Student Edition Sampler

Grade 3

Reveal the Full Potential

in Every Student
 Unit
2
Use Place Value to Fluently Add
and Subtract within 1,000
Focus Question
How can I use strategies to add and subtract efficiently?

Hi, I’m Saffron.

I want to be a pastry chef! An angel food cake
recipe says to use a peach, a pear, and some
strawberries. Each fruit has a different mass.
To make this dessert, I need to find the mass
of all the fruits combined. To be a pastry chef,
it is important to know how to use place value
to add and subtract.

PEPPER PEPPER
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

BAKING
SODA
PEPPER SAFFRON PEPPER SALT

STEM
video

31

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 Name

Penny Estimation
Listen to your teacher. Estimate the number of pennies that will fit in
each rectangle.

A B

C
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

32 Ignite! • Penny Estimation

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 Lesson 2-1
Represent 4-Digit Numbers

Be Curious
What do you notice?
What do you wonder?
Leonardo Gonzalez/Shutterstock
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How does identifying your
feelings and emotions help you?

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 Learn
What are some ways to represent
this number?
2,138 fish
4-digit numbers have thousands,
hundreds, tens, and ones.

You can use place-value You can use base-ten blocks.

charts.
thousands hundreds tens ones

2 1 3 8
2 cubes 1 flat 3 rods 8 units
2,000 100 30 8

You can read and write the number in different forms.

standard form 2,138
expanded form 2,000 + 100 + 30 + 8
word form two thousand, one hundred thirty-eight

Math is... Generalizations

You can use an understanding
How is representing 4-digit

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education Leonardo Gonzalez/Shutterstock

of place value to represent a
numbers the same as representing
4-digit number.
3-digit numbers?

Work Together

How can you represent 1,208 in expanded form and word form?

34 Lesson 1 • Represent 4-Digit Numbers

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 On My Own
Name

What number is represented by the base-ten blocks?

1. 2.

thousands hundreds tens ones thousands hundreds tens ones

How can you represent the number in the place-value chart and
in expanded form?
3. 2,446 4. 4,729
thousands hundreds tens ones thousands hundreds tens ones

How can you represent the number shown in standard form and
expanded form?
5. three thousand, one hundred twelve
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

6. six thousand, eighty-seven

7. seven thousand, two hundred twenty-four

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 How can you represent the number shown in standard form
and expanded form?
8.

How can you represent the number in standard form?

9. 8,000 + 500 + 2 10. 9,000 + 50 + 2

11. STEM Connection 1,455 customers visited

Saffron’s pastry shop this month. Last month
1,355 customers came to the shop. Explain how
she can use place value to determine the
difference in the number of customers.

12. Extend Your Thinking Use the digits shown to write

a number with the least possible value. Write the number
in standard form, expanded form, and word form.
3 8 8 2

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Reflect
How does place value help you write
a number in word form? Math is... Mindset
What feelings did you
experience today and
how did you know?

36 Lesson 1 • Represent 4-Digit Numbers

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 Lesson 2-2
Round Multi-Digit Numbers

Be Curious
What do you notice?
What do you wonder?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education 3d_kot/iStock/Getty Images Plus/Getty Images

Math is... Mindset

What can you do to work
together with your classmates?

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 Learn
About how many blocks are there?
You can round to describe about how many.
127 blocks
When you round to the nearest 10 or 100, you determine
a ten or a hundred that is close to the original number.

One Way Use a number line to round.

Round to the nearest 10.
127 is to the right of the halfway
point. It rounds to 130. 120 125 127 130

Round to the nearest 100.

127 is to the left of the halfway
point. It rounds to 100. 100 127 150 200

Another Way Use place value to round.

Round to the nearest 10. 127 Round to the nearest 100. 127

If the digit in the ones place If the digit in the tens place
is 5 or greater, round up. 130 is less than 5, round down. 100

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education 3d_kot/iStock/Getty Images Plus/Getty Images

You can round to make a number easier
Math is... Generalizations
to work with when an exact number is
not needed. When is rounding a useful
strategy?

Work Together

Ellie rounds 255 to 260. Carter rounds 255 to 300. Why are
their numbers different?

38 Lesson 2 • Round Multi-Digit Numbers

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 On My Own
Name

How can you use a number line to round?

1. Round 27 to the nearest 10. 2. Round 896 to the nearest 10.

How can you use place value to round?

3. Round 48 to the nearest 10. 4. Round 273 to the nearest 10.

How can you use a number line to round? Show your work.
5. Round 436 to the nearest 100. 6. Round 672 to the nearest 100.

