IUPAC NOMENCLATURE

OF SATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKANE OR PARAFFIN)

NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
In the early days of development of organic chemistry, the organic compounds were called by their common
ames. For example, CH4 is called as Marsh gas, Firedamp. The created a lot of confusion in naming the organic
compounds. To avoid such confusion & mutual understanding in the knowledge of organic compounds was
introduced.
In 1889, international chemical congress appointed a committee to formulate the rules. The rules were
accepted in a meeting held at Geneva in 1892. The naming of organic compounds was called Geneva System of
Nomenclature.
International Union of Chemistry (IUC) took the charge of modifying the rules in 1919. The system was
modified by IUC in 1930 at liege (Belgium).
Further modification in IUC rules were made by international Union of pure & Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in a
meeting held at Amsterdam (Holland) in 1949. The most recent rules for Nomenclature of organic compounds were
published in 1979.

01 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH3 CH3

│ │ │ │ │
CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 08 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ─ H
│ │ │
CH2 ─ CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3
│ │ H
02 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 │
09 C6H5 ─ C ─ C6H5
│
03
CH3 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH3 C6H5
│ │ │
CH3 CH3 CH3 10
CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3
│
C2H5 CH3
CH3 ─ CH
│ │
04 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ C ─ CH2 ─ CH3
│ 11 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH3
CH3 │
CH2
05 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 │
│ CH3
CH2
│ 12 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3
CH3 │ │
CH3 C2H5
C2H5
│
06 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH3 13 (H3C)2 ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ─ (CH3)3

07 (CH3)2 CH ─ CH ─ CH (CH3)3 14 CH3─C(CH3)2─(CH2)2─CH3

│
CH3

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 15 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3
│ │
CH3 CH3

Q16 → Name the following compounds a/c to IUPAC System?

1) CH3-C(CH3)2-(CH2)2-CH3 4) CH3(CH2)2.CH(C2H5).CH2CH(CH3)2
2) (CH3)3C-CH2-CH(CH3)2 5) (CH3)2.CH,CH2,CH2,CH(C2H5),CH3
3) (CH3)2CH(CH2)2-CH3 6) (CH3)2.CH.CH2.CH(C2H5).C(CH3)3

IUPAC
OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKENE OR OLEFIN)
NOMENCLATURE
H H H
│ │ │
01 H ─ C ─ C ─ C = C─ H CH3
│ │ │ │
H H H H H CH2 H
│ │ │ │
H H H 05 H ─ C = C ─ C ─ C─ H
│ │ │ │ │
02 H ─ C ─ C = C ─ C─ H H H
│ │ │ CH3
H H H │
06 CH3 ─ C = C ─ H
H H H H │
│ │ │ │ H
03 H─C─C─C─C=C─H
│ │ │ │
H H H H 07 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ C = CH2
│
H H H H CH2
│ │ │ │ │
04 H─C─C=C─C─C─H CH2
│ │ │ │ │
H H H H CH3

CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3

│
08 CH3 ─ CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH ─ CH = CH2

09 CH3 ─ CH2 CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3

C= C

CH2 ─ CH2 ─ CH3 CH2 ─ CH3

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 H H H H H
│ │ │ │ │
10 H─C=C─C─C=C─H
│
H

11 CH3 ─ CH = C = CH2

12 CH2 = CH ─ CH ─ CH = CH ─ CH = CH2

CH3
│
13 CH3 – CH2 – C = C – CH(CH3)2
│
CH3
Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC System?
01) CH3-CH=CH(CH2)2-CH3 02) CH3-CH(CH3)CH=CH-CH3

03) CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 04) CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2

05) CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3 06) CH2=C(C2H5)-CH2-CH(CH3)2

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON (ALKYNE OR ACETYLENE)
01 H2C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH 06 H2C ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ C ≡ CH
│ │
CH3 CH3
CH3 CH2
02 HC ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3 │ │
│ 07 H3C ≡ C ─ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH
CH3 │
C2H5
03 H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H
│ 08 H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH
C2H5 │ │
C2H5 C2H5
04 H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3
│ │ 09
│ │
C2H5 CH3
C2H5 CH3
CH3
│
05 H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H
│ │ │ 10 H3C ─ C ─ C ≡ CH
C2H5 CH3 CH3 │
CH3
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 IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
OF ALKENYNE (HAVING ALL TYPES OF BOND (ANE, ENE, YNE)
01) H2C ═ CH ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3 CH3 CH3
│ │ │
CH3 07) H3C ═ C ─ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ H
02) H3C ─ CH ═ C ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H │
│ C2H5
CH3
03) H2C ─ CH ═ C ─ CH2 ─ C ≡ C ─ H 08) H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ CH ─ CH2
│ │ │
C2H5 CH2 CH3 ─ CH ─ CH3
│
05) H ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ CH CH3
│ │ │
CH2 CH3 CH3 09) H3C ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ C ≡ C ─ CH3
│ │ │
CH3 C2H5 CH3
06) H ─ C ≡ C ─ CH ─ C ≡ C ─ C ═ C ─ H
│ │ │
CH3 CH3 C2H5

IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
NAME TO STRUCTURE OF ALKANE, ALKENE & ALKYNE
Q → Write the structural formulas for?
01) 2,2,4 – trimethyl pentane 02) 2-methyle , 3-ethyl pentane
03) 2,2,3,3-tetrachloro hexane 04) 2,3,4 – trimethyl hexane
05) 2,2 – dimethyle butane

Q → Write the structural formulas for?

01) 2-methyle propene 02) 2,4-dimethyle,1-pentene
03) 2,5-heptadiene 04) 1,3-butadiene
05) 1,3,5-hexatriene 06) 2-pentyne
07) 3-methyle-1-hexyne 08) 4,4-dimethyle, 2-pentyne
09) 1-pentene, 4-yne 10) 1,3-pentadiyne

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 ALKYL HALIDE
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Halo-Alkane)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Halide)
1) CH3l2 Cl
│
2) HCCl3 8) CH3 – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH2 – Br
│
3) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2Br Cl
9) CH2 – CH2
4) CH3 – CH2 – CHCl – CH4 │ │
Cl Cl
CH3
│
10)CH2 = CH – CH2Cl
5) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – Cl

CH3 Br
│ │
11) CH3 – CH – CH = CH – CH3
6) CH3 – CH – CH2Br

CH3 CH3
│ │
12) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH2 – C = CH
7) CH3 – C – CH2
│ │
Br Br

AMINES
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkane Amine)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Amine)
1) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3
│
6) CH2 = CH – CH2 NH2
NH2

2) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3 7) CH3 – NH2

│
NH2 8) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – NH2
3) (CH3)2 CH – NHCH3
9) CH3 – NH2 – CH3
CH3
│ 10) CH3 – CH2 – N – CH – CH3
4) CH3 – CH – NH – CH3 │ │
CH3 CH3
5) H2N – CH3 – CH2 – CH2 - NH2

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 ALCOHOL
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanol ; Suffix: ol)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alcohol)
1) CH3 OH 8) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3
│
2) C2H5 – OH H – C – OH
│
3) CH3 – CH2 - CH2OH H

4) CH3 – CHOH – CH3 9) H2C = CH – CH2 – OH

5) CH3 – CH – CH3OH OH
│ │
CH3 10)CH2 = CH – CH2 – CH – CH3

CH3
│ 11) CH2 – CH2
6) CH3 – C – CH3 │ │
│ OH OH
OH
CL Cl
│ │
7) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH – CH – CH2OH 12)CH3 CH = C – CH – CH2 – OH
│ │
CH3 CH3 CH3 Br
│ │
13)OH - CH2 – CH – CH – CH3

Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) CH3-CHOH-(CH2)4Br 02) CL-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-OH

03) CH3-CH=CH(CH3)-CH2OH 04) CH2=CH-CH2-OH

Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Sec-butyl alcohol 02) Neo-pentyl alcohol

03) 3-methyl butanol 03) Iso-butyl alcohol

05) Tert-butyl alcohol 06) 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2-pentanol

07) 2,2-dimethyl,1-4-hexandiol

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 ETHER
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkoxy Alkane)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alkyl Ether )
1) CH3 – CH2 – CH3 – O – CH3

CH3
│
2) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OCH2 – CH3

3) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH3

OCH2 – CH3
│
4) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3

CH3 OCH2CH3
│ │
5) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH – CH3 9) CH3 – O – CH3

CH3 10) CH3 – O – CH2 – CH3

│
6) C2H5 – O – C – CH3
│
CH3

Cl CH3 – CH2 Br CH3

│ │ │ │
7) CH3 – CH – C – CH2 – CH2 –C – CH2 – CH – CH3
│ │
O O
│ │
CH3 C2H5

Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01 C6H5-O-C6H5 04) (CH3)2CH-O-C2H5
02 C2H5-O-C(CH3)3 05) CH3-CH(OC2H5)-CH2-CH3
03. C3H7-O-C2H5 06) C2H5-O-C(CH3)2-CH3
Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Di-isopropyl ether 02) Ethyle-tert-butyl ether

