TOEFL PREPARATION Fast Track Preparation for PBT ADE JOHAN BANDUNG 2018TOEFL PREPARATION Inquiring Your World Through Training Fast Track Preparation for PBT ADE JOHAN BANDUNG 2018PREFACE Praise be to God, The Merciful and The Compassionate, and peace be upon His last Prophet and his purified progeny and the righteous among his companions, This book is intended as the introduction to improve the academic skills of graduate schools students tested in TOEFL as the internationally aknowledge proficiency test. This introduction is made simple with bundle of ecercises taken from some sources. We strongly expect that this book will be of benefit both to the students and teachers in conducting the teaching and learning process. We will be grateful if readers and users can give constructive critics and suggestions in order to improve the quality of this book. Bandung, January 2018Table of Content Unit 1 Overall Overview Unit 2 Strategies Unit 3 Diagnostic Test For Listening Unit 4 Testing Points for Listening Comprehension Unit 5 Diagnostic Test for Structure and Written Expression Unit 6 Testing Points for Structure and Written Expression Unit 7 Diagnostic Test for Reading Comprehension Unit 8 Testing Points for Reading Comprrehension Appendix ReferencesUNITE VERVIEW I, What is TOEFL? + Test of English as a Foreign Language + Itis the test to measure the level of English proficiency of non-native speakers of English. + The background of TOEFL ~ Foreign students who wish to study in US 1960s Language Problems that Jed to academic problems + TOEFL is the test that can only discriminate the test-takers who have high level of English. This test cannot discriminate test-takers in iower levels. + This test is arranged in multiple choice patterns. There are four choices for each item and you are required to choose one except for Test of Written English. LL What Skills are tested in TOEFL? There are four areas of English proficiency to be tested in TOEFL as follow: ..Listening Comprehension (Multiple Choices): To demonstrate their ability to understand spoken English, examinees must listen to a tape and respond to various types of questions. 2..... Structure and Written Expression (Multiple Choice) To demonstrate your ability to recognize grammatically correct English, examinees must choose the correct ‘way to complete sentences and must find errors in sentences 3....Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choices): To demonstrate their ability to understand written English, examinees must answer questions about the meanings of words and ideas in reading passages. 4.... Test of Written English (TWE) (written): Examinees must write an essay on a given topic in thirty minutes to demonstrate their ability to produce correct and meaningful English. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 1‘The following chart outlines the probable format of a TOEFL test. Ss) (ON TOEFL TIME [Listening Comprehension 50 questions 35 minutes Structure and Written Expression 40 questions 25 minutes fing Comprehension 50 questions 35 minutes ‘est of Written English ‘One essay topic 30 minutes ! II. Scoring System TOEFL is scored on a scale of 217 to 677 points. There is no passing score for the TOEFL. The score is directly taken from the right answers but the scores should be converted according to conversion list. IV. Strategies in Answering Questions Accurately and Correctly TOEFL is a timed test. You have to work against the time despite your mastery in English. Therefore, in order to achieve bigh score you must master the strategies. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 2UNUM STRATEGIES 1. General Strategies + Be familiar with the directions: The directions on every TOEFL test are the same, so it is not necessary to listen or read the directions carefully. You may ignore them if you are familise, + Work on the easier and then move to more difficult questions + Never Jeave the answers blank on your answer sheet; answer all questions because there is no penalty for an incorrect answer + Ifyou mark two answer by mistake, you will not get any credit for that questions + Use any remaining time to Jook ahead at the answer to the question that follows. 2. What you need to know about choosing answers and recognizing testing points + Ifyou are unsure of what answer to choose, trust your first intuition of what sounds right or what seems right. ‘Your first response is often correct. + Dontt go back and change an answer unless you know that you have made a mistake. If you are not sure, then eave your original response. If you have no idea as to ‘what answer to choose, first ty to eliminate the ones that ‘You think are incorrect. Then choose among the ones ‘has one or more testing points. ‘These include ‘grammatical stuctures, vocabu- tary words, intona~ ton or stress pattems, of par- ticular types of questions. Each question on the TOEFLis testing a specie area of Engin, fis a good idea to fear to identity particular testing polnts because this ‘saves you time and ‘TOERL Prenarafton Gute {3that are left. ‘To help you choose an answer, try to figure out the testing point. Thea ese tie strategies in the next chapters of this book to guide you. If you run out of time and have not finished the test, go quickly throws She questions, just marking one letter for each. This will not help you very mack bat = might help a bit by pure luck. This is better than leaving answers blank. Testing points are the categories that are used to develop questions. These cam Be grammatical structures, vocabulary words, idioms and phrases, intonstios ar stress patterns, or particular types of questions. Learning to recognize "== points will help you organize your study and react more quickly when you tale ae test. ‘TOEFL Preparation Gale =UNIT Tn DIAGNOSTIC TEST LISTENING GOR EHEQHOSHEEQSEHEEEO QOGGGEGOOEOOOOEGGOO 0686606 0000908680 00 BQSEOQSSOESSHOOSROOSOS BEEQGEOSE EGO OENEHEEHESGEQGHEEEO QOQEGEGEOGOOOGOEGOOOOOHHSEGEOO QOO6 G08 HOOHHH8OHEO OOOOO86OEGOO EEE ee were oer eeeeasenneee 5 ede) wt xcf'ed alles sag S Stel of ti einen ea Qidssdsedag ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 5SECTION | LISTENING COMPREHENSION ‘Time—approximately 35 minutes (including the reading of the directions for each part) In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand conversations and talks in English. There are three parts to this section. Answer all the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers you hear, Do not take notes or write in your test ook ot eng tints De Gor lars he piper uodl you ane bold wen. PartA Directions: In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation. you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated, After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Listen