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Refrigerating Engineers & Technicians Association

CRES EXAMINATION
STUDY GUIDE

Table of Contents
Introduction to the CRES Study Guide 2
Using RETA References on Screen 2
Calculations and Refrigeration System Screens 4
Sample System Screen 5
Formulas 7
CRES References Sheet 8
Ammonia Safety Data Sheet (SDS) 10
CRES Screens 1 to 24 19
Ammonia Saturated Properties Table 41
Halocarbon Refrigerant Properties Table 49
Lighting 57

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Introduction to the CRES Study Guide

This CRES Examination Study Guide is designed to help you prepare to demonstrate what
you know and can do in this RETA certification test. You will improve your chances of
earning your CRES credential by treating this CRES Study Guide as you would the technical
manuals in a refrigeration facility where you work. Your chances of earning the CRES
credential improve if you are familiar with the details in the CRES Study Guide. Just as
your job requires that you know what is in operating manuals and when to refer to them to
understand or resolve a problem, the CRES test requires that you know what is in the
References document and when to use it. You will not be told when to use the references
for this test.
Using RETA References On-Screen
References for each RETA test are in a PDF that appears on the screen next to test
questions. You will have the following tools for using the PDF.
• Move the red vertical line separating the two sections from side to side to assign
more screen space to the References or to questions.
• Zoom in or out to make pages in the References PDF larger or smaller by clicking on
the plus (+) or minus (-) symbols at the top of the screen. This tool bar disappears after a
few seconds. The toolbar reappears when you move the mouse over the References
document.
• Scroll from page to page to find the location in the References that has the table,
formulas or other information you want to use.

Do not use the CTRL + F keys for searching in the PDF as this will cause
the testing system to think a security violation is happening and will
automatically log the test taker out and the login screen will appear.

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The following screens show how this will work during the test.
Screen 1 The sample question asks about controlling an ammonia fire. The
References document title page appears on the right side of the screen.

Zoom in or out to make pages in the References larger or smaller by holding down the Control key and
using the scroll wheel on the mouse. You cannot use the save or print functions in the toolbar during the
test. If you click on those icons, you need to click “Cancel” in the menu that appears for either function to
return to References.

Screen 2 Information to help answer the question appears in the Ammonia SDS.
Scroll to the opening page of the SDS.

Screen 3 The answer to the question appears in the first paragraph of Section 5,
Fire Fighting Measures, in the ammonia SDS. In this screen the vertical
red line has been moved
to the left to increase the screen space assigned to the References document.

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Calculations and Refrigeration System Screens

All calculations required in this test can be completed with a simple calculator. A scientific
calculator is NOT required to perform well on this examination. The screens that appear in
the CRES examination provide information about operating conditions in a refrigeration
system. Some screens include information about both “NORMAL” and “ABNORMAL”
operating conditions. The screens do not specify how much time has passed between these
two sets of data. Several months may have passed between the time when the “NORMAL”
and “ABNORMAL” readings were recorded.

The CRES examination requires you to demonstrate that you can use these screens to:
• Determine the condition of the refrigerant at any place in the system by knowing
how to use the information provided.
• Analyze the findings of the conditions and apply your knowledge to adjust
system components to resolve a problem and/or achieve a better running
condition.
• Determine the cost of operating under the conditions indicated in the screens. In
both dollars per hour and in power demand or consumption over time.
• Use refrigerant properties tables in the CRES References and in this CRES Study
Guide to interpret information and/or solve a problem in the system’s operating
conditions. CRES references in this Study Guide will be available on screen
during the examination.

A sample screen appears on the next page. This is followed by a series of

questions you should consider as you prepare to take the CRES Examination.

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SAMPLE CRES SCREEN 300 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR –

NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 32 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 295 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 55 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 26°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 171°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 136°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE
151 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 171°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET - THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
TEMP - CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED
NOTES: POWER FACTOR IS 0.86 MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE
MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 93%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE

SAMPLE CRES SCREEN 300 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR –

NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 32 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 339 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 184 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 55 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 26°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 192°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 95°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 154°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE
181 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 192°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 95°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET - THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
TEMP - CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED
NOTES: POWER FACTOR IS 0.86 MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE
MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 93%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE

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CRES STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS

Answer the following questions based on NORMAL Conditions in the Sample CRES Screen.
1. What is the superheat at the compressor inlet?
2. What is the temperature differential between the oil cooler oil inlet and the oil outlet?
3. What is the temperature differential between the oil cooler coolant outlet and the
oil outlet?
4. What is the superheat at the compressor outlet?
5. What is the pressure drop from the compressor discharge to the condenser outlet?
6. What is the excess pressure due to non-condensables in the system?
7. What is the condition of the refrigerant leaving the oil cooler?
8. How much horsepower is being developed by the compressor motor under the
normal conditions?
9. What is the instantaneous Kw demand developed by the compressor motor under
normal conditions?
10. If power is $0.17 per kwh, how much does it cost to run the motor under normal
conditions for one hour? For one day (24 hours)? For one week? For a 5000 run-hour
year?

Answer the following questions based on ABNORMAL Conditions in the Sample

CRES Screen.
11. What is the superheat at the compressor inlet?
12. What is the temperature differential between the oil cooler oil inlet and the oil outlet?
13. What is the temperature differential between the oil cooler coolant outlet and the
oil outlet?
14. What is the oil cooling coolant?
15. What is the superheat at the compressor outlet?
16. What is the pressure drop from the compressor discharge to the condenser outlet?
17. What is the excess pressure due to non-condensables in the “abnormal” system?
18. What is the condition of the refrigerant leaving the oil cooler?
19. How much horsepower is being developed by the compressor motor?
20. What is the instantaneous Kw demand developed by the compressor motor?
21. If power is $0.17 per kwh, how much does it cost to run the motor under normal
conditions for one hour? For one day (24 hours)? For one week? For a 5000 run-time
year?
22. What is the excess cost per hour for running poorly? For 24 hours? For one week?
For a 5000 run-hour year?
23. What would happen to the condenser sump temperature if the fans were not running
if you assume the wet bulb temperature is the same as under NORMAL conditions?
24. What would happen to the condenser sump water temperature if the pump was
not running if you assume the wet bulb temperature is the same as under
NORMAL conditions?
25. What might happen to the condenser sump water temperature if the coils were sealed
up significantly?
26. What might be going on that causes the higher condensing conditions?

Answer sheet on RETA website; Certification tab; CRES tab

Area of a circle:
Area of a rectangle:

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A = side1•side2
A = Radius • Radius • 3.1416

Volume of a room V = side1• side2 • side3

Volume of a cylinder V = Length • radius • radius • 3.1416

One Horsepower (HP or BHP) = 2545 BTU / HR

To find kiloWatts of power (3 phase )

Amps • Volts • PowerFactor •1.73
kW =
1000
To find Brake Horsepower used by a driven device (3 phase motor)

BHP =
Amps • Volts • PowerFactor • Efficiency • 1.73
746

To find Power Cost in Dollars per Hour:

Cost($) = ($ price per kiloWatt hour • kiloWatt hours metered )  Hours operated

To find Brake Horsepower (used by a driven device) per TR (Ton of Refrigeration)

BHP
BHP per Ton =
TR
To find kiloWatts per Ton of Refrigeration (TR)
kW
kiloWatts per Ton=
TR

Heat Transfer Equations Where: M=

Mass or weight of object Cp =
Specific Heat of object
(T1-T2) = Difference in temperature before and after process
hL = Latent Heat quantity in a pound of the object
Qsensible = M • Cp • (T1− T2)
Sensible Heat Transfer:

Latent Heat Transfer: Qlatent = M • hL

Compression Ratio Equation:

Ratio = Absolute Discharge Pressure / Absolute Suction Pressure
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Vacuum Conversion: Use Saturation Tables

Reprinted with permission from Cascade Energy Engineering, Inc.

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Reprinted with permission from Cascade Energy Engineering, Inc.

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GHS Safety Data Sheet

Revision Issued: 5/20/2014 Supersedes: 2/22/2012
(Sections changed: No Changes) First Issued: 12/01/85

Section 1 – Identification of the Product and Manufacturer

Product Identifier: Anhydrous Ammonia

Synonyms/Common Names: Ammonia; NH3
Product Use & Restrictions: Refer to label

CAS Number: 7664-41-7 HBCC MSDS No. CA10000

Hill Brothers Chemical Company

1675 No. Main Street, Orange, California 92867
Telephone No: 714-998-8800 | Outside CA: 800-821-7234
Emergency: Chemtrec: 800-424-9300

Section 2 – Hazard Identifications

Classifications of the Product
Flammable Gases – Category 2
Gases Under Pressure – Compressed
Gas Acute Toxicity: Inhalation –
Category 3 Skin Corrosion/Irritation –
Category 1B
Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation – Category
1 Aquatic Toxicity (Chronic) – Category 1

Labels | Signal Word: DANGER

Pictograms:

Hazard Statements
Flammable Gas
Contains gas under pressure; may
explode if heated Toxic if inhaled
Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

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Precautionary Statements
Wear protective gloves: >8 hours (breakthrough time): Use chemical-resistant,
impervious gloves. Wear eye or face protection (Recommended: Chemical Splash
Proof Goggles, Face shield). Wear protective clothing (Recommended: Chemical-
resistant apron).
Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames and hot surfaces. – No
Smoking. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
Avoid release to the environment.
Avoid breathing gas.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Collect spillage.
Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for
breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or physician.
IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER of physician. Rinse mouth.
Do NOT induce vomiting.
IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin
with water or shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Immediately
call a POISON CENTER or physician.
IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact
lenses, if present and easy to do so. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a
POISON CENTER or physician.
Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless can be stopped
safely. Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
Store locked up.
Protect from
sunlight.
Store in a well-ventilated place.
Dispose of contents and container in accordance with all local, regional, national and
international regulations.
Contact eye lenses should never be worn while handling anhydrous ammonia.

Section 3 – Composition/Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Ammonia

Synonyms/Common Names: Ammonia;
NH3 CAS Number: 7664-41-7

Anhydrous Ammonia (NH3) 99.8 – 99.999% wt

Water 0.2% -.001% wt.

