CHINMAYA

VIDYALAYA

ACTIVITY FILE (XII)

PHSICS (042)
SESSION: 2023-24

SUBMITTED BY
GUIDED BY
Name –
Dr. JAY SINGH
Roll No. –
 SECTION A
ACTIVITY- 1
AIM: To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off)
switches, a fuse and a power source.
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Three bulbs (each of 5V, 1W), fuse of

0.6A, power source of 10V with tapping of 4V, 6V, 8V, main switch and connecting
wires

PRINCIPLE: For household activities in India, it requires 220V, 50Hz mains

supply with− current rating of 5A (15 A for heavy: loads like A.C. refrigeration’s,
etc.). All the appliances are always connected in parallel to the main supply, while
FUSE is connected in series
The total power consumed i is the sum of individual power consumed by
each appliance.
i.=e. P +P1+P2+P......
Where P1 P2, P3 are the power drawn by appliances individually, given by

P =VI
I= Pv
Procedure:

1. Connect bulb B1, B2 & B3, with switches S1,S2 & S3.
2. Connect the bulb-switch sets in series in parallel with each other
3. Connect the fuse in series with the power source,
4. Check the circuit again before starting the experiment.
Testing the fuse: if bulbs are of 5V, 1.0 W each then current
draw will be
I= Pv
= 15 = 0.2
For 3 bulbs total current drawn should not exceed 0.6A

Precaution:
Use insulated gloves to make connections

ACTIVITY- 2
AIM: To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off)
switches, a fuse and a power source.
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Resistor, ammeter, battery, key,

voltmeter etc.

Procedure:

1. Connect the resistor & inductor in. series with the battery,
2. Connect the Ammeter A in series for measurement of current
3. Connect the voltmeter V in parallel with the circuit for
measurement of Potential drop.

Precaution:
1. R & L should be connected in series with each other
2. Ammeter should be connected in series.
3. Voltmeter should be connected in parallel

ACTIVITY- 3
AIM: To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising of at least a
battery, a resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that
are not connected in proper order & correct the circuit and circuit diagram.
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: A battery (0 to 6V), a dry cell (1.5V),

rheostat, resistance box, two one-way keys, D.C, mills ammeter, a
voltmeter
PRINCIPLE: An open circuit is such a combination of primary components
of electrical circuit that when the circuit is closed no current is drawn from
the cell.

Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown the milli-ammeter must be

connected in series and voltmeter in parallel.
2. Switch on the key. K2 and take out 5-ohm resistance from
resistance box. Close the key K1 and note the readings of milli-
ammeter and voltmeter.
3. Adjust the battery eliminator to 4V, keeping key K2 closed &
shift the rheostat from left to right

4. Stop the sliding of rheostat as the Milli ammeter reads 0.

5. The above settings for cell it the open circuit when no current is
drawn from it
Precaution:
1. Ammeter should be connected in series
2. Voltmeter is connected in parallel with the circuit

SECTION B
 ACTIVITY- 4
AIM: To observe the refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light
passing through a glass slab
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: A sheet of white paper, glass slab,

drawing board, drawing pins meter scale pencil etc.
PRINCIPLE: When a ray of light is incident on one side of parallel
edge glass slab, it emerges from the other parallel surface in same
direction suffering some lateral displacement. Lateral displacement is
directly proportional to thickness of the glass slab.
Procedure:
1. Fix a white paper sheet on drawing board with the. help of
drawing pins
2. Place the glass slab on the paper & mark its: boundary using a
sharp pencil
3. Draw the normal NN' at point perpendicular to face PS.
4. Then draw a line AB making an angle i with the normal.
5. Now, fix two pins at points L &M at a distance 5- 10 cm apart
from each other
6. Place the glass slab on its boundary. Through face QR try to find
the image of pins & fix pins L’& M’ in the same line
 7. Remove the glass slab & pins. Put pencil marks at positions of
pins L, M, L' AND M'.
8. Join the position marks of the pins and draw the line BC.
9. Draw a normal line N1N' at c & measure angle e, it is found that
∠i= ∠e
10. Repeat the same experiment by placing the glass slab breathwise.
11. Measure the length (I) and breadth (b) of the slab: using a meter
scale.

