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m2 Chapter 01 Introduction To ML

This document provides an introduction to machine learning, including definitions of key concepts like models, supervised and unsupervised learning, and applications. It explains that machine learning allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed and discusses challenges and processes in machine learning.

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Hariom Pandey
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705 views31 pages

m2 Chapter 01 Introduction To ML

This document provides an introduction to machine learning, including definitions of key concepts like models, supervised and unsupervised learning, and applications. It explains that machine learning allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed and discusses challenges and processes in machine learning.

Uploaded by

Hariom Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine

Learning
S. Sridhar and M. Vijayalakshmi

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Chapter 1

Introduction to Machine Learning

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Need for Machine Learning?
• BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS HAVE NUMEROUS DATA
• NEED TO ANALYZE DATA FOR TAKING DECISIONS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Popularity for Machine Learning
• HIGH VOLUME PF DATA
• REDUCED COST OF STORAGE
• AVAILABILITY OF COMPLEX ALGORITHMS AND TOOLS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


What is Machine Learning?
• “MACHINE LEARNING IS A FIELD OF STUDY THAT GIVES THE COMPUTERS TO
LEARN WITHOUT BEING EXPLICITLY PROGRAMMED”

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


What is a model?
A MODEL CAN BE ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING –

• MATHEMATICAL EQUATION
• RELATIONAL DIAGRAMS LIKE GRAPHS/TREES
• LOGICAL IF/ELSE RULES
• GROUPINGS CALLED CLUSTERS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


What is a model?
A MODEL CAN BE ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING –

• MATHEMATICAL EQUATION
• RELATIONAL DIAGRAMS LIKE GRAPHS/TREES
• LOGICAL IF/ELSE RULES
• GROUPINGS CALLED CLUSTERS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Another view of Machine Learning
• TOM MITCHELL DEFINITION OF MACHINE LEARNING

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


MCHINE LEARNING AND AI
• RELATION BETWEEN MACHINE LEARNING AND AI

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning and Data Science
• DATA SCIENCE IS AN “UMBRELLA TERM” COVERING FROM DATA
COLLECTION TO DATA ANALYSIS.

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning and Data Science
• CHARACTERISTICS OF BIG DATA

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning and Data Science
• DATA SCIENCE AND DATA MINING

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning and Data Science
• DATA SCIENCE AND DATA ANALYTICS / PATTERN RECOGNITION

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning and Statistics
ROLE OF STATISTICS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning Types

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Labelled Data

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Unlabeled Data
DATA THAT IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH LABELS ARE CALLED UNLABELLED DATA

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Supervised Learning
CLASSSIFICATION

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Supervised Learning
KEY ALGORITHMS

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Supervised Learning
REGRESSION ALGORITHMS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Unsupervised Learning
CLUSTERING IS GROUPING PROCESS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Unsupervised Learning
KEY ALGORITHMS OF UNSUPERVISED LEARNING

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Key Differences

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Semi-supervised Learning

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Reinforcement Learning

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Challenges of Machine Learning
1. ILL-POSED PROBLEMS – PROBLEMS WHOSE SPECIFICATIONS ARE NOT CLEAR
2. HUGE DATA
3. HUGE COMPUTATION POWER
4. COMPLEXITY OF ALGORITHMS
5. BIAS-VARIANCE

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning Process
MACHINE LEARNING/DATA MINING PROCESS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning Applications
MACHINE LEARNING MAJOR APPLICATIONS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Machine Learning Applications
MACHINE LEARNING MAJOR APPLICATIONS

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Summary

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved


Summary

© Oxford University Press 2021. All rights reserved

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