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Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Ingestion: If this gas is swallowed in liquid form, keep victim warm and OBTAIN
IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION. If signs of respiratory obstruction develop,
immediately transport to medical facility. Do not induce vomiting. Never give fluids or
induce vomiting if patient is unconscious or having convulsions.
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Give oxygen if breathing is difficult.
If breathing has stopped, start artificial respiration. OBTAIN IMMEDIATE
MEDICAL ATTENTION.
Skin: Apply water immediately to exposed areas of skin and continue for at least
30 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing, shoes, and constrictive clothing while
continuing to apply water, being careful not to tear the skin. If skin surface is
damaged, apply a clean dressing. If skin surface is not damaged, cleanse the
affected area(s) thoroughly with mild soap and water. Do not apply salves or
ointments to affected areas. OBTAIN IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION.
Eyes: Remove victim to fresh air. Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least
30 minutes with the eyelids held apart. OBTAIN IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION.
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure: Ammonia is a
respiratory irritant. Persons with impaired pulmonary function may be at an
increased risk from exposure. Also pre-existing skin disorders may be aggravated by
exposure.
Summary of Acute Health Hazards
Ingestion: This material is a gas under normal atmospheric conditions and ingestion
is unlikely. Ingestion of liquid ammonia may result in severe irritation or ulceration of
the mouth, throat and digestive tract which may be displayed by nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea and, in severe cases, collapse, shock and death.
Inhalation: Irritation to the mucous membranes of the nose, throat and lungs is
noticeable at 100 ppm. Concentrations above 400 ppm will cause throat irritation
and may destroy mucous surfaces upon prolonged contact. High concentrations can
cause pulmonary edema. Breathing air containing concentrations greater than
5,000 ppm may cause sudden death from spasm or inflammation of the larynx.
Skin: Liquid Ammonia produces severe skin burns on contact. Ammonia gas may
cause skin irritation, especially if skin is moist. The liquid can cause skin damage
resulting from combined freezing and corrosive action on the skin. Atmospheric
concentrations above 30,000 ppm will burn and blister skin after a few seconds of
exposure.
Eyes: Exposure to high gas concentrations may cause temporary blindness and
severe eye damage. Direct contact of the eyes with liquid ammonia will produce
serious eye burns.

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Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

Extinguishing Media: Use Water Spray or Water Fog, Carbon Dioxide, Polar or
Alcohol Foam, Dry Chemical. Halon may decompose into toxic materials. Carbon
dioxide can displace oxygen. Use caution when applying halon or carbon dioxide in
confined spaces.
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: Gas may ignite at vapor concentrations
between 16% and 25% in air. However, ammonia-air mixtures are difficult to
ignite and burn with little vigor. In the absence of oxygen enrichment, the risk of
initiating an accidental fire or explosion is low. Do not allow ammonia vapors to
accumulate in confined areas where ignition may occur. Intense heating
particularly in contact with hot metallic surfaces may cause decomposition of
ammonia generating hydrogen, a flammable gas.
Special Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Stop flow of gas. Use water fog to
keep fire-exposed containers cool and to protect personnel effecting the shut-off.
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and encapsulating chemical
protective clothing. Approach fire upwind and evacuate area downwind. Emergency
responders in the danger area should wear bunker gear and self-contained breathing
apparatus for fires beyond the incipient stage (29CFR 1910.156). In addition, wear
other appropriate protective equipment as conditions warrant (See Section VIII).
Isolate damage area, keep unauthorized personnel out. Stop spill/release if it can
be done with minimal risk. If this cannot be done, allow fire to burn. Move
undamaged containers from danger area if it can be done with minimal risk. Stay
away from ends of container. Water spray may be useful in minimizing or
dispersing vapors.
Cool equipment exposed to fire with water, if it can be done with minimal risk.
Additional Description Requirement: Inhalation
Hazard NFPA Rating: Health - 3; Flammability - 1;
Instability - 0 0=Insignificant 1=Slight 2=Moderate
3=High 4=Extreme
According to the (UFC) Uniform Fire Code Standard 79-3 (2000), the degree of
Hazard is 3-3-0 in a confined space.

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Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Note that although ammonia gas is lighter than air,
sudden release may generate an aerosol of liquefied ammonia which may cling to
the ground for long distances. May ignite in the presence of open flames and
sparks. Narrow lower to upper combustion range (16-25%) makes ignition difficult.
Keep all sources of ignition away from spill/release. Do not apply water onto
leaking tank. Stop the flow of gas or liquid. Use water to protect personnel
effecting the shut-off. Approach from upwind. Evacuate the area immediately.
Eliminate all open flames in vicinity of indoor spills or released vapor. Water fog
can be used to cleanse atmosphere of ammonia vapor. Downwind areas can be
protected by water fog nozzles positioned downwind.
Protective Equipment: Wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing
apparatus.
Emergency Procedures: Do not enter a visible cloud of ammonia. Isolate and
evacuate the leak or spill area immediately for at least 150 feet in all directions. For
larger spills, isolate at least 300 feet in all directions and then evacuate area
downwind at least 0.4 miles in width and at least 0.8 miles in length. Keep area
isolated until gas has dispersed.
Methods of Containment and Clean-Up: Dike liquid spills to contain liquid.

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Contents are under pressure. The use of explosion-proof

equipment is recommended and may be required (see appropriate fire codes). Do
not enter confined spaces such as tanks or pits without following proper entry
procedures such as ASTM D-4276. Protect against physical damage.
Storage: Outside shaded area or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage
should be in a cool, dry, well ventilated, noncombustible location, away from
all possible sources of ignition.
Work/Hygienic Practices: Avoid contact with skin and avoid breathing vapors. Do
not eat, drink, or smoke in work area. Wash hands before eating, drinking, or using
restroom. Do NOT place food, coffee or other drinks in the area where dusting or
splashing of solutions is possible.
Ventilation: Local exhaust is essential. Spark-proof fans desirable with mechanical
ventilation. Ducts should be located at ceiling level and lead upwards to the outside.
Eyewash fountain and safety shower should be available in work area.

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Section 8 - Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: Anhydrous Ammonia: CAS Number 7664-41-7, Exposure Limits
(TWAs) in Air: ACGIH TLV: 25 ppm, 18 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: 50 ppm, 35 mg/m3;
CAL- OSHA: 25 ppm, 18 mg/m3 Oregon-OSHA: 25 ppm, 18 mg/m3; STEL: 35 ppm,
27 mg/m3
Engineering Controls: See Section 7: Ventilation
Personal Protection
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE): Unless ventilation is adequate to
keep concentration below permissible exposure limit (PEL), wear NIOSH
approved ammonia chemical cartridge or canister full facepiece chin-style
respirators with an air-purification factor (APF=50). In emergency or planned
entry into unknown concentrations, use self-contained breathing apparatus
(SCBA) or any supplied-air full facepiece chin-style respirators.
Protective Clothing: Rubber or synthetic chemical gloves and boots should be
worn as well as cotton clothing and underwear. Rubber or synthetic chemical coats
or aprons should be available, an encapsulating chemical protective clothing
garment is desirable for heavy exposures. The use of long sleeved clothing closed at
the neck is advised. Change if clothing becomes contaminated.
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles should be worn when handling
Anhydrous Ammonia to protect from liquids or mists. A face shield can be worn
over chemical splash goggles as additional protection. Do not wear contact lenses
when handling Anhydrous Ammonia. A full-face air-purifying respirator
(APR) or supplied-air respirator (SAR) should be worn to protect from chemical
vapors.

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Compressed Liquid Gas, Odor: Sharp, penetrating
clear, colorless
Odor Threshold: 5 ppm pH: 11.6 for 1% NH3 solution
Freezing Point: -107.9F; -78C Initial Boiling Point/Range: -28F; -33.43C
Flash Point: N/A Evaporation Rate: N/A
Flammability: 16 – 25% in air Upper/Lower Explosive Limit: 25% by
Volume/16% by Volume
Vapor Pressure (mmHg): 110 PSIG Vapor Density (Air=1): 0.0549 lb/ft3 at -
at 68F ( 20C) 28F at 1 atm
Relative Density: 42.57 lbs./cu.ft @ Solubility in Water: 33.10%
-28F and 1 atm
Partition Coefficient: N/A Autoignition Temperature: 650° C;
1204°F
Decomposition Temperature: N/A Viscosity: N/A
% Volatiles: 100% Specific Gravity (Water=1): 0.6189 of liquid
at -28F and 1 atm
Molecular Weight: 17.032
Critical Temperature: 271.4F (133.0C)

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Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Reactivity: Reacts violently and explosively with oxidizing gases such as

chlorine, bromine, and other halogens. Reacts explosively with
hypochlorites such as bleach. Reacts vigorously with acids. Highly
reactive with reducing agents. Hazardous polymerization will not occur.
Chemical Stability: Stable
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions or Polymerization: Avoid contact with
oxidizing gases, chlorine, bromine, mineral hypochlorite, iodine, halogens, calcium,
and strong acids. Avoid contact with copper, silver, zinc, and alloys of same.
Mercury, silver oxide can form explosive compounds.
Conditions to Avoid: Avoid all possible sources of ignition. Heat will increase
pressure in the storage tank.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Combustion will generate oxides
of nitrogen. Intense heating of the gas, particularly in contact with hot
metallic surfaces, may cause decomposition of ammonia to hydrogen and
nitrogen.

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation is expected to be the primary route of
occupational exposure to chlorine. Chlorine liquid is corrosive to the eyes, mucous
membranes and skin.
Symptoms related to physical, chemical, and toxicological characteristics:
Can cause burning of the eyes, conjunctivitis, skin irritation, swelling of the
eyelids and lips, dry red mouth and tongue, burning in the throat, and coughing,
and in more severe cases of exposure, difficulty in breathing, signs and symptoms
of lung congestion, and, ultimately, death from respiratory failure due to
pulmonary edema may occur. Acute and Chronic effects: Can cause irritation
and burns of the skin and mucous membranes, and headache, salivation, nausea,
and vomiting. Difficult or labored breathing and cough with bloody mucous
discharge. Can cause bronchitis, laryngitis, hemoptysis, and pulmonary edema or
pneumonitis. Death may result.
Can cause ulceration of the conjunctiva and cornea, and corneal and
lenticular opacities.
Damage to the eyes may be permanent.