436 rounded to the nearest 100 672 rounded to the nearest 100
is . is .

7. Why can the number 78 round to 80 and 100? Explain.

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

8. A number rounded to the nearest 10 is 240. What number

could it be?

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 9. How can you use the number line to show why 678 rounded
to the nearest 100 is 700? Explain your reasoning.

10. Error Analysis Tess says that 315 rounded to the nearest 10
is 310. Do you agree? Explain your reasoning.

11. Jack is making a fruit salad. He puts in 9 strawberries,

25 orange wedges, 19 kiwi slices, 27 blueberries, 16 grapes,
and 21 raspberries. Which fruits does he use about 20 of?

12. Extend Your Thinking Sam is shopping. He has $50.

He wants to buy dog food that costs $15, vegetables
that cost $22, and fruits that cost $12. How can Sam
use rounding to make sure he has enough money?

Reflect
When might you want to round to the nearest 10 instead of
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

the nearest 100?

Math is... Mindset

How did you work together
with your classmates?

40 Lesson 2 • Round Multi-Digit Numbers

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 Unit 2
Rounding Numbers
Name

Circle all correct answers for the problem.

1. Suppose you rounded to the Explain your choices.

nearest 10. Which numbers
below would round to 630?
Circle all of them.
a. 632
b. 638
c. 627
d. 625
e. 623
f. 635
g. 534
h. 529
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

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 Circle all correct answers for the problem.

2. Suppose you rounded to the Explain your choices.

nearest 100. Which numbers
below would round to 900?
Circle all of them.
a. 956
b. 871
c. 943
d. 839
e. 962
f. 819
g. 988
h. 925

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Reflect On Your Learning

I am I’m still I can teach
I understand.
confused. learning. someone else.

42 Math Probe • Rounding Numbers

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 Lesson 2-3
Estimate Sums and Differences

Be Curious
What could you ask?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education (l)NSP-RF/Alamy Stock Photo, (r)Sergey Novikov/Shutterstock

Math is... Mindset

How can you recognize and
understand how others are feeling?
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 Learn
Carter is 122 centimeters tall. The giraffe is
576 centimeters tall.

About how much taller is the giraffe?

Compatible numbers are numbers that are

easy to work with.

One Way Round to the nearest Another Way Use other

10 or 100. compatible numbers.
576 - 122 = ? 576 - 122 = ?

580 - 120 = 460 575 - 125 = 450

Math is... Choosing Tools

576 - 122 = ?
How can estimating a sum
or difference help to detect
600 - 100 = 500 possible errors?

(l)NSP-RF/Alamy Stock Photo, (r)Sergey Novikov/Shutterstock

You can use compatible numbers to estimate an answer
when you do not need an exact sum or difference.

Work Together
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

An elephant eats 428 pounds of food on Thursday and

503 pounds of food on Friday. About how many pounds of food
does the elephant eat in the two days?

44 Lesson 3 • Estimate Sums and Differences

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 On My Own
Name

How can you estimate the sum or difference?

Write or draw to show your thinking.
1. 423 + 168 = ? 2. ? = 695 - 205

3. ? = 317 + 248 4. 473 + 218 = ?

5. 798 - 307 = ? 6. ? = 835 - 466

7. How can you use rounding to find the sum of 389 + 223?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

8. A complete set of baseball cards has 678 cards.

Julio needs 273 more cards to complete his set. How
can you use rounding to find about how many cards
are in Julio’s collection?

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 9. The Comic Book Shack displays 318 comic books near the
front door and keeps 502 comic books in the storage room.
How can you use compatible numbers to find about how
many comic books are in the store?

10. STEM Connection Saffron’s bakery needs to

decorate 355 cupcakes for an event. It has
decorated 223 so far. How can she determine about
how many more cupcakes they need to decorate?
Explain your reasoning.

11. Melinda estimates she traveled 830 miles last Monday and
Tuesday. She traveled 412 miles on Tuesday. About how many
miles could she have traveled on Monday?

12. Extend Your Thinking Jason has 744 flyers to deliver. If he

has delivered 62 flyers at each of his last 2 stops, about how
many flyers does he have left to deliver?

Reflect

When might you need to estimate a sum or difference in

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

your life?

Math is... Mindset

How have you worked
to understand how
others are feeling?

46 Lesson 3 • Estimate Sums and Differences

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 Lesson 2-4
Use Addition Properties to Add

Be Curious
At the school carnival, Billy won some tickets at balloon
darts, more tickets at ring toss, and the most tickets at
basketball toss.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can you explain
your thinking?

