Use polynomial division to solve application problems (40)

▪ Synthetic Division and Remainder Theorem

▪ Use synthetic division to divide polynomials (40)

▪ Evaluate a polynomial using the remainder theorem (40)

▪ 5.4 Zeros of Polynomial Functions

▪ Rational Zeros of Polynomial Functions
▪ Use the factor theorem to solve a polynomial equation (40)

▪ Use the rational zero theorem to find rational zeros (40)

▪ Solve real-world applications of polynomial equations (40)

▪ Complex Zeros of Polynomial Functions

▪ Find zeros of polynomial functions with complex zeros (40)

▪ Use the linear factorization theorem to find polynomials with given

zeros (40)
 ▪ Use Descartes' rule of signs (40)

▪ 5.5 Rational Functions

▪ Asymptotic Behavior of Rational Functions
▪ Identify removable discontinuities of rational functions (10, 10)

▪ Identify horizontal asymptotes of rational functions (40)

▪ Identify slant asymptotes of rational functions (10, 10)

▪ Use arrow notation to describe local behavior and end behavior of

rational functions (5)
▪ Identify vertical asymptotes of rational functions (40)

▪ Graphs and Applications of Rational Functions

▪ Solve applied problems involving rational functions (40)

▪ Find the intercepts of a rational function (40)

▪ Graph rational functions (10, 10)

▪ Find the equation of a rational function from a graph (10, 10)

▪ 5.6 Inverses and Radical Functions

▪ Inverses of Polynomial Functions
▪ Find the inverse of an invertible polynomial function (40)

▪ Restrict the domain to find the inverse of a polynomial function

(40)
▪ Solve an application with the inverse of a function (40)

▪ Inverses of Radical and Rational Functions

▪ Find the inverse of a square root function (20)

▪ Find the inverse of a cube root function (20)

▪ Find the value of an inverse radical function (40)

▪ Find the domain of a radical function composed with a rational

function (5)
▪ Find the inverse of a rational function (5)

▪ 5.7 Modeling Using Variation

▪ Direct and Inverse Variation
▪ Solve direct variation problems (40)

▪ Solve inverse variation problems (40)

▪ Solve problems involving joint variation (40)

o Chapter 6 - Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
▪ 6.1 Exponential Functions
▪ Evaluate and Write Exponential Functions
▪ Identify exponential functions (40)

▪ Evaluate exponential functions (40)

▪ Find the equation of an exponential function given the initial value

and a point (40)
▪ Find the equation of an exponential function when the initial value
is not known (40)
▪ Applications of Exponential Functions and Base e
▪ Find the equation of an exponential function in a word problem
context (7, 10, 10)
▪ Calculate compound interest (40)

▪ Evaluate exponential functions with base e (20)

▪ Calculate continuous growth and decay (40)

▪ 6.2 Graphs of Exponential Functions

▪ Exponential Function Graphs
▪ Graph exponential functions (10, 10)

▪ Graph exponential functions using transformations (5)

▪ Find the equation of an exponential function given a graph (5)

▪ Write an exponential function from a description (40)

▪ 6.3 Logarithmic Functions

▪ Relate Logarithms and Exponents
▪ Convert from logarithmic to exponential form (40)

▪ Convert from exponential to logarithmic form (40)

▪ Evaluate Logarithmic Expressions

▪ Evaluate logarithms with positive integer solutions (40)

▪ Evaluate logarithms with negative integer solutions (10, 10, 10)

▪ Use common logarithms (40)

▪ Use natural logarithms (40)

▪ 6.4 Graphs of Logarithmic Functions

▪ Logarithmic Function Graphs
▪ Identify the domain of a logarithmic function (40)
 ▪ Graph logarithmic functions (5)

▪ Graph transformations of logarithmic functions (5)

▪ Write a logarithmic function from a description (40)

▪ 6.5 Logarithmic Properties

▪ Basic Properties of Logarithms
▪ Understand the basic properties of logarithms (10)

▪ Use the product rule for logarithms (40)