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Numerical Measures of Toxicity

Oral 350 Rat ATSDR
96 Mo EPA 1989

Inhalation 19,770 F EPA 1989

14,140 M EPA 1989
17,401 Ra ATSDR

Carcinogenicity Lists: NTP: No IARC Monograph: No OSHA Regulated: Yes

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Section 12 - Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Even at extremely low concentrations aquatic life will be harmed by

liquid ammonia.
Persistence and degradability: N/A
Bioaccumulative Potential: N/A
Mobility In Soil: When anhydrous ammonia is applied in the soil, ammonia reacts
with organic matter, and it dissolves in water. Anhydrous Ammonia it reacts with
water to form ammonium. The initial reactions with water, organic matter and clays
limit the mobility of ammonia.

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations

Method of Disposal: Because of the toxicity of ammonia to aquatic organisms,

NEVER dispose of or allow any ammonia or ammonia contaminated water to flow
into any surface water bodies. Surface water bodies include drainage ditches,
storm water and sanitary sewers, wetlands, ponds, lakes and streams. Diking will
contain the liquid and allow it to stabilize. Keep unprotected personnel away from
area until it is free of ammonia. Do not apply water directly to ammonia liquid as
this will cause boiling and splattering. Soil contaminated with ammonia or aqua
ammonia may need to be excavated and properly disposed of according to local
and state regulations.
Consult Federal, State, or Local Authorities for additional proper disposal procedures.

Section 14 - Transport Information

UN#: UN1005
UN/DOT Proper Shipping Name: Anhydrous Ammonia
Transport Hazard Class: 2.2 (Domestic), 2.3, (8)
International Packing Group: N/A
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Transport in Bulk: N/A
Special Precautions: N/A

Section 15 - Regulatory Information

CERCLA Reportable Quantity: 100 Pounds (45.4 Kilograms) (19.43
Gals) EPCRA Section 302 - Ammonia 7664-41-7 – TPQ - 500 Pounds
EPCRA Section 304 RQ – 100 Pounds
EPCRA Section 312 - Ammonia 7664-41-
7
EPCRA Section 313 - Ammonia 7664-41-
7 CAA 112 (r) TQ – 10,000 Pounds
Ammonia - TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory

IDLH Value*: 300 ppm * The Immediately Dangerous to

Life and Health Value
Maximum use level for Anhydrous Ammonia under NSF/ANSI Standard 60
Maximum Use 5 mg/L

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Study Guide Page 20 of 76

Section 16 - Other Information

Chemical Family/Type: Hydride, (Alkaline Gas), Inorganic Base

Section changed since last revision: MSDS to First Issue SDS Conversion
IMPORTANT! Read this SDS before use or disposal of this product. Pass along the information to
employees and any other persons who could be exposed to the product to be sure that they are
aware of the information before use or other exposure. This SDS has been prepared according to the
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard [29 CFR 1910.1200]. The SDS information is based on
sources believed to be reliable. However, since data, safety standards, and government regulations
are subject to change and the conditions of handling and use, or misuse are beyond our control, Hill
Brothers Chemical Company makes no warranty, either expressed or implied, with respect to the
completeness or continuing accuracy of the information contained herein and disclaims all liability for
reliance thereon. Also, additional information may be necessary or helpful for specific conditions and
circumstances of use. It is the user's responsibility to determine the suitability of this product and to
evaluate risks prior to use, and then to exercise appropriate precautions for protection of employees
and others.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 20 of 75
CRES SCREEN 1
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 213°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED
CRES SCREEN 2
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 213°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWR FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 161 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 184 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 234°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWR FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 181 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 21 of 75
CRES SCREEN 3
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 213°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIGCOMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 171 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 213 PSIG
COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F
CONDENSER WATER SUMP 95°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 251°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 105°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 210 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 22 of 75
CRES SCREEN 4
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 213°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIGCOMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 60°F
CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 269°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

CRES SCREEN 5
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIGCOMPRESSOR MOTOR AMPS 145 AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
COMPRESSOR MOTOR VOLTAGE 480 VAC
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID COMPRESSOR LOADING 100%
SUCTION TEMP 60°F
CONDENSER WATER SUMP 72°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 269°F CONDENSER LIQUID TEMP 85°F
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE COMPRESSOR WATER COOLED
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 23 of 75
CRES SCREEN 6
500 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 464 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 166°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 136°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 156°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 86°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 24 of 75
CRES SCREEN 7
500 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 464 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 166°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 136°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 156°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 86°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

500 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 503 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 167 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 171°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 145°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 165 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 165°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 25 of 75
CRES SCREEN 8
500 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 464 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 22°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 166°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 136°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 156°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 86°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

500 HP SCREW COMPRESSOR – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

SUCTION PRESSURE 33 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 503 AMPS
AMPS
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 187 PSIG SCREW COMPRESSOR MOTOR 480 VAC
VOLTAGE
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID SCREW COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
VALVE POSITION
SUCTION TEMP 20°F CONDENSER WATER SUMP 75°F
TEMP
DISCHARGE TEMP 174°F CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 96°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 145°F CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 184 PSIG
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 165°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 96°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
CONDENSER TYPE IS EVAPORATIVE THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING
CONDENSER OUTLET NOT SUBCOOLED

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 26 of 75

CRES SCREEN 9
TWO -STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 24°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 156°F
CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 151 PSIG
OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 145°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR MOTOR 49 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

TWO -STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 197 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 24°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 164°F
CONDENSED LIQUID TEMP 85°F
CONDENSER OUTLET PRESSURE 194 PSIG
OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F OIL TEMPERATURE 132°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 152°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR MOTOR 59 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 27 of 75
CRES SCREEN 10
TWO -STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 24°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 156°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 145°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 49 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS MOTOR AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION SLIDE VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

TWO -STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 74°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 165°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 145°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 52 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS MOTOR AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION SLIDE VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 28 of 75
CRES SCREEN 11
TWO -STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 24°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 156°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 86°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 145°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 49 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS MOTOR AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION SLIDE VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

TWO- STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 37 PSIG SUCTION PRESSURE 35 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 37 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 114 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 0 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP 68°F SUCTION TEMP 32°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 68°F DISCHARGE TEMP 150°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 86°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 85°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F
TEMP TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET REFRIGERANT OUTLET
TEMP TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 0 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 49 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS MOTOR AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 0% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION SLIDE VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 29 of 75
CRES SCREEN 12
TWO- STAGE PACKAGE – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
DISCHARGE PRESSURE 31 PSIG DISCHARGE PRESSURE 154 PSIG
OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID OIL PRESSURE 45 PSID
SUCTION TEMP -38°F SUCTION TEMP 74°F
DISCHARGE TEMP 135°F DISCHARGE TEMP 165°F
OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F OIL TEMPERATURE 125°F
OIL COOLER – OIL INLET 135°F OIL COOLER – OIL INLET TEMP 145°F
TEMP
OIL COOLER – 85°F OIL COOLER – REFRIGERANT 85°F
REFRIGERANT OUTLET OUTLET TEMP
TEMP
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 48 AMPS HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR 52
MOTOR AMPS MOTOR AMPS AMPS
BOOSTER COMPRESSOR 100% HIGH STAGE COMPRESSOR SLIDE 100%
SLIDE VALVE POSITION VALVE POSITION
MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82 MOTOR POWER FACTOR 0.82
NOTES: THERMO SIPHON OIL COOLING MOTOR EFFICIENCY IS 92%
MOTOR TYPE IS 3 PHASE MOTOR VOLTAGE(S) IS 480 VAC

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 30 of 75

CRES SCREEN 13
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 33 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 31°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 20°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
TEMPERATURE
LIQUID LEVEL 29% MODE: REFRIGERATING
FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN 7.2 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 30 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 33°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 38°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 23°F LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
TEMP LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
COMPRESSOR 212°F LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
DISCHARGE TEMP
DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A FLOODED EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK PRESSURE
REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A HAND EXPANSION
VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES MULTIPLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 31 of 75
CRES SCREEN 14
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 33 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 31°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 20°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
TEMPERATURE
LIQUID LEVEL 29% MODE: REFRIGERATING
FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN 7.2 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 30 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 33°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 38°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
COMPRESSOR INLET 23°F
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
TEMP LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
COMPRESSOR 212°F
DISCHARGE TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 33 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 41°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 40°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 41°F
TEMPERATURE
LIQUID LEVEL 0% MODE: REFRIGERATING
FEED STATUS CALLING
EVAPORATOR FAN 7.2 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 25 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 33°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 38°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
COMPRESSOR INLET 38°F LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
TEMP LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
COMPRESSOR 260°F
DISCHARGE TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A FLOODED EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK PRESSURE
REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A HAND EXPANSION
VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES MULTIPLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 32 of 75

CRES SCREEN 15
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 33 PSIG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP 212°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 20°F AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 31°F
TEMPERATURE
LIQUID LEVEL 29% ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN MOTOR 7.2 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 30 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 33°F LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 38°F DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP 23°F LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25% FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 90 PSIG COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP 224°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 60°F AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 34°F
TEMPERATURE
LIQUID LEVEL 95% ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
FEED STATUS HIGH
EVAPORATOR FAN MOTOR 0.0 AMPS MODE: DEFROST – HG “ON”
AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 30 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 33°F LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 38°F DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP 65°F LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25% FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A FLOODED EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK PRESSURE REGULATOR
FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED.
- EVAPORATOR IS ONE OF SEVERAL IN THE SYSTEM.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A HAND EXPANSION VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES MULTIPLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 33 of 75

CRES SCREEN 16
LOW TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 8” HG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE -28°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER -39°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE -25°F
TEMPERATURE
RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LEVEL 29% MODE: REFRIGERATING
FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN MOTOR 13.6 AMPS
AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET PRESSURE 12” HG PARAMETERS:
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM TEMP: -25°F
PRESSURE ROOM HIGH TEMP: -20°F
COMPRESSOR INLET TEMP -40°F ROOM LOW TEMP: -30°F
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMP 153°F LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%

DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN

DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- ROOM IS A SMALL BOX WITH A SINGLE UNIT.
- UNIT IS A PUMPED LIQUID EVAPORATOR USING AXIAL PROPELLER FANS AND A GAS
POWERED SUCTION OUTLET CONTROL VALVE.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A HAND EXPANSION
VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES MULTIPLE SCREW COMPRESSORS ARRANGED AS A TWO STAGE
SYSTEM