03) Isobutyl methyl ether 04) 2-methoxy hexane

05) 2-methyle-2-methoxy butane 06) 3-ethoxy heptane

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 07) Di-methyle ether 08) Ethoxy ethane

09) 2-methyl-2-ethoxy propane 10) Methyl propyl ether

ALDEHYDE
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanal Suffix: al)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + Aldehyde)
Prefix:
1) Form 2) Acet 3) Propion 4) Butyl 5) Valer 6) Capro
O O

01) CH3 – C - H (vii) Br – CH2 – CH2 – C - H

CHO CH3
O

(viii) CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH – CH2 – CH3

2) CH3 – CH2 – C – H O
O
(ix) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 – CH – C – H
(iii) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – C - H
CH3 O CH2 C2H5 Cl

Cl O
(iv) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C - H

CH3
(x) CH3 – C – CH = CH – C - H

(v) CH3 – C – CHO

CH3
O O
OH
C. Cl3 CHO
(vi) (xi) H – C – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C – H

Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) CH3-CH2-CH(CHO)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 03) CH3-C(CL)(CH3)-CH=CH-CHO
02) CH3-CH2-C(C2H5)2-CHO 04) CHO-(CH2)3-CHO

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Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Isobutraldehyde 02) 2-chloropropanal

03) -methyl propionaldehyde 04) -methyl butyraldehyde

03) Propanal 06) Valeraldehyde

KETONE
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanone Suffix: one)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Alkyl Alkyl Ketone)

O O CH2

1) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH3 5) CH3 – C – CH – CH3

O
CH3 CH3

2) CH3 – CH2 – C – CH2 – CH3

6) CH3 – CH – CO – CH – CH3
CH3 O
O O

CH3 – CH – CH2 – C – CH3

3) 7) CH3 – C – CH2 – CH2 – C – CH3
O O O

4) CH3 – C – CH – Br2 8) CH3 – C – CH = CH – C – CH3

Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) CH3-CO-CHBr2 02) CH3-CO-C(CH3)2-CH3
03) CH3-CH2-CO-CH(CL)-CH3 04) CH3-CH(CH3)-CO-CH(CH3)-CH3
04) CH3-CO-CH=CH-CO-CH3 06) CH3-CO-CH2-CH2-CO-CH3
07) CH3-CH(CH3)-CO-CH(C2H5)-CH2-CH3

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Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Methyle-ter-butyl ketone 02) Pentan-2-one

03) 4,5-dimethyl, 3-heptanone 04) 1-bromo,3-methyle hexan-2-one

05) Methyl ethyl ketone 06) 2,4-dimethyl hexane-3-one

07) Methyl propyl ketone 08) 5,5-dimethyl hexan, 3-one

CARBOXYLIC ACID
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanoic acid ; Suffix: oic)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + Oic Acid)
CH3 O
05) Cl2C. COOH

Br O
01) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C – OH

CH3
06) CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – C – OH

CH3
02) CH - COOH

CH3 CH3 O
CH3

03) CH3 – CH2 - COOH 07) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 – C – OH

04) COOH

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08) CH3 – CH – CH – CH2 - COOH COOH CH2COOH

CH3 Br 11) COOH (xii) CH2COOH

09) CH – CH = CH - COOH CH2COOH

10) CH3 – CH = CH – CH – CH - COOH

12) CH2

NO2 Br
CH2COOH

Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?

01) (CH3)2-CH-COOH 02) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-COOH
03) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(Br)-CH2-COOH 04) CH3-CH(CL)-CH(CH3)-COOH
05) CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH(Br)-COOH

Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?

01) 3-chloropentanoic acid 02) , -dimethyl butyric acid

03) Valeric acid 04) 2-bromo-3-methyl hexanoic acid

05) -hydroxy propionic acid

ESTER
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE (Pattern: Alkanoate ; Suffix: oate)
TRIVIAL OR COMMON NAMES (Pattern: Prefix + ate)
O
CH3

01) H – C- OCH3
05) CH3 – CH – CH2 – COO – CH2 – CH3
O O CH3

02) CH3 – C – OC2H5 06) CH3 – C – O - CH

O

CH3
03) CH3 – CH2 – C – OCH3
04) CH3 – COO – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2
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Q → Name the following a/c to IUPAC system?
01) CH2-CH2-COO-CH(CH3)2 02) CH3-(CH2)4-COO-CH3
03) CH3-CH2-COO-(CH2)3-CH3 04) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO-C(CH3)3
Q → Write the structural formulae of the following?
01) Isopropyl propionate 02) Butyl acetate
03) Isobutyl formate 04) Butyl Propionate

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