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 Learn
At the school carnival, Billy won 27 tickets at
balloon darts, 40 tickets at ring toss, and 53 tickets
at basketball toss.

How can you find the total number of tickets he won?

One Way You can group addends in any way and the sum
will be the same.
27 + 53 + 40 27 + 53 + 40

80 + 40 = 120 27 + 93 = 120

Another Way You can switch the order of the addends

and the sum will be the same.
27 + 53 + 40 = 120
40 + 27 + 53 = 120
Billy has 120 tickets.

The properties of addition can help you be Math is... Structure

more efficient when you add. How can grouping the
Grouping addends or changing the order of the addends help you add
addends can make the problem easier to solve. more efficiently?

Work Together
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Josh is completing the equation 797 + 111 = + 797.

Josh adds 797 + 111 and subtracts 797 to complete the
equation. How can Josh complete the equation another way?

48 Lesson 4 • Use Addition Properties to Add

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 On My Own
Name

How can you make the equation true?

1. 218 + 325 = 325 + 2. 465 + = 78 + 465

3. 529 + 407 = + 529 4. + 93 = 93 + 505

5. Mauricio had a sale. The table shows the number of items he

sold each day. Which expressions show how to find the total
number of items Mauricio sold? Choose all that apply.
A. 42 + 67 + 58 Items Sold
B. 67 – 58 + 42 Monday 58
C. 58 + 42 + 67 Tuesday 67
D. 58 + 67 + 24 Wednesday 42

6. How can you group the addends? Explain why you chose to
group them in that way.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

372 + 264 + 228

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 How can you show one way to group these addends and solve?
7. 157 + 17 + 783 8. 198 + 502 + 155

9. 135 + 458 + 42 10. 235 + 105 + 317

11. STEM Connection Saffron needs to order the items listed.

How can she group these numbers to find her total cost?

flour $367
boxes $358
cupcake liners $142

12. Extend Your Thinking Mrs. Ruiz is checking her receipt.

The three items cost $305, $350, and $195. How can she
use both properties of addition to add more efficiently?

Reflect
How can changing the order of three addends help you add
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

more efficiently?

Math is... Mindset

How has explaining your
thinking helped you learn?

50 Lesson 4 • Use Addition Properties to Add

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 Lesson 2-5
Addition Patterns

Be Curious
Is it always true?
Mena states that the total will always be odd if she continues
to add 4 blocks to the set.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

What rules or routines
do you follow in math?

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 Learn
Mena notices that when she adds an even
number and an odd number, the sum is odd.

How can she determine if the sum of an even number and an

odd number is always odd?

When you add even numbers and odd numbers, there are
patterns in the sums.

When you add two even numbers, When you add two odd
the sum is even. numbers, the sum is even.
246 + 100 = 346 547 + 155 = 702
432 + 224 = 656 325 + 631 = 956
318 + 480 = 798 421 + 273 = 694

When you add an even number and

an odd number, the sum is odd. Math is... Generalizations
272 + 723 = 995 Why is it true that the sum
546 + 231 = 777 of two odd numbers is
always even?
647 + 244 = 891

You can use addition patterns to help you determine a sum, or to

check your work, when you add 3-digit numbers.

Work Together
Nisha writes 135 + 232 = 167. She says her sum is correct
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

because an odd number added to an even number equals an

odd sum. Do you agree with her reasoning? Explain.

52 Lesson 5 • Addition Patterns

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 On My Own
Name

What makes the equation true? Write even or odd. Then write 2
equations with 3-digit numbers to support your answer.
1. = even + even 2. odd + even =

3. odd + = even 4. even + odd =

5. even + = even 6. = odd + odd

What is the sum? Use patterns to help justify your answer.

7. 486 + 123 = 8. 154 + 272 =
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

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 9. Why is the sum of a number with a 3 in the ones place and a
number with a 4 on in the ones place always an odd sum? .

10. How can you explain why the digits in the ones place of the
addends determine if the sum will be even or odd?

11. STEM Connection A baking sheet can hold an

even or odd number of pastries. If Saffron wants an
even number of pastries, how can she arrange the
pasteries on 2 sheets?

12. Extend Your Thinking Carol designs scarves. If she uses

112 blue, 113 yellow, and 114 brown stripes on a scarf, will the
scarf have an even or odd number of stripes? Explain how
you know.

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

How can addition patterns help you justify that a sum is correct?

Math is... Mindset

What rules or routines
did you follow in math?

54 Lesson 5 • Addition Patterns

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 Lesson 2-6
Use Partial Sums to Add

Be Curious
How are they the same?
How are they different?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

What are your
strengths in math?