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 34 of 75

CRES SCREEN 17
LOW TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 8” HG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE -28°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER -39°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE -25°F
TEMPERATURE
RECIRCULATOR LIQUID 29% MODE: REFRIGERATING
LEVEL FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN 13.6 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 12” HG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: -25°F
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: -20°F
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: -30°F
LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
COMPRESSOR INLET -40°F
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
TEMP 40%
LIQUID HIGH LEVEL:
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 153°F DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
TEMP DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
LOW TEMPERATURE ROOM – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 10” HG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE -18°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER -42°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE -18°F
TEMPERATURE
RECIRCULATOR LIQUID 26% MODE: REFRIGERATING
LEVEL FEED STATUS SATISFIED
EVAPORATOR FAN 14.9 AMPS
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 12” HG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: -25°F
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: -20°F
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: -30°F
LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 25%
COMPRESSOR INLET -46°F
LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 31%
TEMP LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 151°F DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
TEMP DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- ROOM IS A SMALL BOX WITH A SINGLE UNIT.
- UNIT IS A PUMPED LIQUID EVAPORATOR USING AXIAL PROPELLER FANS AND A GAS
POWERED SUCTION OUTLET CONTROL VALVE.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A HAND EXPANSION
VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES MULTIPLE SCREW COMPRESSORS ARRANGED AS A TWO STAGE
SYSTEM

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 35 of 75
CRES SCREEN 18
LOW SIDE VESSELS PANEL – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE FLASH INTERCOOLER READINGS
RECIRCULATOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG HIGH STAGE SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
SUCTION TEMPERATURE -38°F INTERCOOLER SUCTION 156°F
INLET TEMPERATURE
VESSEL LIQUID LEVEL 31% INTERCOOLER SUCTION 24°F
FEED STATUS SATISFIED OUTLET TEMPERATURE
TOTAL PUMP AMPERAGE 15.7 INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL 25%
AMPS LIQUID FEED STATUS SATISFIED
PUMP DISCHARGE 20 PSIG PARAMETERS:
HEADER PRESSURE LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID CALL: 25%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID SATISFIED: 30%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 15%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 23%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 27%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 34%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 18%
INTERCOOLER SUCTION OUTLET HIGH TEMP: 40°F

PUMP MOTOR AMPS: LOW 8.2 HIGH: 17.2

MINIMUM PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL: 22 PSID

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 36 of 75
CRES SCREEN 19
LOW SIDE VESSELS PANEL – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE FLASH INTERCOOLER READINGS
RECIRCULATOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG HIGH STAGE SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
SUCTION TEMPERATURE -38°F INTERCOOLER SUCTION 156°F
INLET TEMPERATURE
VESSEL LIQUID LEVEL 31% INTERCOOLER SUCTION 24°F
FEED STATUS SATISFIED OUTLET TEMPERATURE
TOTAL PUMP AMPERAGE 15.7 INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL 25%
AMPS LIQUID FEED STATUS SATISFIED
PUMP HEADER 20 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID CALL: 25%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID SATISFIED: 30%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 15%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 23%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 27%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 34%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 18%
INTERCOOLER SUCTION OUTLET HIGH TEMP: 40°F

PUMP MOTOR AMPS: LOW 8.2 HIGH: 17.2

MINIMUM PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL: 22 PSID
LOW SIDE VESSELS PANEL – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE FLASH INTERCOOLER READINGS
RECIRCULATOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 11” HG HIGH STAGE SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
SUCTION TEMPERATURE -42°F INTERCOOLER SUCTION 156°F
INLET TEMPERATURE
VESSEL LIQUID LEVEL 4% INTERCOOLER SUCTION 45°F
FEED STATUS FILLING OUTLET TEMPERATURE
TOTAL PUMP AMPERAGE 0 AMPS INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL 5%
LIQUID FEED STATUS FILLING
PUMP HEADER 9” HG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID CALL: 25%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID SATISFIED: 30%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 15%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 23%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 27%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 34%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 18%
INTERCOOLER SUCTION OUTLET HIGH TEMP: 40°F

PUMP MOTOR AMPS: LOW 8.2 HIGH: 17.2

MINIMUM PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL: 22 PSID

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 37 of 75
CRES SCREEN 20
LOW SIDE VESSELS PANEL – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE FLASH INTERCOOLER READINGS
RECIRCULATOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 9” HG HIGH STAGE SUCTION PRESSURE 31 PSIG
SUCTION TEMPERATURE -38°F INTERCOOLER SUCTION 156°F
INLET TEMPERATURE
VESSEL LIQUID LEVEL 31% INTERCOOLER SUCTION 24°F
FEED STATUS SATISFIED OUTLET TEMPERATURE
TOTAL PUMP AMPERAGE 15.7 INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL 25%
AMPS LIQUID FEED STATUS SATISFIED
PUMP HEADER 20 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID CALL: 25%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID SATISFIED: 30%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 15%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 23%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 27%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 34%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 18%
INTERCOOLER SUCTION OUTLET HIGH TEMP: 40°F

PUMP MOTOR AMPS: LOW 8.2 HIGH: 17.2

MINIMUM PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL: 22 PSID
LOW SIDE VESSELS PANEL – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW STAGE FLASH INTERCOOLER READINGS
RECIRCULATOR READINGS
SUCTION PRESSURE 1” HG HIGH STAGE SUCTION PRESSURE 38 PSIG
SUCTION TEMPERATURE -38°F INTERCOOLER SUCTION 75°F
INLET TEMPERATURE
VESSEL LIQUID LEVEL 28% INTERCOOLER SUCTION 30°F
FEED STATUS SATISFIED OUTLET TEMPERATURE
TOTAL PUMP AMPERAGE 0.0 AMPS INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL 45%
LIQUID FEED STATUS HIGH
PUMP HEADER 0.0 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID CALL: 25%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID SATISFIED: 30%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 40%
LOW STAGE RECIRCULATOR LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 15%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL CALL: 23%

INTERCOOLER LIQUID LEVEL SATISFIED: 27%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID HIGH LEVEL: 34%
INTERCOOLER LIQUID LOW LEVEL: 18%
INTERCOOLER SUCTION OUTLET HIGH TEMP: 40°F

PUMP MOTOR AMPS: LOW 8.2 HIGH: 17.2

MINIMUM PUMP DISCHARGE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL: 22 PSID

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 38 of 75
CRES SCREEN 21
DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 33°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 35°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 28 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG R OOM HIGH TEMP : 40°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 34°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR 235°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
DISCHARGE TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A DIRECT EXPANSION EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK
PRESSURE REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM A COMMON
CONDENSER.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A THERMOSTATIC
EXPANSION VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES A SINGLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR FOR THIS LOAD.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 39 of 75
CRES SCREEN 22
DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 33°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 35°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 28 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 40°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 34°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR 235°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
DISCHARGE TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN

DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 42°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 42°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 42°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 22 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG R OOM HIGH T EMP: 40°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 44°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR 280°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
DISCHARGE TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A DIRECT EXPANSION EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK
PRESSURE REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM A COMMON
CONDENSER.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A THERMOSTATIC
EXPANSION VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES A SINGLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR FOR THIS LOAD.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 40 of 75

CRES SCREEN 23
DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 NORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 33°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 35°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 28 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG ROOM HIGH TEMP: 40°F
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 34°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 235°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN

DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 30°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 17°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 29 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 154 PSIG R OOM HIGH TEMP : 40°F
PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 17°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE 140°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A DIRECT EXPANSION EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK
PRESSURE REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM A COMMON CONDENSER.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A THERMOSTATIC
EXPANSION VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES A SINGLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR FOR THIS LOAD.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 41 of 75

CRES SCREEN 24
DIRECT EXPANSION DOCK UNITS – NH3 ABNORMAL CONDITIONS
COIL SUCTION HEADER 30 PSIG AIR LEAVING TEMPERATURE 30°F
PRESSURE
COIL SUCTION HEADER 17°F ROOM AIR TEMPERATURE 33°F
TEMPERATURE
EVAPORATOR FAN 8.4 AMPS MODE: REFRIGERATING
MOTOR AMPS
COMPRESSOR INLET 29 PSIG PARAMETERS:
PRESSURE ROOM TEMP: 34°F
COMPRESSOR 154 PSIG R OOM HIGH TEMP : 40°F
DISCHARGE PRESSURE ROOM LOW TEMP: 32°F
COMPRESSOR INLET 17°F
TEMP DEFROST PUMP DOWN: 20 MIN
COMPRESSOR 140°F DEFROST HOT GAS REG: 90 PSIG
DISCHARGE TEMP FAN DELAY: 2 MIN
NOTES:
- UNIT IS A DIRECT EXPANSION EVAPORATOR WITH A SOLENOID ACTIVATED BACK
PRESSURE REGULATOR FOR EVAPORATOR PRESSURE CONTROL.
- HOT GAS DEFROST METHOD USED WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM A COMMON
CONDENSER.
- LIQUID FEED IS AN ELECTRIC SOLENOID VALVE IN SERIES WITH A THERMOSTATIC
EXPANSION VALVE.
- ENGINE ROOM USES A SINGLE RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR FOR THIS LOAD.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 42 of 75

SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AMMONIA REFRIGERATION PROPERTIES BOOK

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

-65 20.4“ hg 4.69 0.0227 52.5619 44.15 0.0190

-64 20.0“ hg 4.84 0.0227 50.8815 44.11 0.0197
-63 19.7“ hg 5.02 0.0227 49.3229 44.07 0.0203
-62 19.4“ hg 5.18 0.0227 47.7644 44.03 0.0209
-61 19.0“ hg 5.37 0.0227 46.3175 43.99 0.0216

-60 18.6“ hg 5.53 0.0228 44.8709 43.95 0.0223

-59 18.2“ hg 5.72 0.0228 43.5023 43.90 0.0230
-58 17.8“ hg 5.91 0.0228 42.1830 43.86 0.0237
-57 17.4“ hg 6.11 0.0228 40.9108 43.82 0.0244
-56 17.0“ hg 6.31 0.0228 39.6840 43.78 0.0252

-55 16.6“ hg 6.52 0.0229 38.5006 43.74 0.0260

-54 16.2“ hg 6.73 0.0229 37.3589 43.69 0.0268
-53 15.7“ hg 6.95 0.0229 36.2572 43.65 0.0276
-52 15.3“ hg 7.18 0.0229 35.1939 43.61 0.0284
-51 14.8“ hg 7.41 0.0230 34.1675 43.57 0.0293