to an example. Sample Answer @®oe (On the recording, you hear: (man) Thar exam was just awful. (woman) Oh, it could have been worse. (narrator) What does the wornan mean? Inyour test book, youread: (A) The exam was really awful. {B) Itwas the worst exam she had ever seen. (©) Itcouldn’t have been more difficult, (D) Tewasn't that hard. ‘You learn from the conversation that the man thought the exam was very difficult and that the woman disagreed with the man, The best answer to the question, “What does the woman mean?” is. (D), “Tt wasn't that hard.” Therefore, the correct choice is (D).3 2 a) @® © @) @ (6) © ) aw @ © w ® © @) w © @) B) © ) @) © © ‘The coffee is much beiter this morning. ‘The coffee tastes extremely good ‘The coffee isn't very good. This morning he definitely wants ‘The two classes meet in an hour and = half, ‘The class meets three hours per week. Esch balf of the class Is an hour Jong. ‘Tho dimes week the class meets for ‘an hoor. A few minutes ago, the fight departed. ‘The fight will start in a while. ‘They are frightened about the departure. ‘The plane is going to take off soon. He hasnt yet begun his project. He's supposed to do his sclence project next week. ‘He needs to start working on changing the due date. He's been working steadily on his science project. Atthe post office. Ina florist shop. Inarestaurant, In a hospital delivery room. The professor drowned te cells ima ‘The lecture was Jong and boring. ‘The professor divided the fecture into parts. The biologint tried to ell the results ‘of the experiment. She needs to get a driver’sUcense. ‘Two pieces of Identification are necessary. ‘The man should check to see if he needs credit. Accredit card can be used to get = drivers license, (AD @) © @) @ @) @) w ®) © ©) |. A) Housing within his budget is hard to locate. Its hard to find his house in New ‘York, He can't afford to move his house to New York. Housing in New York is unavailable, ‘The boss was working on the reports. He would have to Gnish the reports before the end of next month. He was directed to stay late and finish some work. ‘He could Ginish the reports at home. The boisterous students made the teacher mad. ‘The teacher angered the students with the exam results, ‘The students were angry that the teacher was around. The angered students complained to the teacher. ‘The prices are reasonable. @) The store is too far out of town. © ©) . (A) oO @ @ oO o He would like the woman to repeat what she sald. He agrees with the woman. Its rained unosually hard this year. ‘There hasn't been any rain for many years. Its been many years since tt rained. ‘He doesn't like rain. He needs to doa better job writing questions. He certainly must snake his writing better. ‘Without the questions, he cannot write the answers. He needs to understand the written ‘questions better. E> ‘TOEFL Prevaration Guide | 714. 1s. 16. 7 18, 19. ® © @) wo ®) © co) w ®) © © © o ®) © © ow @ oO @) ‘The agent was standing ia line with his passport. The line to get new passports is very Tong. “The woman must wait her tun to get her passport checked. He can check her passport instead of the agent. He coulda’t finish closing the library ‘book. He hada't Gnished the library assignment, but he was clase. He was working on theassignment when the library closed. His homework was incomplete ‘because the library wasn't open. All the lawyer's preparation did mo good. ‘The lawyer prepared nothing for the ‘ense, Tt wasnt work for the lawyer to prepare for the case. ‘The lawyer didn't work to prepare for the case. ‘The history class begins next week. We thinks the papers should be turned Innext week. He has already done the paper for next week. ‘The papers are not due nest week, He's not really bappy. ‘The contractor’s work was, satisfactory. He would rather work with the ‘contractor himself. ‘He was already contacted about the work. ‘The man should try another type of paper ‘The man should locate a typist tomorrow morning. ‘The man should make o tape in the morning. ‘The man should complete the paper ‘without help. 2. 2. as. 26. wa) B) © @) cc) Co) © ©) ) © o oy © @) © ©) @) © o w i) © @ ‘She'd like some pie. Its eay to buy it The task the man’s working on isn't difficult It’s easier to prepare pie than do what ‘the man is doing. He reported that the time for the ‘budget meeting had been set. ‘He is always late in submitting his ‘accounting figures. He never manages to budget his time well, Heis never too late In turning in his reports. ‘The repairs that the mechanic had indicated were already made. The ear is going to need a lot of repairs. ‘Buying a new car would be quite expensive. ‘The mechanic extended the repair ‘warranty. Betty wrote the letter as directed. ‘The directions were given to Betty in aletter. Betty will follow the iestructions later. Betty worked exactly as instructed. (Walter's bad a lack of success with his business. Walter's failed in business. Walter's new company is doing rather ‘well, ‘Walter hoped to succeed in business. He should put the ongan in the closet. ‘The cloret has already been organized, ‘He needs to rearrange the closet. He wishes the closet were closer. ‘She didn't do the work. ‘She gave the assignment her best effort. ‘She finished the assignment even ‘though it was dificult. ‘She gave the man a signal. EE ‘TOEFL Presaratien Guide | 8Part C Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several talks. After each talk, you will hear some Guestions. The talks and questions will not be repeated. Aftec you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fillin the space that ‘corresponds tothe letter of the answer you have chosen. Here is an example. (On the recording, you hear: (narrator) Lister to.am instructor talk to his class about painting. (man) Artist Grant Wood was a guiding force inthe school of painting known as Americart regionalist a style reflecting the distinctive characteristics of art from rural areas of the United States. Wood began drawing antimals on the family farm at the age of three, and when he was thirty-eight one of his paintings received a remarkable amount of public notice and acclaim. This painting, called American Gothic. is starkly simple dkpiction of a serious couple staring directly out et the viewer. Now listen toa sample question. ‘Sample Answer @®oe@ (narrator) What style of painting is known as American regional In your test book, you read: (A) Art from America's inner cities. (B) Art from the central region of the U.S. (C) Art from various urban areas in the U.S. * (D) Art from rural sections of America. ‘The best answer to the question, “What style of painting is known as American regionalist?” is (D), “Art from rural sections of America.” Therefore, the correct choice is (D). ‘Now listen to another sample question, ‘Sample Answer (narrator) What is the name of Wood's most successful painting? ®Oeo In your test book, you read: (A) “American Regionalist” (B) “The Family Farm in Towa, (©) “American Gothic.” (D) “ASerious Couple.” The best answer to the question, “What is the name of Wood's most successful painting?” is (C), “American Gothic.” Therefore, the correct choice is (C). Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 1039. al. 42. 43. «) © () @ @) ‘To protect its members. ‘To save the natural environment. To honor the memory of John Muir. ‘To improve San Francisco's natural beauty. For Jess than a year. Only for a decade. For more than a century. For at least two centuries. ‘San Francisco. All Bifty states. ‘The Sierra Nevadas. The eastern U.S. All over the world. In the entire United States. ‘Only in California. Only in the Sierra Nevadas, ‘Seudents signing up for athletic teams. ‘Students going on a tour of a university campus. ‘Students playing various sports. ‘Students attending a university dedication ceremony. ‘Membership on an athletic team. Enrollment in an exercise cliss. ‘Avalid student identification card. Permission from a faculty member. 45. 46. 41. 49. ‘To the tennis cours. To the arena. ‘To the gymnasium. ‘To the Athletic Department office. Goto the Art Center. ‘Sign up for sports classes. Visit the exercise room. Watch a football game. Science. Art. Literature. Music. ‘They are completely different. They are somewhat similar but have an escential difference. ‘They are exactly the same in all respects. ‘They are unrelated. ‘This fs the end of the Listening Comprehension Pre-Test. ©E02H)OQO ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 11UNIT TV TESTING POINTS FOR LISTENING Listening Comprehension Section is divided into three parts: Part A, a short dialogue, presents two speakers, a lady and a man, and the narrator. Part B, longer dialogues, presents longer and a more complete dialogue, and a narrator. Part C consists of three talks, each followed by a number of questions. Part A. Short Dialogue Strategies for Listening Part A As you listen to each short conversation, focus on the second line, Keep in mind that the correct answer is probably a restatement of a key word or idea in the second line. 3. Keep in mind that certain structures and expressions are tested regularly in Listening Part A. 4. Keep in mind that these questions generally progress from easy to difficult. 5. Youcan answer the question correctly even if you don’t understand completely by choosing the choice which sound very different from the spoken one. pe Now, you will try out these strategies into practice. TESTING POINTS FOR PART A Restatement Similar sound Specific Information about Who, What, Where Functional Expression Idioms TOEFL Preparation Gulde | 121. Restatement and Similar Sound In Listening Part A, you will hear a short conversation involving two people. The first speaker sometimes gives a question or a statement and the second speaker will give The second line of the answer or response. It is important to understand conversation probably . the answer to the that this answer or response will be the source of question. questions. Therefore, paying attention to the Be ready to focus on the . second line of _— the second line may be helpful to find the right comenaiioa beau’ it answer. Then, identify the key words, for probably contains the answer. . . Focus on the key words in the example verbs, in that expression and find the second line. synonym. The expression is often restated, You If you see any synonyms for _ 4 key words in a particular may also eliminate the incorrect answer by ansvier, ibe’ fon: IVE avoiding the similar sound which is often used probably found. the correct in part A.as.a distraction. The similar sound will |: {aang : usually be in the form of verb or special terms. Avoid them in choices and find the most different sound. Example (man) Why couldn't Mark come with us? (woman) He was searching for anew apartment. (man) What does the woman say about Mark? . He was in the department office. . He was locking for a place to live. He was working on his research project. . He had an appointment at church. TOEFL Preparation Guide | 13The keywords in the second line of the conversation are searching and apartment. Searching is a synonym of look for and apartment is the same as a place to live, so the right answer is B. If you don’t know the synonym, eliminate the incorrect answer by identifying the similar sound. In answers (A) and (D), the words department and appointment sound like apartment in conversation and in answer (C) and (D), the words research and church sound like searching in conversation, so these answers are incorrect. Lead-in Exercise 1 In this exercise, underline keywords of each conversation and find the synonym of the words in the answer. Be careful with similar sound may be helpful. 1 ‘They locked the map in acar. They looked many times in the car, Itcostalot of money when the car ‘They didn't have enough money to It's important to pack the suitcases. They need help carrying their bags. ‘The man should pack his suit in (woman) Did they get the new car they “a wanted? «B) (man) No, they lacked the money. © (narrator) WHAT DOES THE MAN MEANT leaked oil. (@) ‘buy another car. 2 (man) Have you finished packing yet? (A) (woman) You should call the porter to get @) the suitcases. © (narrator) WHAT DOES THE WOMAN MEAN? case he needs it. (Dy Lead-in Exercise 1 for Listening ‘The suitcases are quite portable. 1. ®@®OBOO DOOD TOEFL Prenaration Guide | 14REVIEW I: Listen carefully to the short conversation and question on the tape, and then choose the best answer to the questions. 