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 Learn
Maggie and Tanesha break apart the addends by place value
to add 367 + 145. They show their work in different ways.
How can each girl show their work in a different way?
You can decompose, or break apart, the addends by place value
to find partial sums. Then, add the partial sums to find the sum.

One Way You can write the Another Way You can stack
addends in a row. the addends.
367 + 145 = ? 367
300 + 100 = 400 + 145
60 + 40 = 100 300 + 100 400
7 + 5 = 12 60 + 40 100 partial
400 + 100 + 12 = 512 7+5 + 12 sums
512

One addition strategy is to find partial sums Math is... Explaining

and add them to find the sum. You can write
Why is the sum the same
the addends in this strategy in different ways.
when the addends are in
a row or stacked?

Work Together
Ari’s work is shown. Jun sees Ari’s work
and says 500 is the sum of 225 + 309. 309
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Do you agree? Explain your reasoning. + 225

300 + 200 500
0 + 20 100
9+5 + 14
614

56 Lesson 6 • Use Partial Sums to Add

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 On My Own
Name

How can you decompose each addend? What is the sum?

1. 247 + 564 = 2. 815
+ 148

3. 729 4. 327 + 176 =

+ 148

5. Whitney uses partial sums + = 598

to add. Look at her work to 200 + 300 = 500
determine which two
numbers were in her 10 + 80 = 90
original equation. 6+2=8
500 + 90 + 8 = 598
6. How can you determine which addends are in the original
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

equation by looking at the partial products?

7. Tyrone spent 172 days in school last year. If he attends school

the same number of days next year, how many days will he
spend in school in two years?
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 How can you find the sums in a different way?
8. 475 + 325 = 800
400 + 300 = 700
70 + 20 = 90
5 + 5 = 10
700 + 90 + 10 = 800
9. 238
+ 271
400
100
+ 9
509
10. Eleanor’s watch shows her steps before lunch. She took
486 steps after lunch. How many steps did she take?

11. Error Analysis Amal adds 378 + 141. She decomposes

each number and adds 300 + 100 = 400. She writes
378 + 141 = 400. How can you explain her mistake?

12. Extend Your Thinking How can you solve 249 + 401 + 276
using partial sums? Show your work.

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Why is understanding place value important when using the partial

sums strategy to add?
Math is... Mindset
What strengths did you use
today? What can you work on?

58 Lesson 6 • Use Partial Sums to Add

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 Lesson 2-7
Decompose to Subtract

Be Curious
How are they same?
How are they different?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can flexible thinking help
you understand mathematical
rules or patterns?

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 Learn
Samir and Jen subtract 353 - 184. Samir decomposes one
number to subtract. Jen decomposes the same number in a
different way to subtract.

Will Jen find the same difference as Samir?

One Way You can Another Way You can

decompose one number decompose one number in
by place value. a different way.

353 - 184 = ? 353 - 184 = ?

353 - 100 = 253 353 - 153 = 200

253 - 80 = 173 200 - 30 = 170
173 - 4 = 169 170 - 1 = 169
353 - 184 = 169 353 - 184 = 169

One subtraction strategy is to decompose Math is... Explaining

one number and then subtract the parts from
the total. You can decompose numbers in Why is the difference
different ways to subtract. the same when the
number is decomposed
differently?

Work Together

Hannah subtracts 572 - 378. How can Hannah decompose

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

one number in two different ways to subtract?

60 Lesson 7 • Decompose to Subtract

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 On My Own
Name

How can you decompose each number in 2 ways?

1. 367 2. 876

How can you decompose one number to subtract? Why did you
choose that way?
3. 495 – 122 4. 639 – 370

How can you find the difference? Show the strategy you used.
5. 284 – 182 = 6. = 333 – 114
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

7. 502 – 382 = 8. 744 – 466 =

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 9. Error Analysis Juan subtracts 345 - 101. He decomposes
101 into 100 and 10 and subtracts the parts from 345. How can
you help him understand his mistake?

10. The table shows the number of Fun Fair Visitors

people who attended the school fun
fair each day. Show a strategy to find Number of
Day
the difference between the greatest People
and least number of people. Thursday 103
Friday 168
Saturday 257
Sunday 224

11. A baker bakes 268 bread rolls. 155 are cinnamon rolls.
The rest are plain rolls. How many plain rolls does she bake?

12. Extend Your Thinking Ana subtracts 438 - 342 by

decomposing 342. She subtracts 2, then 300, and
finally 40. Can she subtract the parts in any order?
Explain your reasoning.