-50 14.3“ hg 7.64 0.0230 33.1765 43.53 0.0301

-49 13.8“ hg 7.89 0.0230 32.2196 43.48 0.0310
-48 13.3“ hg 8.14 0.0230 31.2953 43.44 0.0320
-47 12.8“ hg 8.39 0.0230 30.4025 43.40 0.0329
-46 12.2“ hg 8.66 0.0230 29.5398 43.46 0.0339

-45 11.7“ hg 8.92 0.0231 28.7062 43.32 0.0348

-44 11.1“ hg 9.20 0.0231 27.9004 43.27 0.0358
-43 10.6“ hg 9.48 0.0231 27.1216 43.23 0.0369
-42 10.0“ hg 9.77 0.0232 26.3685 43.19 0.0379
-41 9.3“ hg 10.07 0.0232 25.6402 43.15 0.0390
-40 8.7“ hg 10.38 0.0232 24.9359 43.10 0.0401
-39 8.1“ hg 10.69 0.0232 24.2545 43.06 0.0412

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 43 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

-38 7.4“ hg 11.01 0.0232 23.5953 43.02 0.0424

-37 6.8“ hg 11.34 0.0233 22.9574 42.97 0.0436
-36 6.1“ hg 11.67 0.0233 22.3400 42.93 0.0448

-35 5.4“ hg 12.01 0.0233 21.7423 42.89 0.0460

-34 4.7“ hg 12.37 0.0233 21.1637 42.85 0.0473
-33 3.9“ hg 12.73 0.0234 20.6035 42.80 0.0485
-32 3.2“ hg 13.10 0.0234 20.0609 42.76 0.0498
-31 2.4“ hg 13.47 0.0234 19.5353 42.72 0.0512

-30 1.6“ hg 13.86 0.0234 19.0262 42.67 0.0526

-29 .8“ hg 14.25 0.0235 18.5328 42.63 0.0540
-28 0 psig 14.66 0.0235 18.0548 42.59 0.0554
-27 0.37 15.07 0.0235 17.5914 42.55 0.0568
-26 0.79 15.49 0.0235 17.1422 42.50 0.0583

-25 1.23 15.93 0.0236 16.7068 42.46 0.0599

-24 1.67 16.37 0.0236 16.2845 42.42 0.0614
-23 2.12 16.82 0.0236 15.8750 42.37 0.0630
-22 2.58 17.28 0.0236 15.4778 42.33 0.0646
-21 3.05 17.75 0.0236 15.0925 42.29 0.0663

-20 3.54 18.24 0.0237 14.7187 42.24 0.0679

-19 4.03 18.73 0.0237 14.3559 42.20 0.0697
-18 4.53 19.23 0.0237 14.0038 42.16 0.0714
-17 5.05 19.75 0.0237 13.6621 42.11 0.0732
-16 5.57 20.27 0.0238 13.3303 42.07 0.0750

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 44 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

-15 6.11 20.81 0.0238 13.0082 42.02 0.0769

-14 6.66 21.36 0.0238 12.6954 41.98 0.0788
-13 7.22 21.92 0.0238 12.3917 41.94 0.0807
-12 7.79 22.49 0.0239 12.0966 41.89 0.0827
-11 8.37 23.07 0.0239 11.8100 41.85 0.0847

-10 8.96 23.66 0.0239 11.5315 41.81 0.0867

-9 9.57 24.27 0.0239 11.2608 41.76 0.0888
-8 10.19 24.89 0.0240 10.9978 41.72 0.0909
-7 10.82 25.52 0.0240 10.7422 41.67 0.0931
-6 11.47 26.17 0.0240 10.4937 41.63 0.0953

-5 12.13 26.83 0.0240 10.2521 41.59 0.0975

-4 12.80 27.50 0.0241 10.0172 41.54 0.0998
-3 13.48 28.18 0.0241 9.7887 41.50 0.1022
-2 14.18 28.88 0.0241 9.5665 41.45 0.1045
-1 14.89 29.59 0.0241 9.3503 41.41 0.1069

0 15.62 30.32 0.0242 9.1401 41.36 0.1094

1 16.36 31.06 0.0242 8.9355 41.32 0.1119

2 17.11 31.81 0.0242 8.7364 41.27 0.1145
3 17.88 32.58 0.0243 8.5426 41.23 0.1171
4 18.66 33.36 0.0243 8.3540 41.19 0.1197
5 19.46 34.16 0.0243 8.1704 41.14 0.1224

6 20.28 34.98 0.0243 7.9917 41.10 0.1251

7 21.10 35.80 0.0244 7.8177 41.05 0.1279
8 21.95 36.65 0.0244 7.6482 41.01 0.1307
9 22.81 37.51 0.0244 7.4831 40.96 0.1336
10 23.68 38.38 0.0244 7.3224 40.92 0.1366

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 45 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

11 24.58 39.28 0.0245 7.1657 40.87 0.1396

12 25.48 40.18 0.0245 7.0132 40.82 0.1426
13 26.41 41.11 0.0245 6.8645 40.78 0.1457
14 27.35 42.05 0.0246 6.7196 40.73 0.1488
15 28.31 43.01 0.0246 6.5784 40.69 0.1520

16 29.28 43.98 0.0246 6.4408 40.64 0.1553

17 30.28 44.98 0.0246 6.3066 40.60 0.1586
18 31.29 45.99 0.0247 6.1758 40.55 0.1619
19 32.32 47.02 0.0247 6.0483 40.51 0.1653
20 33.36 48.06 0.0247 5.9240 40.46 0.1688

21 34.43 49.13 0.0247 5.8027 40.41 0.1723

22 35.51 50.21 0.0248 5.6844 40.37 0.1759
23 36.61 51.31 0.0248 5.5690 40.32 0.1796
24 37.73 52.43 0.0248 5.4564 40.27 0.1833
25 38.87 53.57 0.0249 5.3466 40.23 0.1870

26 40.03 54.73 0.0249 5.2395 40.18 0.1909

27 41.21 55.91 0.0249 5.1349 40.14 0.1947
28 42.41 57.11 0.0249 5.0328 40.09 0.1987
29 43.62 58.32 0.0250 4.9332 40.04 0.2027
30 44.86 59.56 0.0250 4.8360 40.00 0.2068

31 46.12 60.82 0.0250 4.7410 39.95 0.2109

32 47.40 62.10 0.0251 4.6483 39.90 0.2151
33 48.70 63.40 0.0251 4.5678 39.85 0.2189
34 50.02 64.72 0.0251 4.4695 39.81 0.2237
35 51.37 66.07 0.0252 4.3831 39.76 0.2281

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 46 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

36 52.73 67.43 0.0252 4.2988 39.71 0.2326

37 54.12 68.82 0.0252 4.2165 39.67 0.2372
38 55.53 70.23 0.0252 4.1360 39.62 0.2418
39 56.96 71.66 0.0253 4.0574 39.57 0.2465
40 58.41 73.11 0.0253 3.9806 39.52 0.2512

41 59.89 74.59 0.0253 3.9055 39.47 0.2560

42 61.39 76.09 0.0254 3.8321 39.43 0.2610
43 62.91 77.61 0.0254 3.7604 39.38 0.2659
44 64.46 79.16 0.0254 3.6903 39.33 0.2710
45 67.03 81.73 0.0255 3.6218 39.28 0.2761

46 67.63 82.33 0.0255 3.5548 39.23 0.2813

47 69.25 83.95 0.0255 3.4893 39.18 0.2866
48 70.89 85.59 0.0255 3.4253 39.14 0.2919
49 72.56 87.26 0.0256 3.3626 39.09 0.2974
50 74.25 88.95 0.0256 3.3014 39.04 0.3029

51 75.97 90.67 0.0256 3.2415 38.99 0.3085

52 77.71 92.41 0.0257 3.1828 38.94 0.3142
53 79.48 94.18 0.0257 3.1255 38.89 0.3199
54 81.28 95.98 0.0257 3.0694 38.84 0.3258
55 83.10 97.80 0.0258 3.0145 38.79 0.3317

56 84.95 99.65 0.0258 2.9608 38.74 0.3377

57 86.83 101.53 0.0258 2.9082 38.69 0.3439
58 88.73 103.43 0.0259 2.8568 38.64 0.3500
59 90.66 105.36 0.0259 2.8064 38.59 0.3563
60 92.62 107.32 0.0259 2.7571 38.54 0.3627

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 47 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

61 94.60 109.30 0.0260 2.7089 38.49 0.3692

62 96.62 111.32 0.0260 2.6616 38.44 0.3757
63 98.66 113.36 0.0260 2.6154 38.39 0.3824
64 100.73 115.43 0.0261 2.5701 38.34 0.3891
65 102.83 117.53 0.0261 2.5257 38.29 0.3959

66 104.96 119.66 0.0262 2.4823 38.24 0.4029

67 107.12 121.82 0.0262 2.4397 38.19 0.4099
68 109.31 124.01 0.0262 2.3981 38.14 0.4170
69 111.53 126.23 0.0263 2.3572 38.09 0.4242
70 113.78 128.48 0.0263 2.3173 38.04 0.4315

71 116.06 130.76 0.0263 2.2781 37.99 0.4390

72 118.37 133.07 0.0264 2.2397 37.93 0.4465
73 120.71 135.41 0.0264 2.2021 37.88 0.4541
74 123.08 137.78 0.0264 2.1652 37.83 0.4619
75 125.48 140.18 0.0265 2.1291 37.78 0.4697

76 127.92 142.62 0.0265 2.0936 37.73 0.4776

77 130.39 145.09 0.0265 2.0589 37.67 0.4857
78 132.89 147.59 0.0266 2.0249 37.62 0.4939
79 135.42 150.12 0.0266 1.9915 37.57 0.5021
80 137.99 152.69 0.0267 1.9588 37.52 0.5105

81 140.59 155.29 0.0267 1.9268 37.46 0.5190

82 143.22 157.92 0.0267 1.8953 37.41 0.5276
83 145.89 160.59 0.0268 1.8645 37.36 0.5363
84 148.59 163.29 0.0268 1.8342 37.31 0.5452
85 151.33 166.03 0.0268 1.8046 37.25 0.5541

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 48 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