1) B) © @) @) © @) 3. A) @) © @) ®) ©) ©) @) ©) @) 6. (a) @) © (p) He would like some iced coffee. He wants to stop drinking coffee. Acdrink seems like a good idea, He needs to drink something to ‘stop his coughing. She would prefer 2 sunny day. ‘The park is too crowded. ‘She would like a place that ie not s0 loud. ‘She cannot walk because she’s too old. He should open an account. He should take ride ona ship. He should try to keep the cost. cheap. He should try something ‘monotonous to get to sleep. The department is not changing the requirements. He hasn't heard anything about the change. ‘The changes are believable. ‘What has happened is incredible to him, ‘The wait has taken close toan hour. ‘They were stranded in their car. “Most of the people have been in line for hours. ‘They made line in the rand. ‘The instructor is selecting several passages. ‘The conductor is fair to the passengers. “The stamp collector is conducting his business. ‘The riders are paying for the tain trip. 10, “ ®) © o “ @) © ) “w @) © @) (8) © @) ‘The managers will take the train to ‘the program. A program to develop new managers will commence soon. ‘The new management program is very weak. ‘The program will be maintained to the letter. ‘The fire started to attack the building. ‘The firefighter stared at the attacker. ‘The fire probably began at the top of the building, ‘The firefighter started to attack the fire. He assured the woman that he knew the truth. He is sure that itisn’t new. He thought that the woman was aware of what happened. He soon will know the truth, ‘The art professor is not onc of his fans. His drawings were amazing. ‘The catches that he made were fantastic. His sketches showed a fantasy 868888906 QGBEGGGOGOG ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 15B. Specific Information about Who, What, and Where In Listening part A, drawing conclusion on the is content of conversation is frequently found. In this part we | TIP é should determine wko the speaker is, what will probably rotnng the happen next, and where probably the conversation takes | section, try looking . 5 at the answer place based on the stated clues. Reading the choices before you listening may be helpful to anticipate the questions whether | hear the tape. You they are who, what, or where| Henini look, but this short ‘ime will help you Lead-in exercise 2 get an idea of Use the underlined words as a keyword to conclude the right | some of the answer! vocabulary you will hear, and possibly * Finding Who the general topic, ‘This helps prepare (woman) Can you tell me what assignments I missed you to understand when I was absent from your class? the conversation, (man) You missed one homework assignment and a quiz, (narrator) Who is the man? A. A newspaper editor. A police officer. . A teacher. . A student. pay * Finding What (woman) Are you going to read those books here in the library? (man) I think I'd rather check them out now and take home. (narrator) What will the man probably do next? A. Sit down in the library. B. Look for some more books. C. Return the books to the shelves. D. Go to the circulation desk. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 16+ Finding Where (woman) Are you going into the water, or are you just going to lie there on the sand? (man) T think I need to put on some suntan lotion. (narrator) Where does this conversation probably take place? A. Ata beauty salon. B. Atthe beach. C. Ina sandbox. D. At an outdoor restaurant. Lead-in Exercise 2 for Listening L ®®OO 2 @DOO | 3 @OOO REVIEW 2: Listen carefully to the short conversation and draw conclusion about who, what, and where, 1. (A) Ina photography studio 4. (A) {B) Ina biology laboratory (B) {C) Inanoffice oO {D) In thelibrary ®) 2 (A) He'sapilor (B) He's a flight attendant. 5. (A) {C)_He'sa member of the ground crew. (B) () He works clearing land. © «@) 3. (A). Wash the dishes immediately (B) Use as many dishes as possible {C} Wash the dishes for as long as. possible (D) Waitundil later to clean up Ina bank Ina restaurant Ata service station Ina beauty salon Asalesclerk in a shoe store Ashoe repairperson A party caterer A salesclerk in a fixtures department ‘TOEFL Preparation @itlde | 176 (A) (B) (D) 7. (A) © @ & (A) B) @) ‘Ona playground Ina parking loc Ataz00 Ina photo studio Respond to the mail Put the letters in a file Create a pending file File the answers she received to the letters In an airplane Ata fireworks exhibit REVIEW 2 C. Functional Expression a ay) ®) Cc «Dy . fA) (8) (Db) ‘Take care of Bob Invite Bob to dinner Let Bob know that they accept his invitation Respond to the woman's question A pharmacist Adentist Ateacher A business manager Functional expression is commonly found in the short conversation Listening Part A. There are three types of expression such as the expression of agreement, uncertainty and suggestion, asd surprise. You should get familiar with those expressions. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 184. LISTEN FOR EXPRESSIONS OF AGREEMENT ‘© Example of positive statement (man) I think that the hypothesis is indefensible (woman) Sodo. (narrator) What does the woman mean? A, She is unsure about the hypothesis, B. The hippopotamus is behind the fence. C. She thinks that the hypothesis can be defended. D. She agrees with the man. “The expression So Do I is an expression with positive statement indicating the agreement of the second to the first speaker. So the right answer is (D) + Example of negative statement (woman) [don't think that our history teacher is very interesting. (man) Neither do L (narrator) What does the man mean? ‘A. He disagrees with the woman. B. He thinks the history teacher is interesting. C. He shares the woman’s opinion. D. He doesn’t think the woman’s idea is good. The expression of Neither do I is an expression with negative statement indicating that ‘the man agrees with the woman. Focus a EXPRESSION OF AGREEMENT Positive statements Negative statements So dol. Neither do 1. Me, too. J don’t either. Tl say! Isn't it! You can say that again! ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 19. 2. LISTEN FOR EXPRESSION OF UNCERTAINTY AND SUCCESTION An expression of uncertainty Example (man) Do you know anything about the final exam in Physics? (woman) It’s going to be rather difficult, isn't it? (narrator) What does the woman mean? A. The examis not going to be too difficult. B. She thinks that it might be hard. C. She’s positive that it’s going to be hard. D. She has no idea about the exam. ‘Tag question isn't it indicates the uncertainty, so the right answer is B because thinks and might implies the uncertainty as well. ° An expression of suggestion Example (man) Till never have time to type my paper tomorrow. (woman) Why not do it now? (narrator) What does the woman suggest? A. Never typing the paper. B. Not working on the paper now. C. Finishing the paper today. D. Taking time out from the paper now. ‘The woman does not express a question but a suggestion telling the man to do it now (typing a paper), so the right answer is (C) Focus EXPRESSIONS OF UNCERTAINTY AND SUGGESTION Uncertainty ‘Suggestion isn’tit (tag). As far as I know. As far as I can tell. TOEFL Preparalton Guide | 203. LISTEN FOR ENPHATIC EXPRESSIONS OF SURPRISE When surprise is expressed, the speaker implies that ke did not expect something to be true, This expression will be expressed in the raising tone of voice. Example (woman) Did you see Paul driving around in his mustang? (man) Then, he DID get a new car? (narrator) What had the man thought? A. Paul