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

How do you decide how to decompose

one number to subtract?

Math is... Mindset

How did flexible thinking help
you understand mathematical
rules or patterns?

62 Lesson 7 • Decompose to Subtract

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 Lesson 2-8
Adjust Numbers to
Add or Subtract

Be Curious
Which doesn’t belong?

38 + 19 40+ 17

37+ 20 32+ 25
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can you show others
that you value their ideas?

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 Learn
There are 224 Tigers fans and 212 Hawks fans
at the town football game. 109 more Tigers fans
arrive late to the game.

How many more Tigers fans than

Hawks fans are at the game?

Adjust Addition Equations Adjust Subtraction Equations

224 + 109 = ? 333 - 212 = ?

-1 +1 -2 -2

223 + 110 = 333 331 - 210 = 121

Subtract from one addend and Subtract or add the same amount
add that amount to the other. to both numbers.
Math is... Structure
You can adjust numbers to numbers that
How is adjusting a
are easier to work with. Adjust both
subtraction equation
numbers to keep the sum or difference
different from adjusting
the same as the original.
an addition equation?

Work Together
Marco adds 457 + 208. He adjusts 457 to 460 and 208 to 211.
He finds the sum 671. Do you agree with his strategy? Explain.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

64 Lesson 8 • Adjust Numbers to Add or Subtract

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 On My Own
Name

How can you adjust the equation to solve?

1. 272 - 99 = 2. 139 + 216 =

3. 847 - 332 = 4. 398 + 147 =

5. 491 - 226 = 6. 129 + 139 =

7. Alex adjusted the equation 109 + 119 = ? to 110 + 118 = ?.

Describe how he adjusted the equation. Why do you think he
did it in that way?

8. Show how you can adjust 396 - 226. Use a number line to
show that the new equation has the same difference.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

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 9. You can adjust 236 - 119 different ways. How can you explain
one way you can adjust and why the equation is easier?

10. Melissa and Juan are finding 129 + 257 by adjusting. Melissa
tries solving using 130 + 258 = 388 and Juan solves it using
130 + 256 = 386. Which sum is correct? Explain.

11. STEM Connection Saffron completed 851 orders of

pastries her first year. After her second year, she
completed 926 orders. How can you use adjusting
to show how many more pastry orders she
completed in her second year than her first year?

12. Extend Your Thinking Yazmin adds 457 + 251. She

adjusts 251 to 250, but forgets to adjust 457. She adds
250 + 457 = 707. How can she adjust the sum to fix
her mistake? Explain your reasoning.

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

How can adjusting just one number affect the addition

or subtraction equation?

Math is... Mindset

How have you shown others
that you value their ideas?

66 Lesson 8 • Adjust Numbers to Add or Subtract

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 Lesson 2-9
Use Addition to Subtract

Be Curious
What do you notice?
What do you wonder?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can you show that you
understand your partner’s ideas?

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 Learn
Adaline and her family are driving 575 miles to
visit her grandmother. They drive 246 miles and
stop for lunch.

How can you find how many miles they

have left to drive?

You can represent the problem with a bar diagram.

575

246 ?

You can write a subtraction You can write an addition

equation with an unknown equation with an unknown
difference. addend.
575 - 246 = ? 246 + ? = 575
575 - 246 = 329 246 + 329 = 575

Addition and subtraction are related. You Math is... Choosing Tools
can rewrite a subtraction equation as an
How can using an unknown
addition equation with an unknown addend.
addend equation be helpful
when you subtract?

Work Together
Deigo wants to use addition to solve the equation
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

478 - 326 = ?. How can you explain this strategy?

68 Lesson 9 • Use Addition to Subtract

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 On My Own
Name

How can you write a related addition equation for the

subtraction equation?

1. 635 - 202 = ?

2. 400 - 151 = ?

3. 825 - 134 = ?

4. Error Analysis Jayla knows she can use addition to subtract.

She adds 301 + 447 to find the difference of 447 - 301. How
can you help her understand how to use this strategy?

5. On Monday, 549 people visited the aquarium. On Friday,

823 people visited the aquarium. How many more people
visited the aquarium on Friday?
a. How can you fill in the bar diagram to
represent the problem?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

b. How can you write an equation with an unknown to

represent the bar diagram?

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 How can you use the relationship between addition and
subtraction to find the difference?
6. 480 - 318 = 7. = 300 - 179

8. 705 - 239 = 9. 212 - 135 =

10. Evan and Kyle put together a 500-piece puzzle. Evan placed
247 pieces. How many pieces did Kyle place?

11. STEM Connection Saffron’s Bake Shop can spend

$700 to buy a large and a small mixer. She spends
$411 on the large mixer. How much does she have
left to spend on a small mixer?