▪ Use the quotient rule for logarithms (40)

▪ Use the power rule for logarithms (40)

▪ Rewrite Logarithmic Expressions Using Properties

▪ Expand logarithmic expressions (40)

▪ Condense logarithmic expressions (40)

▪ Use the change-of-base formula for logarithms (40)

▪ 6.6 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations

▪ Solve Exponential Equations
▪ Use like bases to solve exponential equations (40)

▪ Rewrite equations so all powers have the same base and solve
exponential equations (40)
▪ Use logarithms to solve exponential equations (40)

▪ Solve an equation with a base e using natural logarithms (40)

▪ Solve Logarithmic Equations

▪ Use the definition of a logarithm to solve logarithmic equations (10,
10)
▪ Use logarithm properties and the definition of the logarithm to
solve logarithmic equations (40)
▪ Use the one-to-one property of logarithms to solve logarithmic
equations (40)
▪ 6.7 Exponential and Logarithmic Models
▪ Applications of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
▪ Model exponential growth (40)

▪ Model exponential decay (40)

▪ Applied logarithmic models (40)

▪ Choose an appropriate model for data (40)

 ▪ Express an exponential model in base e (5)

▪ 6.8 Fitting Exponential Models to Data

▪ Exponential and Logarithmic Regressions
▪ Build an exponential model from data using a graphing utility (10,
10)
▪ Build a logarithmic model from data using a graphing utility (10,
10)
▪ Logistic Growth Models
▪ Use logistic growth models (5)

▪ Build a logistic model from data using a graphing utility (10, 10)
o Chapter 7 - Right Triangle Trigonometry and the Unit Circle
▪ 7.1 Vocabulary of Angles and Triangles

▪ Types of Angles
▪ Identify right, acute, obtuse, and straight angles

▪ Understand supplementary and complementary angles

▪ Angles, Triangles, and the Pythagorean Theorem

▪ Find the measures of angles of a triangle using properties

▪ Use properties of similar triangles to solve for a missing side

▪ 7.2 Angles as Rotations and Arc Length

▪ Angles as Rotations and Radian Measures
▪ Identify the measure of positive and negative angles in standard
position and the quadrant of the terminal side (10, 11)
▪ Convert between degree and radian measure of an angle (20)

▪ Understand when two angles are coterminal (10, 10)

▪ Arc Length and Area of a Sector

▪ Find the length of an arc (40)

▪ Find the area of a sector of a circle (40)

▪ Understand the relationship between linear and angular speed (40)

▪ 7.3 Right Triangle Trigonometry

▪ The Six Trigonometric Ratios
▪ Use right triangles to evaluate sine, cosine, and tangent functions
(6, 6)
▪ Evaluate reciprocal trigonometric functions using right triangles
for a sine, cosine, or tangent function (3, 6, 6, 6)
 ▪ Evaluate trigonometric functions of angles not in standard position
(5)
▪ Use Right Triangle Trigonometry in Solving Problems
▪ Find missing side lengths using trig ratios (5)

▪ Use right triangle trigonometry to solve applied problems (5)

▪ 7.4 The Unit Circle

▪ Sine and Cosine Values in the First Quadrant
▪ Understand sine and cosine values on the unit circle (40)

▪ Find exact sine and cosine values for angles in the first quadrant of
the unit circle (40)
▪ Sine and Cosine Values with Reference Angles
▪ Find the reference angle for a given angle (40)

▪ Use reference angles to evaluate sine and cosine functions (11, 10)

▪ Use reference angles to find coordinates on the unit circle (40)

▪ Evaluate sine and cosine functions with a calculator (40)

▪ 7.5 The Other Trigonometric Functions

▪ The Other Trigonometric Ratios on the Unit Circle
▪ Find the secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent values for angles
in the first quadrant of the unit circle (40)
▪ Use reference angles to evaluate secant, cosecant, tangent, and
cotangent functions (40)
▪ Evaluate trigonometric functions with a calculator (40)