86 154.10 168.80 0.0269 1.7755 37.20 0.5632

87 156.90 171.60 0.0269 1.7470 37.14 0.5724
88 159.75 174.45 0.0270 1.7190 37.09 0.5817
89 162.62 177.32 0.0270 1.6915 37.04 0.5912
90 165.54 180.24 0.0270 1.6646 36.98 0.6007

91 168.48 183.18 0.0271 1.6381 36.93 0.6105

92 171.47 186.17 0.0271 1.6122 36.87 0.6203
93 174.49 189.19 0.0272 1.5867 36.82 0.6302
94 177.55 192.25 0.0272 1.5617 36.77 0.6403
95 180.65 195.35 0.0272 1.5372 36.71 0.6505

96 183.78 198.48 0.0273 1.5131 36.66 0.6609

97 186.95 201.65 0.0273 1.4895 36.60 0.6714
98 190.16 204.86 0.0274 1.4663 36.55 0.6820
99 193.41 208.11 0.0274 1.4436 36.49 0.6927
100 196.70 211.40 0.0274 1.4212 36.43 0.7036

101 200.02 214.72 0.0275 1.3993 36.38 0.7146

102 203.39 218.09 0.0275 1.3777 36.32 0.7258
103 206.80 221.50 0.0276 1.3565 36.27 0.7372
104 210.24 224.94 0.0276 1.3358 36.21 0.7486
105 213.73 228.43 0.0277 1.3153 36.15 0.7603

106 217.25 231.95 0.0277 1.2953 36.10 0.7720

107 220.82 235.52 0.0277 1.2756 36.04 0.7839
108 224.43 239.13 0.0278 1.2563 35.98 0.7960
109 228.08 242.78 0.0278 1.2373 35.93 0.8082
110 231.77 246.47 0.0279 1.2186 35.87 0.8206

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 49 of 75

Refrigerant R717 (Ammonia)

Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia ft3/lb. ft3/lb. lbs./ ft3 lbs./ ft3

111 235.50 250.20 0.0279 1.2003 35.81 0.8331

112 239.28 253.98 0.0280 1.1822 35.75 0.8459
113 243.10 257.80 0.0280 1.1645 35.70 0.8587
114 246.96 261.66 0.0281 1.1471 35.64 0.8718
115 250.87 265.57 0.0281 1.1300 35.58 0.8850

116 255.40 269.52 0.0282 1.1132 35.52 0.8983

117 259.40 273.51 0.0282 1.0967 35.46 0.9118
118 263.50 277.55 0.0282 1.0805 35.41 0.9255
119 267.60 281.63 0.0283 1.0645 35.35 0.9394
120 271.70 285.76 0.0283 1.0488 35.29 0.9535

121 275.90 289.93 0.0284 1.0334 35.23 0.9677

122 280.10 294.15 0.0284 1.0183 35.17 0.9820
123 284.40 298.41 0.0285 1.0033 35.11 0.9967
124 288.70 302.72 0.0285 0.9887 35.05 1.0114
125 293.10 307.08 0.0286 0.9743 34.99 1.0264

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 50 of 75

SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AMMONIA REFRIGERATION PROPERTIES BOOK TABLE 1

Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

-65 14.4“ hg 7.6 0.011053 6.29 90.47 0.15910

-64 13.9“ hg 7.9 0.011065 6.11 90.38 0.16355
-63 13.5“ hg 8.1 0.011077 5.95 90.28 0.16809
-62 13.0“ hg 8.3 0.011089 5.79 90.18 0.17274
-61 12.5“ hg 8.6 0.011101 5.63 90.08 0.17749

-60 12.0“ hg 8.8 0.011111 5.48 90.00 0.18233

-59 11.4“ hg 9.1 0.011125 5.34 89.89 0.18729
-58 10.9“ hg 9.4 0.011137 5.20 89.79 0.19235
-57 10.4“ hg 9.6 0.011149 5.06 89.69 0.19752
-56 9.8“ hg 9.9 0.011161 5.06 89.60 0.19752

-55 9.2“ hg 10.2 0.011174 4.80 89.49 0.20818

-54 8.6“ hg 10.5 0.011186 4.68 89.40 0.21368
-53 8.0“ hg 10.8 0.011198 4.56 89.30 0.21929
-52 7.4“ hg 11.1 0.011211 4.44 89.20 0.22502
-51 6.8“ hg 11.4 0.011223 4.33 89.10 0.23087

-50 6.2“ hg 11.7 0.011235 4.22 89.01 0.23683

-49 5.5“ hg 12.0 0.011248 4.12 88.90 0.24292
-48 4.8“ hg 12.3 0.011261 4.01 88.80 0.24913
-47 4.1“ hg 12.7 0.011273 3.91 88.71 0.25546
-46 3.4“ hg 13.0 0.011286 3.82 88.61 0.26192

-45 2.7“ hg 13.4 0.011298 3.72 88.51 0.26851

-46 2.0“ hg 13.7 0.011311 3.63 88.41 0.27523
-44 1.3“ hg 14.1 0.011324 3.55 88.31 0.28207
-43 0.5“ hg 14.5 0.011337 3.46 88.21 0.28905
-42 0.1 psig 14.8 0.011350 3.38 88.11 0.29617

-41 0.5 15.2 0.011363 3.30 88.00 0.30342

-39 0.9 15.6 0.111376 3.22 8.98 0.31082
-38 1.3 16.0 0.011389 3.14 87.80 0.31835
-37 1.7 16.4 0.011402 3.07 87.70 0.32602
-36 2.2 16.9 0.011415 3.00 87.60 0.33384

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 51 of 75

Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

-35 2.5 17.2 0.011428 2.93 87.50 0.34181

-34 3.0 17.7 0.011442 2.86 87.40 0.34992
-33 3.5 18.2 0.011455 2.79 87.30 0.35818
-32 3.7 18.4 0.011469 2.73 87.19 0.36660
-31 4.4 19.1 0.011482 2.67 87.09 0.37517

-30 4.9 19.6 0.011495 2.60 86.99 0.38389

-29 5.4 20.1 0.011509 2.55 86.89 0.39278
-28 5.9 20.6 0.011523 2.49 86.78 0.40182
-27 6.5 21.2 0.011536 2.43 86.69 0.41103
-26 6.9 21.6 0.011550 2.38 86.58 0.42040

-25 7.4 22.1 0.011564 2.33 86.48 0.42993

-24 7.9 22.6 0.011578 2.27 86.37 0.43964
-23 8.5 23.2 0.011592 2.22 86.27 0.44951
-22 9.0 23.7 0.011606 2.18 86.16 0.45956
-21 9.6 24.3 0.011620 2.13 86.06 0.46978

-20 10.1 24.8 0.011634 2.08 85.95 0.48018

-19 10.7 25.4 0.011548 2.04 86.59 0.49075
-18 11.3 26.0 0.011662 1.99 85.75 0.50151
-17 11.9 26.6 0.011677 1.95 85.64 0.51245
-16 12.5 27.2 0.011691 1.91 85.54 0.52358

-15 13.2 27.9 0.011705 1.87 85.43 0.53489

-14 13.8 28.5 0.011720 1.83 85.32 0.54640
-13 14.5 29.2 0.011734 1.79 85.22 0.55810
-12 15.1 29.8 0.011749 1.75 85.11 0.56999
-11 15.8 30.5 0.011764 1.72 85.01 0.58207

-10 16.5 31.2 0.011778 1.68 84.90 0.59436

-9 17.5 32.2 0.011793 1.65 84.80 0.60685
-8 17.9 32.6 0.011808 1.61 84.69 0.61954
-7 18.6 33.3 0.011823 1.58 84.58 0.63244
-6 19.3 34.0 0.011838 1.55 84.47 0.64555

-5 20.1 34.8 0.011853 1.52 84.37 0.65887

-4 20.8 35.5 0.011868 1.49 84.26 0.67240
-3 21.6 36.3 0.011884 1.46 84.15 0.68615
-2 22.4 37.1 0.011899 1.43 84.04 0.70012
-1 23.2 37.9 0.011914 1.40 83.93 0.71431

0 24.0 38.7 0.011930 1.37 83.82 0.72878

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 52 of 75

Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

1 24.8 39.5 0.011945 1.35 83.72 0.74336

2 25.6 40.3 0.011961 1.32 83.61 0.75822
3 26.5 41.2 0.011976 1.29 83.50 0.77332
4 27.3 42.0 0.011992 1.27 83.39 0.78865
5 28.2 42.9 0.012008 1.24 83.28 0.80422

6 29.1 43.8 0.012024 1.22 83.17 0.82003

7 30.0 44.7 0.012040 1.20 83.06 0.83608
8 30.9 45.6 0.012056 1.17 82.95 0.85237
9 31.8 46.5 0.012072 1.15 82.84 0.86892
10 32.8 47.5 0.012088 1.13 82.73 0.88571

11 33.7 48.4 0.012105 1.11 82.61 0.90275

12 34.7 49.4 0.012121 1.09 82.50 0.92005
13 35.7 50.4 0.012138 1.07 82.39 0.93761
14 36.7 51.4 0.012154 1.05 82.28 0.95544
15 37.7 52.4 0.012171 1.03 82.16 0.97352

16 38.7 53.4 0.012188 1.01 82.05 0.99188

17 39.8 54.5 0.012204 0.990 81.94 1.0105
18 40.9 55.6 0.012221 0.971 81.83 1.0294
19 41.9 56.6 0.112238 0.954 81.91 1.0486
20 43.0 57.7 0.012255 0.936 81.60 1.0680

21 44.1 58.8 0.012290 0.910 81.37 1.0989

22 45.3 60.0 0.012290 0.903 81.37 1.1078
23 46.4 61.1 0.012307 0.886 81.25 1.1281
24 47.6 62.3 0.012325 0.871 81.14 1.1487
25 48.8 63.5 0.012342 0.855 81.02 1.1696

26 49.9 64.6 0.012360 0.840 80.91 1.1908

27 51.2 65.9 0.011238 0.825 88.99 1.2123
28 52.4 67.1 0.012395 0.810 80.68 1.2341
29 53.6 68.3 0.012413 0.796 80.56 1.2562
30 54.9 69.6 0.012431 0.782 80.44 1.2786

31 56.2 70.9 0.012450 0.768 80.32 1.3014

32 57.5 72.2 0.012468 0.755 80.21 1.3244
33 58.8 73.5 0.012486 0.742 80.09 1.3478
34 60.1 74.8 0.012505 0.729 79.97 1.3715
35 61.5 76.2 0.012523 0.717 79.85 1.3956