Observations:
S.NO. Thickness of glass traversed (t) Lateral Displacement Ratio d/l
 1. PQ= CE=
2. PS=

Conclusions:
1. The emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray.
2. The lateral displacement of emergent ray increases with
Result:
The ratio d/l = constant. Lateral displacement is directly proportional to thickness
of slab.
 ACTIVITY- 5
AIM: To study the nature and size of the image formed. by convex lens on a
screen by using a candle & a screen (for different distances of the candle for the
lens/mirror).
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Convex lens, candle, optical bench,

cardboard screen, three uprights, and meter scale
PRINCIPLE: For a lens, the formula connecting object distance (u),
image distance (v) and focal length (f) is.
1 1 1
= −
f v u
And the magnification produced is
I −v
m= =
O u
For the given lens, f is constant therefore the image distance (v) and magnification
(size of image) depends upon the object distance (u). In the following table nature
& size of image formed by a convex lens for different object positions are given.
S.No. Position of object Position of Image Nature of Image Size of Image
1. Infinity F (Focus) Real & Inverted Highly diminished
2. Beyond 2F Between 2F & F Real & Inverted Diminished
3. At 2F At 2F Real & Inverted Same size
4. Between F & 2F Beyond 2F Real & Inverted Magnified
5. At F At infinity Real & Inverted Highly magnified
6. Between F & On the same side Virtual & Erect Enlarged
Optical Centre as in the object

Procedure:
1. Find the approximate focal length of the lens by making a
clear image of some distant object
2. Mount candle & lens on same uprights & screen on the third
upright.

3. Place the candle upright as far as possible from the lens on the
optical bench. Adjust the screen upright to get a clear image of
candle.
 4. Record your observation regarding position, nature & size of the
image
5. Repeat above steps by positioning candle beyond 2F, at 2F,
between 2F and F, at f & between F and optical Centre of the
lens.
6. Record the observations
Observations:
1. Approximate focal length of the lens f:______ cm
2. Distance of F from optical centre of lens. OF = F =_______ cm
3. Distance of 2F from optical centre of lens = 2F = _______ cm
4. Table for v and u
S.No. Position of object Position of Image Size of Image Nature of Image
1. For away from lens Real & Inverted
2. Beyond 2F Real & Inverted
3. At 2F Real & Inverted
4. Between F & 2F Real & Inverted
5. At F Real & Inverted
6. Between O & F Virtual & Erect

Result:
As the position of object changes, there would be a change in position, size
& nature of image also.
 ACTIVITY- 6
AIM: To identify a diode, a LED transistor, an IC, a resistor, and a capacitor
from mixed collection of such items.
:

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Mixed collection of diode LED, transistor,

IC, resistor, capacitor, multimeter, etc.

DIOD LED
E

TRANSISTO CAPACITO
R

IC RESISTOR
PRINCIPLE:
Identification based upon Number of Terminals
1. Diode, LED, resistor and capacitor have two terminals.
2. Transistor has three terminals.
3. IC has 8 or more terminals. (minimum 8 terminals)
Identification based upon Resistance:
4. Resistor show constant resistance hence constant current flows
when connected to DC.
5. Capacitor initially shows high current which decreases to zero.
Diode
6. In forward bias diode shows at unidirectional flow of current. It
shows no conduction when connected in bias.
Procedure:
1. Separate on the basis of number of terminals
2. Look for the items with largest number of legs. this is IC
3. Item with three terminals is transistor
4. Now you are left with items with two terminals
5. Identify these remaining items on the basis of resistance
6. Connect the multimeter's back probe to common and red probe
to positive end of the component
i. If the multimeter shows constant deflection, then the
component it is a resistor
ii. If the multimeter shows deflection when red probe was
connected to P but shows no deflection when the black
probe is connected to P then the component id diode.
iii. If the diode emits light then it is an LED (light emitting
diode)
iv. If the multimeter shows full scale deflection initially and
soon the deflection becomes zero then the component is a
Capacitor