▪ Use Given Trigonometric Ratios to Find Other Ratios

▪ Understand the relationship between the quadrant in which an
angle falls and the signs of the trig functions of that angle (31)
▪ Use the pythagorean identity (40)

▪ Find the values of all trigonometric functions given coordinates on

a unit circle (40)
▪ Find the values of all trigonometric functions given the value of one
trigonometric function (40)
o Chapter 8 - Periodic Functions
▪ 8.1 Sine and Cosine Graphs

▪ Characteristics of Sine and Cosine Graphs

▪ Graph the sine function and understand its properties (40)
 ▪ Graph the cosine function and understand its properties (40)

▪ Transformations of Sine and Cosine Graphs

▪ Determine the period and amplitude of a sinusoidal function (40)

▪ Determine the phase shift and vertical shift of a sinusoidal function

(40)
▪ Graph Sine and Cosine Functions
▪ Find the equation of a sinusoidal function given a graph (10, 10)

▪ Find the graph of a sinusoidal function given equation (5)

▪ Use sinusoidal functions to solve real-world applications (40)

▪ 8.2 Graphs of Other Trigonometric Functions

▪ Characteristics of Tangent and Cotangent Graphs
▪ Graph tangent functions (10, 10)

▪ Graph cotangent functions (10, 10)

▪ Transformations of Tangent and Cotangent Functions

▪ Graph tangent or cotangent functions over different periods (5)

▪ Graph transformations of tangent and cotangent functions (5)

▪ Characteristics of Secant and Cosecant Graphs

▪ Graph cosecant functions (10, 10)

▪ Graph secant functions (10, 10)

▪ Graph Secant and Cosecant Functions

▪ Graph transformations of cosecant functions (5)

▪ Graph transformations of secant functions (5)

▪ Find the equation of a cosecant function from a graph (10, 10)

▪ Find the equation of a secant function from a graph (10, 10)

▪ 8.3 Inverse Trigonometric Functions

▪ Introduction to Inverse Trigonometric Functions
▪ Understand inverse sine, cosine, and tangent functions (24)

▪ Understand inverse secant, cosecant, and cotangent functions (23)

▪ Use a calculator to evaluate inverse trigonometric functions (40)

▪ Solve Triangles with Inverse Trigonometric Functions

▪ Find an angle given two sides of a right triangle (10, 10)

▪ Solve right triangle problems (5)

 ▪ Compose Functions with Inverse Trigonometric Functions
▪ Evaluate composite functions with inverse trigonometric functions
in the form f(f-1(x)) or f(g-1(x)) (40)
▪ Evaluate composite functions with inverse trigonometric functions
in the form f-1(f(x)) or f-1(g(x)) (40)
o Chapter 9 - Trigonometric Identities and Equations
▪ 9.1 Fundamental Trigonometric Identities

▪ Simplify Expressions with Basic Trigonometric Identities

▪ Understand quotient and reciprocal identities (10, 10)

▪ Use even and odd identities in simplifying trigonometric

expressions (5)
▪ Use Pythagorean and Cofunction Identities
▪ Understand all forms of the pythagorean identity (40)

▪ Use the cofunction identities (40)

▪ Verify Trigonometric Identities

▪ Use all identities to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)

▪ Use algebraic techniques to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)

▪ 9.2 Sum and Difference Identities

▪ Sum and Difference Formulas
▪ Use the sum and difference formula for cosine (40)

▪ Use the sum and difference formula for sine (40)

▪ Use the sum and difference formula for tangent (40)

▪ Use the sum and difference formulas to simplify trigonometric

expressions (5)
▪ 9.3 Double-Angle, Half-Angle, and Reduction Formulas
▪ Double-Angle Formulas
▪ Use double-angle formulas to find values of trigonometric functions
(40)
▪ Use double-angle formulas to simplify trigonometric expressions
(5)
▪ Half-Angle and Power-Reduction Formulas
▪ Use reduction formulas to simplify an expression (10, 10)

