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Mci CHAPTER I

The document discusses different types of heat engines and internal combustion engines. It defines heat engines and describes external and internal combustion engines. It then covers the principles of engines and classifies engines based on criteria like the number of strokes, cylinders, cylinder positioning, use, air intake, mixture formation, fuel type, ignition, and cooling system.

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20 views

Mci CHAPTER I

The document discusses different types of heat engines and internal combustion engines. It defines heat engines and describes external and internal combustion engines. It then covers the principles of engines and classifies engines based on criteria like the number of strokes, cylinders, cylinder positioning, use, air intake, mixture formation, fuel type, ignition, and cooling system.

Uploaded by

utfyhjk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I-1 : DEFINITION :

Heat engines machines that transform thermal energy into mechanical


energy. Thermal energy obtained burning a mixture of air and fuel. they are
divided into two groups:

- external combustion engine :

Where combustion is outside the engine.

-internal combustion engine:

combustion is inside the engine, in the combustion chamber. Piston


engines, gas turbines and turbojet engines are part of this group.

But traditionally, the name is reserved, only, to piston engines.

I-2: ENGINE PRINCIPLE

In an engine the expansion of gases brought to high temperatures by the


combustion of a fuel in air is used.

I-6 : DIFFERENTS TYPES DE GMP :

depends on the arrangement of the cylinders


I-6-1: in-line engine
The cylinders are placed in the same plane

Benefits

 Simple shape
 Wetting and simple machining
 Good accessibility

Disadvantages
 Dimensions in height and length if the cylinders are
numerous

I-6-2: V-engine:

The cylinders are divided into two equal groups and following two planes on the axis
of the crankshaft (60 to 90).

This is a suitable layout for 6 cylinders and more.


Advantages:
layout that allows to manufacture engines of 6 to 12 cylinders balanced and
relatively less bulky

Disadvantages: Some organs are difficult to access

1.6.3: radial engines:


The cylinders are distributed radially around the crankshaft
Advantages :

 homogeneous cooling
 More power

Disadvantages

 It's cumbersome
 Very difficult accessibility
I-6-4: flat engine
In-line cylinders arranged horizontally on either
advantages

 it saves space in length and height,


 lowers the center of gravity of the vehicle,
disadva
 but represents an accessibility problem
I-7: ENGINE CLASSIFICATION

 Depending on the number of times for the realization of a cycle, in


four-stroke engine and two-stroke engines
 Depending on the number of cylinders, in single-cylinder engines and
multi-cylinder engines.
 according to the position of the cylinders (in-line engines, V-shaped
 depending on use, in transport engines and engines
Stationary
 depending on the form of the introduction of air into the combustion
chamber, naturally aspirated engines and supercharged engines
 Depending on the type of formation of the mixture, in engines with
external formation of the mixture (carburetor engines) and RN
engines of internal formation (diesel engines)
 depending on the type of fuel used (gasoline, diesel, gas)
 by type of ignition, spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines
 Depending on the type of cooling system (air cooling or EA cooling

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