would definitely get a Mustang. B. Paul would not get a new car. C. Paul did not know how to drive. D. Paul did not like Mustangs. ‘The man uses did get in a raising tone of voice showing his surprise. He expected that Paul would not get a new car while in reality Paul had one. The best answer is therefore @). Focus EXPRESSIONS OF EMPHATIC SURPRISE Verb ‘Emphatic Form Example Meaning be be, with emphasis | Then, he ishere! | | ‘housht he was not ‘modal, with 7 | Lthought you could not modal eniphasis Then, you can go! a. doves), with "Then, youdo play | I thought you did not Present tense | emphasis tennis! play tennis. sai ——TThen, she didread | I thought she had not pasttense | did, with emphasis | 1 ae . -_ | Then, he has gone | I thought he had not perfect tense | have, with emphasis | jy 'u" vaste ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 21Lead- in Exercise 3: Choose the best answer and be careful with functional expression (man) Doyou know what time they're (A) She's not completely sure when they are leaving for the city? leaving. (woman) — They have to leave at four (B) They are returning from the city at o'clock, don’t they? about 4:00. (narrator) What does the woman mean? (©) She knows when they are leaving. (D) She doesn’t have any idea when they are leaving. (woman) I'm so thirsty from all this (A). They should stop drinking. walking. (B) They should go for a walk. (man) Let's stop and get a drink. (C) They should walk thirty miles. (narrator) What does the man suggest? (D) They should take a break and have a drink, (woman) I'don’t really care for the way the (A) He thinks the building was.not building was renovated. renovated. (man) I don’t either. (B) He has the same opinion of the building (narrator) What does the man mean? as the woman. (CG) He doesn't care about the renovation of the building. (D) He suggests being careful in the renovated building. (man) [think that both candidates for (A) She agrees with the man, county supervisor are * (B) She thinks he should become county unqualified. supervisor. (woman) Me, too. (©) She thinks the candidates are qualified. (narrator) What does the woman mean? . (D)_ She has no opinion about the candidates for county supervisor. (woman) Would sou tike to go skiing this (A) The woman was a good skier. weekend? (B) The woman was going skiing this (man) Soot ca ski? weekend. (narrator) What kad the man assumed? (©) The woman did not know how to ski. (D) The woman did not intend to go skiing. Lead-in Exercise 3 for Listening 1 OOOO |2 DOOO }3 DOOO|4@©OOO |5. ©®OOO ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 22REVIEW 3: Listen to the short conversation and choose the best answer! 1 ) © @) 2 A) 3) () (D) a A) (8) © (D) 4. (A) ®) we @) 5. fA) @) © @) She plans to talk a lot this month. She has alot to say about the phone bill. ‘The bill is high because she has Tot to sy. She agrees with the man. Bill had never really been sick. Bill was too sick to come to class. Bill was sick of calculus class, Bil had forgotten about the calculus class that morning. ‘The man should go out tonight. ‘The man should stay home and relax, ‘The man should work on the paper tonight. ‘The man should go out Monday instead. ‘The cafeteria was open in the morning. The cafeteria did not serve breakfast. ‘The breakfast in the cafeteria was not very tasty. The woman never ate breakfastin the cafeteria, He believes that itis acceptable to park there. ‘The parking lot is too far from their destination. He knows that they won't get ticket, ‘He knows where the parking lot is. Review 3 Listening GOGO0888 OHO99OO® QE 8Oe088 | | 6 10. «a ®) ©) @) “@ By © @) “w @) © @) (A) ® co) @) “ B) © @) He would be glad to say it over in. ‘He would like the woman to repeat what she said. ‘He says that he would like to take the class again. ‘He's happy the class is over, too. ‘He finished all the problems. ‘He doesn’t believe what the woman said. He was able to finish some of the problems. Both he artd the woman were ‘unsuccessful on the math problems. ‘The man had mailed the package. ‘The man had forgotten to go tothe post office. ‘The man had given the package to the woman to mail. ‘The man remembered the package ‘after he went to the post office, They should take both cars. ‘The woman should try nat to be afraid, ‘The woman should buy a bigger car. ‘They should go together‘in his car. He wants to know if the muffins taste good. He thinks the muffins were recently prepared. ‘The muffins are not really fresh, He's sure that the muffins were just made. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 23D. Phrase/Idiomatic Language Phrase or idiomatic language in the short conversation is often expressed describing a situation. You should be familiar with the use of phrase or idioms that implies the unreal meaning. Example 1. (man) What time does the meeting start? (woman) Didn't you hear that it was called off by the director? (narrator) What does the woman say about the meeting? A. The director called a meeting. B, The director cancelled the meeting. €. The director phoned her about the meeting. D. The director called the meeting to order. The phrase called off has not similar meaning as phone or call but cancel, the right answer is therefore (B) 2. (man) Tom is a full-time student and is holding down a full-time job. (woman) He's really burning the candle at both ends. (narrator) What does the woman say about Tom? A. He’s lighting a candle. B. He’s holding the candle at the top and the bottom. C. He’s working as a firefighter. D. He’s doing too much. Buming the candle at both ends has nothing to do with candles or burning, but an expression showing one who does something too much more than he can afford, so the right answer is (D). ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 24Lead-in Exercise 4: Read the script and choose the best answer and get a similar meaning. (man) Irneed to take the written testo (A) Reapply for his driver's license. renew my driver's license. (B) Sweep around the lawn. (woman) Then, you'll have to brush up (C) Learn the laws for the first time. on the laws. (D) Review the information that will be on (narrator) What does the man need to dot the test. (man) What was it like while the (A) The president dropped his pen. president was giving his speech? (B) The audience was very quiet. (woman) You could hear a pin drop. (C) The speech contained several puns. (varrator) What does the woman mean? {D) The president discussed dropping a bomb. Lead-in Exercise 4 for Listening ih DOOD 2 @QOO®D they seem to be ‘saying one thing but might mean something quite different. Idioms can be both fun and frustrating at the same fime. ‘TOEFL Prenaratton take | 25REVIEW 4: Choose the best answer and anticipate the use of phrase and idiomatic language. 