▪ Use half-angle formulas to find values of trigonometric functions

(40)
 ▪ 9.4 Sum-to-Product and Product-to-Sum Formulas
▪ Sum-to-Product and Product-to-Sum Formulas
▪ Express the product of trigonometric functions as a sum (40)

▪ Express sums of trigonometric functions as a product (40)

▪ 9.5 Trigonometric Equations

▪ Trigonometric Equations in Sine and Cosine
▪ Solve linear trigonometric equations in sine (9, 40)

▪ Solve linear trigonometric equations in cosine (5)

▪ Trigonometric Equations Involving a Single Trigonometric

Function
▪ Solve linear trigonometric equations in secant and cosecant (40)

▪ Solve linear trigonometric equations in tangent and cotangent (40)

▪ Solve trigonometric equations using a calculator (40)

▪ Trigonometric Equations in Quadratic Form or Requiring

Factoring
▪ Solve equations with a single trigonometric function (40)

▪ Solve factorable trigonometric equations in quadratic form (40)

▪ Solve trigonometric equations in quadratic form requiring the

quadratic formula (40)
▪ Trigonometric Equations Requiring Identities or Multiple Angles
▪ Solve trigonometric equations using fundamental identities (10, 10,
10, 10)
▪ Solve trigonometric equations with multiple angles (40)

▪ Solve trigonometric equations using cofunction identities (40)

o Chapter 10 - Further Applications of Trigonometry
▪ 10.1 Non-right Triangles - Law of Sines

▪ Law of Sines
▪ Use the law of sines to solve ASA or AAS triangles (10, 10, 10)

▪ Use the law of sines to solve SSA triangles (10, 10)

▪ Solve applied problems with the law of sines (5)

▪ 10.2 Non-right Triangles - Law of Cosines and Area of Oblique Triangles

▪ Law of Cosines
▪ Use the law of cosines to solve SAS triangles (5, 5)
 ▪ Use the law of cosines to solve SSS triangles

▪ Solve applied problems with the law of cosines (5)

▪ Area of Oblique Triangles

▪ Find the area of an oblique triangle using the sine function (10, 10,
10)
▪ Use Heron's formula to find the area of a triangle (10, 10)

▪ 10.3 Polar Coordinates

▪ Convert Coordinates Between Rectangular and Polar Forms
▪ Plot points using polar coordinates (5)

▪ Convert from polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates (20)

▪ Convert from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates (10, 11)

▪ Convert Equations Between Rectangular and Polar Forms

▪ Write a cartesian equation in polar form (10, 10)

▪ Write a polar equation in cartesian form (10, 10)

▪ 10.4 Graphs in Polar Coordinates

▪ Introduction to Graphing Polar Equations
▪ Test a polar equation for symmetry (10, 10)

▪ Find zeros and maximum values for a polar equation and graph
polar equations by plotting points (10, 10)
▪ Graph a circle or a line from a polar equation (10, 10)

▪ Graph Classic Polar Curves

▪ Graph a cardioid from a polar equation (5)

▪ Graph a limacon from a polar equation (5)

▪ Graph a lemniscate from a polar equation (5)

▪ Graph a rose curve from a polar equation (4)

▪ 10.5 Polar Form of Complex Numbers

▪ Write Complex Numbers in Polar Form
▪ Plot complex numbers (5)

▪ Find the absolute value of a complex number (20)

▪ Write complex numbers in polar form (10, 10, 10)

▪ Convert a complex number from polar to rectangular form (20)

▪ Product and Quotient of Complex Numbers in Polar Form

 ▪ Find the product of complex numbers in polar form (20)

▪ Find the quotient of complex numbers in polar form (20)

▪ Powers and Roots of Complex Numbers in Polar Form

▪ Find powers of complex numbers in polar form (10, 10)

▪ Find roots of complex numbers in polar form (10, 11)

▪ 10.6 Parametric Equations

▪ Write Parametric Equations
▪ Parameterize a curve (10)

▪ Find the parametric equations for a line segment given an

orientation (40)
▪ Eliminate the Parameter
▪ Eliminate the parameter in linear equations (40)