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 53 of 75

Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

36 62.8 77.5 0.012542 0.704 79.73 1.4199

37 64.2 78.9 0.012561 0.692 79.61 1.4447
38 65.6 80.3 0.012579 0.668 79.50 1.4967
39 67.1 81.8 0.012598 0.669 79.38 1.4951
40 68.5 83.2 0.012618 0.665 79.25 1.5028

41 70.0 84.7 0.012637 0.647 79.13 1.5469

42 71.5 86.2 0.012656 0.636 79.01 1.5734
43 73.0 87.7 0.012676 0.625 78.89 1.6002
44 74.5 89.2 0.012695 0.615 78.77 1.6274
45 76.0 90.7 0.012715 0.604 78.65 1.6549

46 77.6 92.3 0.012735 0.594 78.52 1.6829

47 79.2 93.9 0.012755 0.584 78.40 1.7112
48 80.8 95.5 0.012775 0.575 78.28 1.7398
49 82.4 97.1 0.012795 0.565 78.16 1.7689
50 84.0 98.7 0.012815 0.556 78.03 1.7998

51 85.7 100.4 0.012836 0.547 77.91 1.8282

52 87.4 102.1 0.012856 0.538 77.78 1.8585
53 89.1 103.8 0.012877 0.529 77.66 1.8891
54 90.8 105.5 0.012898 0.521 77.53 1.9202
55 92.6 107.3 0.012919 0.512 77.41 1.9517

56 94.3 109.0 0.012940 0.504 77.28 1.9836

57 96.1 110.8 0.012961 0.496 77.15 2.0159
58 97.9 112.6 0.012982 0.488 77.03 2.0486
59 99.8 114.5 0.013004 0.480 76.90 2.0818

61 103.5 118.2 0.013047 0.465 76.65 2.1495

62 105.4 120.1 0.013069 0.458 76.52 2.1840
63 107.3 122.0 0.013091 0.451 76.39 2.2190
64 109.3 124.0 0.013114 0.444 76.25 2.2544
65 111.2 125.9 0.013136 0.437 76.13 2.2903

66 113.2 127.9 0.013159 0.430 75.99 2.3266

67 115.2 129.9 0.013181 0.423 75.87 2.3635
68 117.3 132.0 0.013204 0.417 75.73 2.4008
69 119.3 134.0 0.013227 0.410 75.60 2.4386
70 121.4 136.1 0.013251 0.404 75.47 2.4769

71 123.5 138.2 0.013274 0.398 75.34 2.5157

72 125.7 140.4 0.013297 0.391 75.20 2.5550
73 127.8 142.5 0.013321 0.385 75.07 2.5948
74 130.0 144.7 0.013345 0.380 74.93 2.6351
75 132.2 146.9 0.013369 0.374 74.80 2.6760

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 54 of 75

Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

76 134.5 149.2 0.013393 0.368 74.67 2.7174

77 136.7 151.4 0.013418 0.364 74.53 2.7493
78 139.0 153.7 0.013442 0.357 74.39 2.8018
79 141.3 156.0 0.013467 0.352 74.26 2.8449
80 143.6 158.3 0.013492 0.346 74.12 2.8885

81 146.0 160.7 0.013492 0.341 74.12 2.9326

82 148.4 163.1 0.013518 0.336 73.98 2.9774
83 151.8 166.5 0.013569 0.332 73.70 3.0117
84 153.2 167.9 0.013594 0.326 73.56 3.0686
85 155.7 170.4 0.013620 0.321 73.42 3.1151

86 155.7 170.4 0.013647 0.316 73.28 3.1622

87 158.2 172.9 0.013673 0.312 73.14 3.2100
88 161.7 176.4 0.013700 0.307 72.99 3.2583
89 163.2 177.9 0.013727 0.302 72.85 3.3073
90 168.4 183.1 0.013754 0.298 72.71 3.3570

91 171.0 185.7 0.013781 0.294 72.56 3.4073

92 173.7 188.4 0.013809 0.289 72.42 3.4582
93 176.4 191.1 0.013836 0.285 72.28 3.5098
94 179.1 193.8 0.013864 0.281 72.13 3.5621
95 181.8 196.5 0.013893 0.277 71.98 3.6151

96 184.6 199.3 0.013921 2.726 71.83 0.3669

97 187.4 202.1 0.013950 0.269 71.68 3.7232
98 190.2 204.9 0.013979 0.265 71.54 3.7783
99 193.0 207.7 0.014008 0.261 71.39 3.8341
100 195.9 210.6 0.014038 0.257 71.24 3.8907

101 198.8 213.5 0.014068 0.253 71.08 3.9481

102 201.8 216.5 0.014098 0.250 70.93 4.0062
103 204.7 219.4 0.014128 0.246 70.78 4.0651
104 207.7 222.4 0.014159 0.242 70.63 4.1247
105 210.8 225.5 0.014190 0.239 70.47 4.1852

106 213.8 228.5 0.014221 0.231 70.32 4.3265

107 216.9 231.6 0.014253 0.232 70.16 4.3086
108 220.0 234.7 0.014285 0.229 70.00 4.3715
109 223.2 237.9 0.014317 0.226 69.85 4.4354
110 226.4 241.1 0.014350 0.222 69.69 4.5000

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Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

111 229.6 244.3 0.014382 0.219 69.53 4.5656

112 232.8 247.5 0.014416 0.216 69.37 4.6321
113 236.1 250.8 0.014449 0.213 69.21 4.6994
114 239.4 254.1 0.014483 0.210 69.05 4.7677
115 242.7 257.4 0.014517 0.207 68.88 4.8370

116 246.1 260.8 0.014552 0.204 68.72 4.9072

117 249.5 264.2 0.014587 0.201 68.55 4.9784
118 252.9 267.6 0.014622 0.198 68.39 5.0506
119 256.4 271.1 0.014658 0.195 68.22 5.1238
120 259.9 274.6 0.014694 0.192 68.05 5.1981

121 259.9 274.6 0.014731 0.190 67.88 5.2734

122 263.4 278.1 0.014768 0.187 67.71 5.3498
123 267.0 281.7 0.014805 0.184 67.54 5.4272
124 270.6 285.3 0.014843 0.182 67.37 5.5058
125 277.9 292.6 0.014882 0.179 67.20 5.5856

126 281.6 296.3 0.014882 0.177 67.20 5.6665

127 285.4 300.1 0.014920 0.174 67.02 5.7486
128 289.1 303.8 0.014960 0.172 66.84 5.8319
129 296.0 310.7 0.015039 0.169 66.49 5.9164
130 296.8 311.5 0.015080 0.167 66.31 6.0022

131 300.7 315.4 0.015121 0.164 66.13 6.0893

132 304.6 319.3 0.015163 0.162 65.95 6.1777
133 308.6 323.3 0.015206 0.160 65.76 6.2674
134 312.5 327.2 0.015248 0.157 65.58 6.3585
135 316.6 331.3 0.015292 0.155 65.39 6.4510

136 320.6 335.3 0.015336 0.153 65.21 6.5450

137 324.7 339.4 0.015381 0.151 65.02 6.6405
138 328.9 343.6 0.015426 0.148 64.83 6.7374
139 333.0 347.7 0.015472 0.146 64.63 6.8359
140 337.3 352.0 0.015518 0.144 64.44 6.9360

141 341.5 356.2 0.015566 0.142 64.24 7.0377

142 345.8 360.5 0.015613 0.140 64.05 7.1410
143 350.1 364.8 0.015662 0.138 63.85 7.2461
144 354.5 369.2 0.015712 0.136 63.65 7.3529
145 358.9 373.6 0.015762 0.134 63.44 7.4615

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Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

146 363.3 378.0 0.015813 0.132 63.24 7.5719

147 367.8 382.5 0.015865 0.130 63.03 7.6842
148 372.3 387.0 0.015917 0.128 62.83 7.7985
149 376.9 391.6 0.015971 0.126 62.61 7.9148
150 381.5 396.2 0.016025 0.123 62.40 8.1331

151 386.1 400.8 0.016080 0.123 62.19 8.1536

152 390.8 405.5 0.016137 0.122 61.97 8.1763
153 395.6 410.3 0.016194 0.119 61.75 8.4011
154 400.3 415.0 0.016252 0.117 61.53 8.5284
155 405.1 419.8 0.016312 0.116 61.30 8.6580

156 410.0 424.7 0.016372 0.114 61.08 8.7911

157 414.9 429.6 0.016434 0.112 60.85 8.9247
158 419.8 434.5 0.016497 0.110 60.62 9.0620
159 424.8 439.5 0.016561 0.109 60.38 9.2020
160 429.8 444.5 0.016627 0.107 60.14 9.3449

161 434.9 449.6 0.016693 0.105 59.91 9.4907

162 440.0 454.7 0.016762 0.104 59.66 9.6395
163 445.2 459.9 0.016831 0.102 59.41 9.7915
164 450.4 465.1 0.016902 0.106 59.16 9.3947
165 455.6 470.3 0.016975 0.0990 58.91 10.106

166 460.9 475.6 0.017050 0.0974 58.65 10.268

167 466.3 481.0 0.017126 0.0958 58.39 10.434
168 471.7 486.4 0.017204 0.0943 58.13 10.603
169 477.1 491.8 0.017285 0.0928 57.85 10.777
170 482.6 497.3 0.017367 0.0913 57.58 10.955

171 488.1 502.8 0.017451 0.0898 57.30 11.138

172 493.7 508.4 0.017538 0.0883 57.02 11.325
173 499.6 514.3 0.017627 0.0868 56.73 11.517
174 505.0 519.7 0.017719 0.0854 56.44 11.714
175 510.7 525.4 0.017813 0.0837 56.14 11.947

176 516.5 531.2 0.117910 0.0825 8.48 12.125

177 522.3 537.0 0.018011 0.0810 55.52 12.340
178 528.2 542.9 0.018114 0.0796 55.21 12.560
179 534.1 548.8 0.001822 0.0782 548.82 12.788
180 540.1 554.8 0.018332 0.0768 54.55 13.023

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Refrigerant HCFC-22
Temp in Gauge Absolute Specific Specific Density Density
Degrees Pressure Pressure Volume Volume Liquid Vapor
Fahrenheit liquid Vapor

(°f) psig * psia cu.ft./lb. cu.ft./lb. lbs./cu.ft. lbs./cu.ft.