1. (A) B) Ko) @) 2 (A) (B) © (@) 3. (A) @®) (©) @) 4. (A) B) (Cc) @) 5. (A) @) © «@) She gets lots of take-out dinners. She and her roommate alternate cooking responsibilities, Her roommate cooks more often than she docs, Her roommate does the cooking while she does other chores. He resembles his father. He hasa chipped tooth. He lives one block from his father, He and his father were playing a game with blocks. ‘She's going somewhere else. She does not like football. She has a lot of work to do. She is getting sick. He put his foot where he should not have. He put the food that the teacher gave him into his mouth: He said something embarrassing. He told the teacher that his foot was burt. ‘She'd like the man to delay his trip. She prefers that the man leave a few minutes earlier than he planned. ‘She wants to know if the nian will stay in the market for only afew minutes. She'd like to talk to the man fora few mir Review 4 Listening 1 TOOOD 2 | MOOD 3. | ROOD 4. | @BOO 5. | DDOD 6. | DOOD 7. | O@OD 8 | ADOD 9 | DOOD 10 | DOOD 10, 7) @) «) (D) (a) (B) (e (D) (a) (B) (oy (D) ) @) (c) @) «) ® © ) The man might start fire in the park, ‘The man parked his car near the fire. The man's thinking of doing something dangerous. ‘The man's playing a game in the park. ‘The machines do not act very well, ‘The machines don't really bother her. She would like them to stop the noise. She wishes the machines would ‘cut the wood. Fred has adog that barks alot. Fred has hidden the money ina tree. Fred has backed into a tree, Fred has made a mistake. She will give him any help he needs. He has to give away what he doesn’t need. He should not give up. He should give back what he borrowed. ‘She'd rather go swimming than do the homework. The chemistry homework is really difficult, ‘She's doing the homework by the swimming pool. ‘The stream is drying up. ‘TOEFL Prenaration Guide | 26Part B (Longer Conversation) and C (Longer Talks) STRATEGIES If you have time, preview the answers to the questions. Then, + Anticipate the topies «Anticipate the questions Listen carefully to the first line of the conversation Draw conclusion about the situation of the conversation: who, where, when. Follow along the answers in your test book and try to determine the correct answers. ‘You should guess even if you are not sure. Use any remaining time to look ahead at the snswers to the questions that follow. Testing Points Part B and C in Listening have similar strategies. Both also have similar testing points like: . Main idea/Topic Questions Inference (Who/What/Where/Why) Questions @ TIP Usten carefully to Example: the first few fines of the conversation o PRE because this is a. Main Idea/Topic Questions where you will Here is the beginning part of the conversation: ererine mel (man) You can’t believe that Ijust got! topic of the (woman) 1 bet you got that new car you've always conversation. wanted Understanding what the conversa- tion is about isa (man) —_Now, how in the world did you figure that cut? big advantage in answering many of the questions. ‘The topic of the conversation is the new car that the man just got. TOEFL Preparation Guide {27b. Inference (man) Why do you have so many books? (woman) need them for my paper on George Washington. Do you know how I can check them out? (man) Yes, you should go downstairs to the circulation desk and fill out a card for each book Who is probably talking? (two students) Where are they? Cin the library) What course are they discussing? (American history) © Pare a, Main idea/topic questions Here is the beginning part of the talk: (man) The major earthquake that occurred east of Los Angeles in 1971 is still affecting the economy of the area today. The topic: x The effect of the 1971 earthquake on Los Angeles today. b. Inference Questions (woman) The next stop on our tour of Atlanta will be the original home of Coca-Cola, at 107 Marietta Street. Coca-Cola was manufactured at his location until early in September of 1888. Who is probably talking? (a tour guide) Where are they? Gn Atlanta) When does the talk take place? _(in the middle of a tour) ‘Read the choices before listening to figure out the possible topic and qustions SUE Listen to the conversation or talks “Try to answer the questions while listening bday + Remember, the questions will generally be in order {not taken RSIS randomly from the conversation or talk) ‘Recheck the answer ‘*Make necessary correction Ball a ‘TOEFL Preparatton Gulde | 28Lead-in Exercise 5: Choose the best answer based on the conversation. ‘On the recording, you hear: (narrator) Questions J through 4. Listen to a conversation between a professor and a student. (man) Hello, Professor Denton. Are you free for a moment? Could have a word with you? (woman) Come or in, Michael. Of course I have some time. These are my office hours, and this is the right tirte for ‘you to come and ask questions. Now, how can I help you? (man) _ Well, Phavea quick question for you about the : homework assignment for tomorrow. 1 thought the ‘assignment was to answer the first three questions at the top of page 67 in the text, but when I looked, there weren't any questions there, I'm confused. (woman) The assignment was to answer the first three questions at the top of page 76, not 67. (man) Oh, now I understand. I'm glad I came in to check. Thanks for your help. (woman) No problemi. See you tomorrow. Questions: 1. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) ‘In your test book, you read: 2..On the recording, you heart (narrator) In your test book, you read: 3. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) In your test book, you read: 4. On the revording, you hear: (narrator) ‘In your test book, you read: Who is the man? 2 (eee office worker (©) Professor Denton’s assistant. a (D) Astudent. ’ 1 |®®OO Wher dng th ebm ont Professor Denton? (A) During regular class hours. __ 2 |®®OO (B) Just before class time. (©) Assoon as class is finished. (D) During office hours. 3 |@O@OO Why does the man come to see Professor 4 ®®OOO Denton? {A) To turn in on assignment. (B) To ask a question. (€) To pick up a completed test. (D) To explain why he did not attend class, What incorrect information did the man have? (A) Thedate the assignment was due. (B) The page namber of the ‘assignment. (©) The length of the assignment. {D) The numbers of the assignment questions. ‘TOEFL Preparation Gulde | 29REVIEW 5: Listen to each of the conversation and answer the group of questions that follow! 1. (A). Find work on campus. 