▪ Eliminate the parameter in polynomial and radical equations (8)

▪ Eliminate the parameter in exponential and logarithmic equations

(40)
▪ Eliminate the parameter in trigonometric parametric equations
(40)
▪ 10.7 Graphs with Parametric Equations
▪ Graph Parametric Equations
▪ Graph parametric equations by plotting points (10, 10)

▪ Graph trigonometric parametric equations by plotting points (10,

10)
▪ Use parametric equations in applications (40)

▪ 10.8 Vectors
▪ Properties of Vectors
▪ Understand properties of vectors and find the position vector (10,
10)
▪ Find magnitude and direction of a vector (10, 10)

▪ Vector Addition and Scalar Multiplication

▪ Add or subtract vectors (20)

▪ Multiply a vector by a scalar (20)

▪ Use vector addition and scalar multiplication to find a new vector

(5)
▪ The Unit Vector
 ▪ Write a vector in terms of i and j (20)

▪ Find the unit vector (20)

▪ Perform operations on vectors in terms of i and j (20)

▪ Write a vector in terms of magnitude and direction (5)

▪ The Dot Product and Vector Applications

▪ Find the dot product of two vectors (20)

▪ Find the angle between two vectors (20)

▪ Use vectors in applications (40)

o Chapter 11 - Systems of Equations and Inequalities
▪ 11.1 Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables

▪ Graphing Systems of Linear Equations

▪ Determine whether an ordered pair is a solution to a system of
equations (10)
▪ Solve systems of equations in two variables by graphing (10, 10)

▪ Solving Systems of Linear Equations

▪ Solve systems of equations in two variables by substitution (5)

▪ Solve systems of equations in two variables by addition (10, 10)

▪ Identify inconsistent and dependent systems of equations

containing two variables, and express the solution of dependent
equations (10, 10)
▪ Applications of Systems of Linear Equations
▪ Use systems of equations to investigate profits (40)

▪ Write and solve a system of equations in two variables from a word

problem (40)
▪ Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
▪ Solve a linear inequality in two variables by graphing (10, 10)

▪ Solve a linear system of inequalities by graphing (10, 10)

▪ 11.2 Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables

▪ Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables
▪ Determine whether an ordered triple is a solution to a system (10)

▪ Solve systems of three equations in three variables (20)

▪ Identify inconsistent and dependent systems of equations

containing three variables, and express the solution of a system of
dependent equations (7, 7, 7)
▪ 11.3 Systems of Nonlinear Equations in Two Variables
▪ Systems of Two Nonlinear Equations
▪ Solve a system of nonlinear equations representing a parabola and
a line (5)
▪ Solve a system of nonlinear equations representing a circle and a
line (10, 10)
▪ Solve a system of nonlinear equations in two variables using
elimination (5)
▪ Graphing Nonlinear Inequalities and Systems of Inequalities
▪ Graph a nonlinear inequality (5)

▪ Graph a system of nonlinear inequalities (6)

▪ 11.4 Partial Fractions

▪ Partial Fraction Decomposition with Linear Factors
▪ Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has only
nonrepeated linear factors (40)
▪ Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has
repeated linear factors (40)
▪ Partial Fraction Decomposition with Quadratic Factors
▪ Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has a
nonrepeated irreducible quadratic factor (40)
▪ Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has a
repeated irreducible quadratic factor (10)
▪ 11.5 Matrices and Matrix Operations
▪ Introduction to Matrices
▪ Determine the order of a matrix and describe elements within a
matrix (40)
▪ Add or subtract matrices (40)

▪ Matrix Multiplication
▪ Multiply a matrix by a scalar (40)

▪ Find the sum or difference of scalar multiples (40)

▪ Multiply two matrices (40)