12. Extend Your Thinking Kwan says that he can solve

445 - ? = 239 by using the equation 445 + 239.
Do you agree? Explain why.

Reflect
How are addition and subtraction related?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How did you show that
you understand your
classmates’ ideas?

70 Lesson 9 • Use Addition to Subtract

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 Lesson 2-10
Fluently Add within 1,000

Be Curious
Last year the library’s collection of books increased.
This year additional books were added to the library.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can my math skills
help me with my work today?

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 Learn
Last year the library’s collection of books Math is... Exploring
grew from 350 to 722 books. This year How can you decide
169 books were added to the library. which information in
What strategies can you use to find the the problem is useful?
total number of books in the library?

Partial Sums You can decompose each addend by place value

and add the place values to find partial sums. Then add the
partial sums to find the total.

722 + 169 = ? 722

+ 169
700 + 100 = 800 700 + 100 800
20 + 60 = 80 20 + 60 80
2 + 9 = 11 2 + 11 + 11
800 + 80 + 11 = 891 891

Adjust Addends You can adjust the 722 + 169 = ?

addends to numbers that are easier -1 +1
to work with. Subtract from one addend
and add that amount to the other addend. 721 + 170 = 891

You can use any addition strategy to find the sum. You can decide
which addition strategy is most efficient for you.

Work Together
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Angel and Daniel find the sum of 348 + 227. Angel adjusts the
addends. Daniel uses partial sums. Can either strategy be used
to sovle? Explain your reasoning.

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 On My Own
Name

How can you solve the equation?

1. 437 + 269 = 2. = 123 + 443

3. = 367 + 512 4. 791 + 111 =

5. Error Analysis Priya is adding 327 + 478. Priya adds 3 to

327 to add 330 + 478. Then she subtracts 3 from the sum.
Do you agree with her strategy? Explain.

6. Sam adds 249 + 281 by writing his addends in a row.

What is another way Sam can show 249 + 281?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

7. Max’s little brother Henry is 2 years old. There are 365 days in
a year. How many days old is Henry?

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 How can you solve the equation? Explain your addition strategy.
8. 458 + 139 = 9. 719 + 234 =

10. Mr. Perez needs 650 sheets of construction

paper for his class art project. How many packs
of this construction paper should he buy? 24
Sh
ee 0
ts

11. Tryon School raised $345 at their school fundraiser and $486 at
their bake sale. They used $650 of the money they raised to
buy new playground equipment. How much money
did Tryon School raise?

12. Extend Your Thinking The community center had 113

swimmers in the fall class and 235 swimmers in the winter class.
The summer class had 105 more swimmers than both classes
combined. How many swimmers were in the summer class?

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

How do you decide which addition strategy to use when

solving a problem?

Math is... Mindset

How did your math skills help
you with your work today?

74 Lesson 10 • Fluently Add within 1,000

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 Lesson 2-11
Fluently Subtract within 1,000

Be Curious
Is it always true?
Niko says the only way to subtract 348 - 135 is to
decompose 135.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

What goal do you want
to accomplish today?

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 Learn
Mateo sold 543 tickets to the newest action movie Friday night.
He sold 134 fewer tickets on Saturday night than Friday. Then
Sunday afternoon he sold 248 tickets. Math is... Exploring
What strategies can you use to find the How is this problem like other
number of tickets he sold Saturday? problems you have solved?

Decompose One Number Adjust Numbers

You can decompose one You can adjust the numbers to
number in different ways and numbers that are easier to work
subtract the parts. with. Subtract from or add the
543 - 100 = 443 same amount to both numbers.
443 - 30 = 413 543 - 134 = ?
413 - 3 = 410
410 - 1 = 409 +6 +6
543 - 134 = 409
549 - 140 = 409
Related Addition Equation
You can write an addition equation with an unknown addend
to find the difference.
543 - 134 = ? 134 + ? = 543
543 - 134 = 409 134 + 409 = 543

You can use any subtraction strategy to find the difference. You
can decide which subtraction strategy is most efficient for you.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Work Together
What strategy might be useful to solve 542 - 118?
Explain your reasoning.

76 Lesson 11 • Fluently Subtract within 1,000

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 On My Own
Name

How can you solve each equation?

1. 779 - 363 = 2. 562 - 295 =

3. 934 - 874 = 4. 134 - 68 =

5. At the airport baggage claim, there are 497 passengers and

632 pieces of luggage. How many more pieces of luggage
are there than passengers?