9. (A). Slecping outside on the grou (B) Work in the employinent office. (B) Spending time in a hot tub. (C)_ Help students find jobs. (©) Relaxing at the lodge., (D) Ask the woman questions. (D) Enjoying excellent food. 2. (A) Inthe library, 10. (A) She'd be scared, but she'd lik (B) In adassroom. try. (©) Ina campus office. (B) She can'e wait. (B) Iman aparument. (©) Itwould be quite exciting for A BS Weteeenfon ax. (D) She'd prefer not to try. (B) Atleast ewenty. 11. (A) All kinds of pollution. (©) Not more than twenty. (B) How acid rain has harmed the (D) Uptoten. earth. ; (©) Pollution from cars and factories. 4. (A) Every morning. = (B) afternoons at weekends €B)_ The causesand posible effec of (©) When he's in class. : (D) Weekdays. 12 A) @) 5. (A) Fill outa form. : ‘ (B) Give her some additional ors aanaet information. pone (©) Teller some news. 18. (A) From sulfurdioxide and water (D) Phone her. vapor. . & Ob debtor, 9 (B) From sulfur dioxide and nitrogen (B) Justafter the end of a school (0) eee Sic acd and pe semester. From dioxide. (©) Atthe end of the summer. nie ack hoe ©) From watce vapor and nie acd €B) Atrip the woman is planning to ee c. Parts tinents. (©) Auip the man has already taken. ata (D) Acamping trip the man and @) In equatorial areas, woman took. 15. (A) She should protect herself from the rain. 8. (A) Threchours. : re anders €P) Se sont ean wp the water (©) Three classes : (©) She should read a novel. AB “Thuren sree: (D) She should get more information about acid rain. REVIEW 5 T T®ASDOO TS THADOO MASOOD | 2 1HGOO|TIBOOO|Z OOOO 3_ |DHBOD 8 Bl ®OO®D | 4 1DOOD |? TABOO |4I@®DOOD| 5 [HOOD OOOO OOOO] ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 30Check again your answer by reading the script of each conversation! Conversation 1 . Questions 1 through 5. Listen to the following ‘conversation about a part-time job. (man) {'m looking for a part-time job on campus. (woman) Then you've come to the right place. ‘The campus employment office is here just to help students like you find jobs on campus. (man) t'm glad to hear that, because I really need to start eaming some money. (woman) Let me ask you some questions to help determine what kind of job ‘would be best. First ofall, how many hours a week do you want to work? (man) Unced to work at Jeast ten hours a ‘week, and [éon' think I can handle more than twenty hours with all the ‘courses I'm taking. (woman) And when are you Free to work? (nian) Allof my classes are in the morning, sol can work every weekday from noon on. And of course { wouldn't mind working on the weekends. (woman) Titty 10 match you up with one of ‘our on-campus student jobs. Please fill out this form with some additional informatioa about your skills, and leave the form with me today. Then you can call me back tomorrow, and maybe Til have some reves for you. (man) Thanks for your help. (narrator) 1. WHAT DOES THE MAN WANT 70, a? 2. WHERE DOES THE CONVERSATION PRODABLY TAKE PLACE? 3. HOW MANY HOURS OF WORK DOES “THE MAN WANT POR WEEK? 4. WEN CAN THE MAN WORK? S. WHlAT DOGS THE WOMAN TELL THE, [MAK TO 00 TOMORROW? Conversation 2 Questions 6 through 16, Listen to a conversa tion between two friends. (woman) Hi, Jack, Its good to see you again. Are you ready to get down business again after spring break? (nan) (woman) (man) (woman) (mar) {woman} (man) (woman) (man) (woman) (man) (women) (narrator) Not really, but I guess I don't really have to0 much choice, do? And it going to be particularly hard to get back to work since f just had the most fantastic vacation ever. Really? What did you do? went kayaking on the Klamath River. Kayaking? Yes, what a kayak is, don't you. Irs 2 long, narrow boat, the kind first used by the Eskimos. It's quite popular now on white-water rivers. ‘Oh, Eknow what a kayak is. I was just surprised that you would take a ‘trip like that, Weren't you scared? At first, I was. But after I learned some techniques for maneuvering: the kayak, it wasn’t so bad. We didn't start out on the river, We had three whole days of instruction in a ‘shallow pool first. Then, when we finally got out on the river, I felt ready for it. Did you spend the nights camping outside on the ground? That alone would make the trip unappealing to Oh, no. The accommodations were fantastic. Each person on the trip had a private cabin, and the , facilites included a hot sub, a lodge where you could have a drink and relax, and a top-notch cafeteria with great food. ‘Now, that part of the trip does sound good to me. But I don't think Yl like the part that involves riding dheough rough water in small kayok. Oh, you should try it: I know you'd. like it. Tm going to doit again If as soon as Fcan afford to ‘spend the time and the money, ‘Well, better you than me, 6. WWEN DOES THE CONVERSATION PROBABLY TAKE PLACE? ‘7. WHAT ARETHE MAN AND WOMAN, piscussinG? 8 HOW MUCH INSTRUCTION DID THE. MAN HAVE BEFORE GOING OUT ON ‘THE RIVER? 9. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING 1S NOT PART OF THE KAYAKING TRIP? 10, Wow DOES THE WoMAN FEEL ABOUT TAKING A KATAKING TRIP? ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 31Conversation 3 Questions 11 through 15. Listen to.a conversa. : tion between two classmates, (mart) Did you read the article that the professor assigned for tomorrow's class? It was really interesting. (woman) No, not yet. What was it about? (man) Iwas about pollution, specifically ‘one kind of pollution called acid rain, (woman) Why is it called acid rain? (man) Its called acid rain because the rain ‘or some other kind of precipitation has been polluted with acid. (womart) Where does the acid come from? (man) From ears or factories, anyihing that burns coal or oil. These are made up mostly of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which react ‘with water vapor to form sulfuric acid or nitric acid, (womant) You mean that when coat or burned, acid pets formed? And when it rains or snows, the acids fall back on earth? (mart) “Exactly. That's why its so dangerous. Acid rain has been falling over areas of northern America and northern Europe, and if this isn't checked. the effect on the water supply and plant and animal life could be disastrous. (woman) This is something important. | really need to read that articte. is (rarrator) 1h. WHATS THE Toric OF THIS CONVERSATION? 12. WUAT ENERGY SOURCES CAUSE ACID RAIN? 13, wow ts suurunyc ActD FORMED? 14, AcconDING To THE MAN, WHERE 1S ACID RAIN A PROBLEM? 