▪ 11.6 Augmented Matrices and Gaussian Elimination

▪ Solving Systems with Gaussian Elimination
▪ Convert between a system of equations and its corresponding
augmented matrix (10, 40)
 ▪ Use row operations to solve a system of linear equations in two
variables (40)
▪ Use row operations to solve a system of linear equations in three
variables (40)
▪ Use matrices to solve applications of systems of linear equations
(40)
▪ Solving Systems with Gauss-Jordan Elimination
▪ Use Gauss-Jordan elimination to solve a system of linear equations
(10, 10, 10)
▪ 11.7 Determinants of Matrices and the Inverse Matrix
▪ Finding Determinants of Matrices
▪ Find the determinant of a 2x2 matrix (40)

▪ Find the determinant of a 3x3 matrix (40)

▪ Inverse and Identity Matrices

▪ Understand the identity matrix and how it relates to the inverse
matrix (40)
▪ Determine if a matrix is invertible using the determinant (40)

▪ Find the inverse of a 2x2 matrix (40)

▪ Find the inverse of a 3x3 matrix (40)

▪ Solving Systems with Inverses

▪ Solve a system of linear equations using the inverse of a 2x2 matrix
(40)
▪ Solve a system of linear equations using the inverse of a 3x3 matrix
(40)
▪ 11.8 Cramer's Rule
▪ Solving Systems with Cramer's Rule
▪ Use Cramer's rule to solve a system of two equations in two
variables (10, 40)
▪ Use Cramer's rule to solve a system of three equations in three
variables (10, 40)
▪ Use Cramer's rule to solve inconsistent or dependent systems (40)

▪ 11.9 Linear Programming

▪ Using Linear Programming
▪ Graph a feasible region given a set of constraints (5)
 ▪ Find the maximum value of an objective function given constraints
by graphing (10, 10)
▪ Solve application problems using linear programming (10, 10)
o Chapter 12 - Conic Sections
▪ 12.1 Ellipses

▪ Ellipses Centered at the Origin

▪ Identify key points and axes of ellipses from a graph (5)

▪ Identify key points and axes of ellipses from an equation (10, 10)

▪ Write the equation in standard form of an ellipse centered at the

origin (5)
▪ Graph an ellipse centered at the origin from an equation in
standard form (5)
▪ Ellipses Not Centered at the Origin
▪ Identify key points and axes of ellipses not centered at the origin
(10, 10)
▪ Write the equation in standard form of an ellipse not centered at
the origin (10, 10)
▪ Graph an ellipse not centered at the origin (5)

▪ Ellipses Not in Standard Form and Applications of Ellipses

▪ Convert an equation of an ellipse into standard form (10)

▪ Graph an ellipse where the equation is not given in standard form

(5)
▪ Use ellipses in applications (40)

▪ 12.2 Hyperbolas
▪ Hyperbolas Centered at the Origin
▪ Locate the vertices and foci of a hyperbola from a graph (5)

▪ Identify vertices, foci, and asymptotes of a hyperbola from an

equation (10, 10)
▪ Write the equation of a hyperbola centered at the origin in
standard form (5)
▪ Graph a hyperbola centered at the origin from an equation in
standard form (10, 10)
▪ Hyperbolas Not Centered at the Origin
▪ Identify vertices, foci, and asymptotes of a hyperbola not centered
at the origin (10, 10)
▪ Write the equation of a hyperbola not centered at the origin (5)
 ▪ Graph a hyperbola not centered at the origin from an equation in
standard form (5)
▪ Hyperbolas Not in Standard Form and Applications of Hyperbolas
▪ Convert an equation of a hyperbola into standard form (40)

▪ Graph a hyperbola from an equation given in general form (5)

▪ Use hyperbolas in applications (10, 40)

▪ 12.3 Parabolas
▪ Parabolas with Vertices at the Origin
▪ Identify key components of a parabola from a graph (10, 10)

▪ Identify key components of a parabola from an equation (10, 11)

▪ Graph a parabola with its vertex at the origin (10, 10)

▪ Write the equation of a parabola with its vertex at the origin in

standard form (10, 10, 5, 10, 10)
▪ Parabolas with Vertices Not at the Origin
▪ Identify key components of a parabola with its vertex not at the
origin (10, 10)
▪ Graph a parabola with its vertex not at the origin (10, 10, 10, 10,
10, 10)
▪ Write the equation of a parabola with its vertex not at the origin in
standard form
▪ Parabolas Not in Standard Form and Applications of Parabolas
▪ Convert an equation of a parabola into standard form (40)