6. Mark and Heidi are asked to solve 171 - 136. Their work
is shown. Which strategy would you choose to solve the
problem?

Mark Heidi
170 - 135 = ? 136 + ? = 171
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

7. Cadence earned 299 points in her online game. This was

102 points greater than her last score. Marco earned
414 points. How many more points did Marco earn?

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 How can you solve the equation? Explain your subtraction strategy.
8. 400 - 349 = 9. 668 - 218 =

10. On her family road trip, Zahara sees a road Cantwell 138
sign showing how many miles they are Denali Nat’l Park 166
Fairbanks 283
from different cities. How much further is
Fairbanks than Cantwell?

11. Error Analysis Celia says that to subtract 249 - 117 she can
decompose 249 and subtract the parts from 117. Do you
agree? Explain your reasoning.

12. Extend Your Thinking While playing his favorite board

game, Armando wins $550 in game money. He decides to
use $335 to buy game spaces, $122 on a game piece, and
the rest he saves. Does Armando save more than $100?
Show how you know.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education TK

Reflect
How do you determine if a subtraction
strategy is efficient?
Math is... Mindset
How have you worked to
accomplish your goal today?

78 Lesson 11 • Fluently Subtract within 1,000

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 Lesson 2-12
Solve Two-Step Problems Involving
Addition and Subtraction

Be Curious
Lea earns points playing her favorite dance video game.
She plays the next level and earns more points. Lea needs points
to buy a new song for the game.
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Math is... Mindset

How can you think about a
problem in a different way?

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 Learn
Lea earns 235 points playing her favorite dance video game.
She plays the next level and earns 112 more points. Lea needs
475 points to buy a new song for the game.
How many more points does Math is... Modeling
Lea need to buy a new song? How can you represent this
You can represent each part of problem in different ways?
the problem with a bar diagram.

Step 1 Determine how many points Lea has earned.

You can use an addition equation.

235 + 112 = a
total points earned
a

235 112

235 + 112 = 347

Lea has 347 points.

Step 2 Determine how many more points Lea needs.

You can use a subtraction equation.
You can use a letter to
475 - 347 = b represent the unknown.
points
needed
347 b
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

475

475 - 347 = 128

Lea needs 128 more points.

80 Lesson 12 • Solve Two-Step Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction

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 On My Own
Name

How can you write an equation to represent the bar diagram?

1. 410 390 2.
665
a
532 b

How can you draw a bar diagram to represent the equation?

3. 601 - b = 299 4. 100 + a = 750

Represent and solve the problem. Use letters for the unknowns.
5. Sam and Ben take turns driving. They traveled 417 miles in
May and 454 miles in June. If Sam drove 502 of the miles,
how many miles did Ben drive?

6. Jaya earned $187 babysitting. She bought a wireless speaker

for $129 and a carrying case for $26. How much money does
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

she have left?

7. Judy has 323 beads. Sarah has 142 more beads than Judy.
How many beads do they have together?

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 How can you solve for the unknown?
8. m = 456 - 236 9. 867 = 235 + k
m= =k

10. STEM Connection Saffron keeps track of the

pastries she has at her bakery each day. On Monday,
she bakes 324 pastries and sells 172 pastries. At the
end of the day she has 584 pastries in her bakery.
How many pastries did she start the day with?

11. Elroy’s Balloon Emporium sells boxes of balloons.

There are 100 balloons in a box. In January, they sell 3 boxes.
In February, they sell 6 boxes. If they started with 10 boxes,
how many balloons do they have left to sell?

12. Extend Your Thinking The bar diagram represents a two-

step word problem. Write a two-step word problem that could
represent the bar diagram.

114 256 103

t

Reflect
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

How can you make sense of a two-step problem?

Math is... Mindset

How have you thought about
a problem in a different way?

