UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

___________________________________________________________________

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS

MECHANICS OF MACHINES / DYNAMICS LABORATORY

LAPORAN MAKMAL INDIVIDU /INDIVIDUAL LABORATORY REPORT

BDA37401 ENGINEERING MECHANICS LABORATORY II

EXPERIMENT TITTLE:
COMPUTERIZED GEAR SYSTEM

No Matrik/Matrices
Nama pelajar/Name of Student ABDUL AZIM BIN HALIM
CD200219
Seksyen/Section
Kumpulan/Group G1 S1
1.
Dr. Mohd Norihan Bin Ibrahim @ Tamrin
Nama Pensyarah/Pengajar/Tutor/
Lecturer/Instructor/Tutor’s Name 2.
Prof. Madya Ts. Dr. Zamri Bin Noranai
Nama Ahli Kumpulan / No.
Penilaian / Assesment
Group Members Matrik
1. ABDULLAH MOHAMMED AHMED BD190010

2. AHMAD MUIZZUDDIN BIN AHMAD SHARAINON DD210013 Keputusan / Results 30 %

3. AIMAN FAHIM BIN HAMDAN DD210026

4. ALIFF IZHAM BIN SAHARUDIN DD210041

5. Perbincangan / Discussions 70 %
Tarikh Ujikaji / Date 24.04.2023
of Experiment
Tarikh Hantar / Date
02.05.2023
of Submission JUMLAH / TOTAL 100%

ULASAN PEMERIKSA/COMMENTS
COP DITERIMA/APPROVED STAMP
 TOPIC 3
COMPUTERIZED GEAR SYSTEM

3.1 INTRODUCTION
Gears are a means of changing the rate of rotation of a machinery shaft. They can also
change the direction of the axis of rotation and can change rotary motion to linear motion. A
gear is a toothed wheel designed to transmit torque to another gear or toothed component.
Different size gears are often used in pairs, allowing the torque of the driving gear to produce
a large torque in the driven gear at lower speed, or a smaller torque at higher speed. The
larger gear is known as wheel and the smaller gear as a pinion.

3.2 EXPERIMENTAL THEORY

Consider a simple schematic of a gear box with an input and output shaft as shown in Figure
3.1.

Figure 3.1: Simple Schematic of Gear Box

Gear ratio, G.R = Input Speed / Output Speed , = N1 / N2

Gear ratio, G.R = (product of driven teeth )/ (product of driver teeth)
Gear ratio, G.R = Input Speed / Output Speed, = ω1 /ω2
The power transmitted by a torque, T (Nm) applied to the shaft rotating at N (rev/min) is
given by:
Power, P = Tω
P = [ 2π N T] / 60

In the ideal gearbox, the input and output power are the same so,

[ 2π N1 T1] / 60 = [ 2π N2 T2] / 60

In a real gear box, power is lost through friction and the power output is smaller than the
power input.
The efficiency is defined as;
ɳ = Power Output / Power Input
ɳ = [2πN2T2 x60] / [2πN1T1x60]
ɳ = T2ω2 / T1ω1
Note: N - speed in rev/ min ω - angular velocity ( rad/s )

Table 3.1 Technical Specification of Equipment

Figure 3.2 Connecting diagram

Figure 3.3 Simple Schematic of Gear Box

3.3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES

3.3.1 EXPERIMENTS FOR 4 STAGE GEAR WITH SAME SIZE GEAR –

GEAR SET 1

a. Make sure gear set 1 is in place. If not, install the gear set 1 into the system
according to the following steps:-
i. Remove the transparent protective cover of the system.
ii. Remove the locking bolts of the gear set.
iii. Remove the gear set by lifting it using the handles.
iv. Put the removed gear set by lifting on storage table.
v. Take the new gear set and put it on the system. Make sure the gear set is
completely in place.
vi. Tighten the locking bolts.
vii. Put the transparent protective cover of the system. The new set is ready to
operate.

b. Turn on the system by pressing ON button. The controller and motor displays will
ON.
c. Slowly increase the speed until it reaches 100rpm. Let the system run and stabilize
for an about 10 seconds. Using a Tachometer, take the rotational speed of the gear
by pointing the beam-pointer to the reflector. Record the speed into the lab sheet
accordingly.
d. Slowly increase the speed until it reaches 200rpm. Let the system run and stabilize
for about 10 seconds. Again use Tachometer to get rotational speed. Record the
speed into the lab sheet 1.
Follow the step 3.4.1.d to 3.4.1.g for the speed adjustment of 300rpm, 400rpm,
500rpm, 600rpm and 700rpm.
e. Turn OFF the potentiometer slowly
f. Record all values in Table 3.2.
3.3.2 EXPERIMENTS FOR 4 STAGE GEAR WITH DIFFERENT SIZE GEAR -
GEAR SET 2
a. Make sure gear set 2 is in place. If not, install the gear set 2 into the system
according to the steps 3.4.1.a ( i - vii )
b. Turn on the system by pressing ON button. The controller and motor displays will
ON.
c. Slowly increase the speed until it reaches 100rpm. Let the system run and stabilize
for an about 10 seconds. Using a Tachometer, take the rotational speed of the gear
by pointing the beam-pointer to the reflector. Record the speed into the lab sheet
accordingly.
d. Slowly increase the speed until it reaches 200rpm. Let the system run and stabilize
for about 10 seconds. Again use Tachometer to get rotational speed. Record the
speed into the data sheet.
e. Follow the step 3.4.2.a to 3.4.2.g. for the speed adjustment of 300rpm, 400rpm,
500rpm, 600rpm and 700rpm.
f. Turn OFF the potentiometer slowly.
g. Record all values in Table 3.3.

3.4 ACTIVITIES

3.4.1 RESULTS (30%)

a. Fill in the experimental result in the Table 3.2 and 3.3
 Table 3.2 4 Stage Gear with Same Size Gear – Gear Set 1

18 78 78 78
18 18 18
36 156 156 156
0.2308 0.0533 0.0123
22.3 4.0 1.1
45.2 10.8 2.3
67.4 15.1 3.0
93.0 21.3 4.3
114.0 26.1 5.8
136.5 31.0 6.3
160.9 37.0 7.4
- 0.2274 0.051 0.011
- 0.708 0.776 0.692

Table 3.3 4 Stage Gear with Different Size Gear – Gear Set 2

18 38 78 118
36 76 156 232
0.4737 0.1093 0.0167
44.5 10.0 1.1
94.9 21.4 3.8
143.5 32.8 4.0

189.4 43.2 6.9

236.9 55.0 8.8
283.5 64.6 9.0
329.5 77.3 11.9

0.4698 0.1075 0.0157

0.714 0.724 0.806