▪ Graph a parabola from an equation given in general form (10, 10,

10, 10, 10, 10)
▪ Use parabolas in applications (40)

▪ 12.4 Rotation of Axes

▪ Conics in General Form and Rotation of Conics
▪ Identify a conic from its general form (5)

▪ Find the location of a point after a rotation of axes (10, 10)

▪ 12.5 Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates

▪ Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates
▪ Identify the type of conic from its polar equation (5)

▪ Find the polar equation of a conic given its focus, eccentricity, and
directrix (5)
o Chapter 13 - Sequences, Probability, and Counting Theory
▪ 13.1 Sequences

▪ Introduction to Sequences
▪ Write the terms of a sequence defined by an explicit formula (10,
10)
▪ Write the terms of a sequence defined by a piecewise explicit
formula (5)
▪ Recursive Sequences
▪ Write the terms of a sequence defined by a recursive formula (10,
10)
▪ Write the terms of a sequence defined by a recursive formula with
more than one initial term (5)
▪ 13.2 Arithmetic Sequences
▪ Arithmetic Sequences
▪ Find the common difference of an arithmetic sequence (40)

▪ Write terms of an arithmetic sequence (20)

▪ Write a recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence (5)

▪ Write an explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence (5)

▪ Applications of Arithmetic Sequences

▪ Find specific terms of an arithmetic sequence given other terms
(20)
▪ Solve application problems with arithmetic sequences (40)

▪ 13.3 Geometric Sequences

▪ Geometric Sequences
▪ Find the common ratio of a geometric sequence (10, 10)

▪ Write terms of a geometric sequence (40)

▪ Write a recursive formula for a geometric sequence (5)

▪ Write an explicit formula for a geometric sequence (5)

▪ Applications of Geometric Sequences

▪ Write an explicit formula for the nth term of a sequence (10, 10)

▪ Solve application problems with geometric sequences (40)

▪ Solve geometric sequence problems (5)

▪ 13.4 Series
▪ Summation Notation and Arithmetic Series
 ▪ Evaluate expressions using summation notation (9)

▪ Find the sum of a finite arithmetic series (40)

▪ Finite and Infinite Geometric Series

▪ Find the sum of a finite geometric series (40)

▪ Determine if the sum of an infinite series is defined (40)

▪ Find the sum of an infinite geometric series (40)

▪ Applications of Series
▪ Solve application problems with arithmetic series (40)

▪ Solve application problems with geometric series (40)

▪ Find the equivalent fraction for a repeating decimal (40)

▪ Solve an annuity problem (40)

▪ 13.5 Counting Theory

▪ The Addition and Multiplication Principles
▪ Solve counting problems using the addition principle (10, 10)

▪ Solve counting problems using the multiplication principle (40)

▪ Evaluate an expression with factorials (20)

▪ Permutations
▪ Find the number of permutations of n distinct objects using the
multiplication principle (5)
▪ Find the number of permutations of n distinct objects using a
formula (40)
▪ Find the number of permutations of n non-distinct objects (40)

▪ Combinations
▪ Find the number of combinations using the formula (40)

▪ Find the number of subsets of a set (20)

▪ 13.6 Binomial Theorem

▪ Binomial Expansion
▪ Find a binomial coefficient (20)

▪ Expand a binomial using the binomial theorem (20)

▪ Use the binomial theorem to find a single term (10, 10)

▪ 13.7 Probability
▪ Basic Probability
 ▪ Compute the probability of equally likely outcomes (10, 10)

▪ Compute the probability of the union of two events (40)

▪ Use the complement rule to compute probabilities (40)

▪ Compute probability using counting theory (10)

▪ Binomial Probability
▪ Identify a binomial experiment (5)

▪ Determine the binomial probability of success in an experiment

performed multiple times (10, 10)

out of Learning Objectives have pooled content