15. witar Action Does TIIE WOMAN THINK SIIE: SHOULD TAKE NEXT? ‘TOEFL Preparation Guiue | 32Lead-In Exercise 6: Choose the best answer based on the talk! ‘On the recording, you hear: (narrator) Questions I through 4. Lister to a tatk about the settlement of America. (yeoman) The settling of the vast farmlands in central North “America was delayed at least partly because of art error by one man. In the early niinetecrith century, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike of the U.S. Army was sent ‘out to explore and chart the kuge expanses of land in ‘the center of the continent. When he returned from his explorations, he wrote a report in which he erroncously stated that the vast plains in the central part of the continent were deserilike, comparable to the Sahara in Africa. In reality, however, these vast plains contained some of the most fertile farmland in the world, Because of Pike's mistake, the maps of the day depicted the central part of what is today the United States as a vast desert rather than the excellent arid available farmland that it was. This mistaken belief about the nature of those lands caused settlers to.avoid the central plains for years. Questions: 2. On the recording, you hear: 2 |1®®OO (narrator) How did Pike describe the area that he explored? In yourtest book, you read: (A) Asa desert. © 3 |@®OO On the recording, you hear: (narrator) What is the topic of this talk? Im your test book, you read: (A) Zebulon Pike's career. Lead In Exc. 6 {B) Armistake that influenced the * settlement of America. Il (©) Areport for the army. ®OOD (D) The farmlands. (B) As usable for army purposes. (C) As located in the Sahara. (D) Asavailablefor farmland. - |4 |@Q@OOD (On the recording, you hear: (narrator) What was this area really like? In your test book, you read: (A) Tt was avast desert. (B) Itwas covered with farms. (C) Itwase cellent farmland. (D) It war similar to the Sahara. 4, Onthe recording, you hear: (narrator) This talk would probably be given it which of the following courses? In your test book, you read: (A) Agricultural Science. {B) American History. {C) Geology of the United States. (D) Military Science. ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 33REVIEW 6: Listen to each of the talk and answer the group of questions that follow! 1 (A)_ During a biology laboratory 9% (A) Theyare not so violent. session, (B) They are located along the Ring of (B) Ina biology study group. Fire. (C) On the first day of class. (©) They contain a lot of gas. (D) Just before the final exam, (D) They contain thick fava. (A) Once aweek. 10. (A) Avolcano on the Ring of Fire. (B) Two times a week. {B) Anisland in Hawaii, (C) Three times aweek. (©) Along, iow volcanic mountain, (D) Forfifteen hours. (D) An explosive volcano. (A) Todo the first laboratory 1. (A) Anartist. assignment. (B) Atourguide. (B) To take the first exam. (©) Anindian, {C) Tostudy the laboratory manual. D) Orville Wright. (D) Toread one chapter of the text. a ae (A) Rooms assignments (8) Sixy thousand. (B) Exam topics. (©) Sixteen million. (©) Reading assignments. {) Millions and millions, SB). Tee igenare, 13. (A) The National Air and Space (A) Exams and lab work, Museum, (B) Reading and writing assignments. (B) The Museum of Natural History. (©) Class participation and grades on (©) The American History Museum. ‘examinations, (D) The Smithsonian Artsand (D) Lecture and laboratory attendance. Industries Building. (A) What caused the Ring of Fize. 14. (A) The American History Museum. {B) The volcanoes of the Ring of Fire. (B) The Smithsonian Arts and (©) Hawaiian volcanoes. Industries Building. (D) Different types of volcanoes. (©) The Washington Museum. (A) The Ring of Fire. (©) The Nationa Airand Space (B) The characteristics of volcanoes in E the.Ring of Fire, 15. (A) To the White House. (©) The volcanoes of Hawaii. (B) To the Smithsonian. (D) Mauna Loa. (C) To the mall. Utara, (D) To various other museums. (B) In the United States, (©) Along the Ring of Fire. (D) Within the Ring of Fire, REVIEW 6 eae 1 |MBOO l6 |HHOOIUMI@ASGOO) 2 |HBOD 7 |HDOOIPRI HOOD | 3 1DBOD |’ |DOOD[BID@OO 4 |HBOOD |9 |ADBOOIMDGOO) 271A BOD |W A®BOOlS| DOOD | ‘TOEFL Preparation Guide | 34Talk 1 Questions 1 through S. Listen to.a talk given by a professor (woman) (narcator) Welcome io Biology 101. I'm Professor Martin, and this is your laboratory assistant, Peter Smith. This course meets twice a week for Jecture and once a week for laboratory assignments. ‘The text for this course is Introduction to Biological Sciences, by Abramson. You should get the text and read the first chapter before the next class. You will also need (o get the laboratory manual that accompanies the text. Tve passed out acopy of the course syllabus. This syllabus lists the reading assigaments and exam dates. Note that we will cover one chapter a week for each of the next fifteen weeks in the semester, and there will be three exams —¢ throughout the course. Grades in this course are based on your exam grades and your grades ‘on the laboratory assignments. Are there any questions? 1. WREN DOES THIS TALK PROBABLY ‘TAKE PLACE? 2. HOW OFTEN WILL FROFESSOR MARTIN GIVE LECTURES? 3. WHAT IS THE ASSIGNMENT FOR Tif NEXT CLASS? 4. WHAT INFORMATION IS GIVEN IN, THE SYLLABUS? 5. WHAT WILL THE PROFESSOR USE ‘TO DETERMINE THE FINAL COURSE GRADES? Taik 2 Check again your answer by reading the script of each conversation! Questions & through 10. Listen to a lecture given by a professor (man) tnarrator) In yesterday's class, we discussed the volcanoes located in the area known as the Ring of Fire, an area which basically encircles the Pacific and includes the United States’s Mount St. Helens as well 2s Japan's Mt Fuji and Argentinas Aconcagua, the highest mountain in the ‘Western Hemisphere. Most of the world’s approximately $00 active voleances are located along the Ring of Fire, and the eruptions that take place there are among the most violent in the world. Today, we are going to discuss the volcances of Hawaii, which are quite different from the volcanoes in the Ring of Fire. Hawatian voleanoes are not located along the Ring of Fire and are therefore not caused by the movement of the Earth's plates against each other Instead, Hawail is located in the middle of the Ring of Fire, above a massive plate rather than where two, plates meet. The result is that ‘Hawatian volcanoes are much gentler than those in the Ring of Fire: Hawaiian voleanoes have much less gas in them, which ‘causes less explosive eruptions, the lava in Hawaiian voleanoes is thinnes, which results in mounds that are long and low rather than high and steep because the lava flows farther and builds mounds gradually with long, low slopes. ‘Mauna Loa, the name of one of Hawall's most famous volcanoes, actually means “long mountain. 6. WHAT WAS THE Forte OF ‘YESTERDAY'S LECTURE? 7. war 1s THE Torte oF TODAY's tecrune? 8 WHERE ARE Most OF THE WORLD'S ACTIVE VOLCANOES. LocaTe0? 9. WHAT 1S CHARACTERISTIC OF HLAWAII'S VOLCANOES? 10, WHAT 1S MAUNA LOA? TOEFL Preparation Guide | 35