82 Lesson 12 • Solve Two-Step Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction

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 Unit Review Name

Vocabulary Review
Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.

compatible number decompose

estimate expanded form
round

1. When you addends, you break them apart

to help find the sum. (Lesson 2-6)

2. You can an answer by rounding or using

compatible numbers when you do not need an exact answer.
(Lesson 2-3)

3. When you a number, you replace the value

of the number with one that is close to the original number.
(Lesson 2-2)

4. A is a number that is easy to work

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

with. (Lesson 2-3)

5. The representation of a number as a sum of the values of

each digit is called . (Lesson 2-1)

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 Review
6. Which of the following is the the nearest 100 will give

/ / ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
standard form of the number you the best estimate.
three thousand, eight hundred B. 520 minutes because
forty? (Lesson 2-1) rounding each number to
A. 384 the nearest 10 will give you
B. 3,408 the best estimate.
C. 3,804 C. 530 minutes because
rounding each number to
D. 3,840
the nearest 10 will give you
the best estimate.
7. Circle the option that correctly D. 600 minutes because
shows rounding to the nearest rounding each number to
10. (Lesson 2-2) the nearest 100 will give

784 → 785 492 → 500 you the best estimate.
563 → 560 535 → 530

Identify whether the sum will be

Complete the following using even or odd. (Lesson 2-5)
properties of addition. (Lesson 2-4) 11. The sum of two 3-digit
8. 289 + 621 = 621 + numbers that are both odd will
always be .
9. 78 + + 212
= 418 + 212 + 78 12. The sum of a 3-digit number
that is odd and another 3-digit
number that is even with
10. Sasha spent 284 minutes
always be .
swimming the first week and
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

247 minutes the second week.

Which of the following is the 13. Decompose the addends to
best estimate for the total time help find the sum. (Lesson 2-6)
Sasha spent swimming? 506 + 472 =
(Lesson 2-3)

A. 500 minutes because

rounding each number to
84 Unit 2 • Review

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 14. Decompose one number to 18. Which of the following

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
help find the difference. equations can you use to solve
(Lesson 2-7) this subtraction equation?
(Lesson 2-11)

367 - 228 =

836 - 377 = ?
15. Gabe is trying to solve
A. 377 + 459 = 836
246 + 367. Which equation
shows how he could adjust the B. 459 - 377 = 836
addends to find the sum? C. 459 - 836 = 377
(Lesson 2–8) D. 836 + 459 = 377
A. 250 + 360 = ?
19. Enrique read 249 pages of his
B. 250 + 370 = ? book in June and 227 pages of
C. 250 + 363 = ? his book in July. The book has
D. 250 + 371 = ? a total of 638 pages and
Enrique wants to know how
16. Use the bar diagram to help many more pages he has left
you find the missing number. to read. (Lesson 2-12)
(Lesson 2-9)

Which set of equations could
450
be used to solve the word
219 ?
problem?
A. 227 + 249 = 476

219 + = 450
638 - 227 = 411

450 - = 219
B. 249 + 277 = 476
17. Do you think it makes more 638 - 476 = 162
sense to decompose both C. 638 - 249 = 389
addends or adjust both 389 + 227 = 616
addends to solve 388 + 472?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

D. 638 - 227 = 411

Explain. (Lesson 2-10)
411 + 249 = 660

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 Performance Task
Saffron is helping in a new pastry shop that has been open for
two weeks.
Pastry Shop Customers
Week Number of Customers
1 324
2 289
3 ?

Part A How many total customers did the pastry shop have in
Weeks 1 and 2?

Part B What is the difference between the number of customers

in Weeks 1 and 2?

Part C The pastry shop's goal is to have 800 customers within

the first 3 weeks. How many customers must visit in Week 3 for
the shop to reach the goal?

Part D If the pastry shop has 847 visitors in the first 3 weeks,
which week would have more customers: Week 1 or Week 3?
How many more?

Reflect
How can you use strategies to add and subtract multi-digit numbers?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

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 Unit 2
Fluency Practice
Name

Fluency Strategy
You can make a 10 to add or subtract.

Make a 10 to add 49 + 22. 49 + 22 = ?

+1 -1
49 is 1 away from a ten.
Subtract 1 from 22 and add 1 to 49.
50 + 21 = 71

Use a 10 to subtract 75 − 43. 75 - 43 = ?

-3 -3
43 is 3 away from a ten.
Subtract 3 from 75 and subtract 3 from 40. 72 - 40 = 32

Fluency Flash
Look at the number line. Write a matching equation.
1. +4 + 41

26 30 71
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

2. - 60 -7

22 82 89

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 Fluency Check
Add or subtract.
3. 49 + 16 = 10. 58 + 2 =

4. 75 + 0 = 11. 89 − 23 =

5. 76 − 42 = 12. 19 + 2 =

6. 58 + 37 = 13. 52 − 1 =

7. 87 − 2 = 14. 54 − 31 =

8. 29 − 1 = 15. 17 + 25 =

9. 61 + 0 = 16. 49 + 48 =

Fluency Talk
Explain to a friend how to make 10 to add 28 + 17.

How is adjusting to make a 10 different when subtracting

than when adding?
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

88 Unit 2 • Fluency Practice

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