181 546.1 560.8 0.018447 0.0754 54.21 13.265

182 552.2 566.9 0.018566 0.0740 53.86 13.516
183 558.4 573.1 0.018690 0.0726 53.50 13.776
184 564.5 579.2 0.018820 0.0712 53.13 14.045
185 570.8 585.5 0.018954 0.0698 52.76 14.324

186 577.1 591.8 0.019095 0.0684 52.37 14.615

187 598.2 612.9 0.019243 0.0670 51.97 14.918
188 604.6 619.3 0.019397 0.0656 51.55 15.235
189 611.1 625.8 0.019561 0.0642 51.12 15.566
190 617.5 632.2 0.019733 0.0628 50.68 15.914

191 624.2 638.9 0.019915 0.0614 50.21 16.280

192 630.8 645.5 0.020110 0.0600 49.73 16.667
193 637.6 652.3 0.020647 0.0586 48.43 17.077
194 644.3 659.0 0.020540 0.0571 48.69 17.514
195 651.2 665.9 0.020782 0.0556 48.12 17.983

196 658.1 672.8 0.021045 0.0541 47.52 18.488

197 665.1 679.8 0.021334 0.0525 46.87 19.038
198 657.4 672.1 0.021655 0.0509 46.18 19.642
199 664.5 679.2 0.022048 0.0492 45.36 20.315
200 671.7 686.4 0.022436 0.0474 44.57 21.080

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An Integrated Approach to
Efficient Industrial Refrigeration Systems Lighting

This section of the CRES Study Guide will NOT be

available during the CRES exam. Questions based on this
information must be answered from memory during the
test.

Reprinted with permission from ASW Engineering.

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Lamp There are several useful measures of lamp performance that can be used to
Performance compare the products offered by different manufacturers. Some are:
Criteria
• Light output and power input

• Color characteristics including Correlated Color Temperature (CCT)

and Color Rendering Index (CRI)

• Lamp life (lamp depreciation)

• Lumen depreciation

Light Output One measure of lamp performance is light output. For most lamps, output is
measured in total lumens or overall light output. Lumens is defined as the
amount of light generated by a light source. For directional light sources
(such as reflector lamps) light output (or the luminous intensity) is measured
in candlepower or candelas (cd). This is the directional intensity of light from
a point source.

Lamp efficacy is defined as the ratio of lumens of light output to total watts of
input power (efficacy = lumens/watts) and is the best way to measure a lamp’s
energy efficiency. Efficacy is a term that also can be used to assess the energy
efficiency of an entire lighting system. The higher the efficacy the better,
because that means we are getting more light (lumens) per watt.

A lumen is an amount of light

generated by a light source. Lamps
are rated according to the number of
lumens they produce. (A standard
60-watt incandescent lamp
generates about 890 lumens.)
A footcandle is the amount of light
that reaches a particular surface.
You measure footcandles with a
light meter.
These concepts assume that a
candle uniformly distributes light in
all directions. Given a sphere with a
radius of one foot surrounding the
candle, a lumen is the amount of
light that would pass through a one
square foot opening in the sphere.

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Energy Consumption
Different lamps are rated for lumen output and lamp life under strict standards set by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The ratings are based on specific combinations
of voltage, mounting orientation, ballast, and ambient air temperature. Differences in any of
these conditions can affect both input power requirements and light output, which in turn will
affect efficacy.

Typical efficacy (lumens/watt) of example light sources

lumens/watt

umens/watt

lumens/watt
umens/watt
lumens/watt

Standard Tungsten- Halogen Compact LEDs Compact Full-size

incandesce halogen infrared fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent
nt reflecting (5–26 W) (27–40 W)

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There are two common ways to describe the color of a lamp’s light:
Color Characteristics
• Chromaticity and Correlated Color Temperature (CCT)

• Color Rendering Index (CRI)

Correlated Color Chromaticity is expressed by Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) (or

simply color temperature) and measures the apparent color of a light source.
Temperature CCT measures in degrees Kelvin (K) the chromaticity or color of a light
source.

Color temperature describes how warm or cool a light source appears. A

warm color is a low number (3000 K) and a cool color is a higher number
(5000 K). A color temperature around 5000 K is well-suited for use in
refrigerated warehouses.
Color temperature can be thought of as the measurement used to describe
the “tint” of white light. The color temperature of a light source is measured
to determine light quality.

9000 - North light blue sky

8500 -
8000 -
7500 -
7000 - Overcast sky
6500 -
Kelvin

Daylight fluorescent
6000 -
Clear mercury
5500 - Summer sunlight
5000 -
4500 - Metal halide
4000 - Cool white
3500 - White
Tungsten 3000 - Warm white; Metal halide
halogen 40-watt 2500 -
incandescent lamp 2000 - High pressure sodium lamps
Low pressure sodium lamps
Candle 1500 -

Color temperature chart

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The table below shows some lighting-level ranges based on
recommendations from the Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America.

Recommended Illumination Levels for Various Activities

Type of Lighting Type of Activity Recommended
Illumination Level
General or Public spaces 2 - 5 footcandles
Background
Simple orientation 5 - 10 footcandles
(throughout spaces)
Working spaces; occasional visual 10 - 20 footcandles
Task Lighting tasks
(at workstations)
Visual tasks; high contrast, or large 20 - 50 footcandles
size
Visual tasks; medium contrast, or 50 - 100 footcandles
small size
Visual tasks; low contrast, or very 100 - 200 footcandles
small size

Recommended illumination levels for various

activities (based on recommendations from the Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America)
If you think you have more lighting than you need, you can reduce it either by
“delamping” (removing lamps) or by replacing existing lamps with lower wattage or
higher efficiency lamps.
Whether you are removing or replacing lamps, you can use one of two
general approaches to reduce lighting levels:
• Experiment.
− Begin with hallway or general lighting levels and remove or replace a
few lamps at a time.
− Continue to adjust the number or type of lamps until you find
a combination that provides just enough light for the
location.
• Take footcandle readings.
− Use a light meter to take readings at the level where work is done.
− Use a footcandle table as a guide.
− Remove or replace lamps until you get a reading in the desired range.
Regardless of which method you use, bear in mind the factors of safety and
comfort, and use common sense.

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Lighting in Refrigerated Facilities

Let’s look at a few of the typical lighting types that are suggested for use
in refrigerated facilities.
• Flourescent lamps (T-8 and T-5)
• High intensity discharge (HID) lamps
• LED lamps

High Bay Fluorescent Lighting in Refrigerated Facilities

T-8 and T-5 high bay lamps have advantages over high intensity discharge
(HID) lamps.
One key advantage is that T-8s and T-5s have instant start capability. HID
lamps, such as metal halide, high pressure sodium, and mercury vapor lamps,
take a long time to warm up. This characteristic makes it impractical to turn
them off in empty spaces. Product handlers and forklift operators don’t like
waiting 10 to 15 minutes for the lighting to warm up to full brightness.
Like the T-8s and T-5s, LEDs also have instant start capability. This means all
of these can be controlled using motion or occupancy sensors.
In many situations, using sensors and high bay fluorescent or LED lighting can
reduce the hours of operation of lights in refrigerated facilities from 10 to 12
hours a day to less than 4 hours a day. This could easily reduce lighting costs
by half.

Reduced Heat
Gain Whenever a lower wattage lamp is retrofit in a refrigerated space, energy is not
only saved from the lighting itself but also from the reduced heat gain.
Each kWh of lighting savings is 3,413 fewer BTUs of heat in the refrigerated
space, and thus creates additional savings at the compressor.

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The great advantages of a fluorescent light are its high light output per watt and
Fluorescent its long life.
Lamps

Fluorescent lamp manufacturers have responded to the rising costs of energy

by developing lamps that are more efficient and flexible in application than the
original standard series.
• The new compact fluorescent lamps are becoming more versatile
and consume much less electricity.
• Color-corrected fluorescent lamps (such as “warm white” and “deluxe
cool white”) are useful in many applications that were previously limited
to incandescent lamps.
Before discussing the detailed considerations for using fluorescent lamps to
replace incandescent lamps, you should know a little bit about how
fluorescent lamps work.

How Fluorescent A fluorescent light uses a fluorescent phosphor coating inside its tube. An
electric current is applied to electrodes that are positioned at each end of the
Lamps Work lamp which causes an arc to jump from one end of the lamp to the other. In the
process, ultraviolet radiation is emitted. When the radiation strikes the
phosphor coating, the phosphors begin to fluoresce (emit visible light).

Since the resistance of the arc decreases as current increases, the current
would destroy the lamp if not controlled. Also, in a fluorescent light circuit, a
relatively high voltage (one to three hundred volts) is required to initiate the arc,
and a much lower voltage is needed to maintain the arc and keep the lamp
lighted.

Fluorescent lamp operation

1. Electrons emitted from the electrode collide with an electron of a mercury atom.
2. Ultraviolet radiation is produced.
3. Phosphor crystals fluoresce and emit visible light.

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Comparing Next, we will describe a few fluorescent alternatives and discuss some of their
Fluorescent features and relative benefits. First, let’s look at the full length fluorescent
options. T-8 fluorescent lamps are full-size lamps. They were introduced in
Alternatives the United States in 1982, and are now made by all major U.S. lamp
manufacturers. T-8 lamps are available in several straight-tube and U-bent
configurations.

Like standard F40T12 (T-12) lamps, T-8 lamps are rated at 20,000 hours for
60 Hz rapid start. For highest effectiveness, they are often matched with
electronic ballasts. These operate the lamps in an instant start mode and at
25,000 Hz. (Electronic ballasts for rapid start operation are also available.)
T-8 lamps offer several advantages over the standard T-12 lamps:

• Two-lamp T-8 systems with an instant start electronic ballast can

attain up to 90 lumens per watt, compared to a two-lamp T-12 system
at about 78 lumens per watt.

• All T-8 lamps contain rare earth phosphors which means better color
rendering and lamp lumen maintenance when compared to T-12
halophosphor lamps— phosphors “love” high frequency. (Lumen
maintenance is a measure of how well a lamp maintains its lamp
output as it ages and is usually expressed as a curve.)

• T-8 lamps are about the same price as T-12 lamps.

• Unlike T-12 lamps which have a tendency to trap light, T-8 lamps
allow more light to escape from the lamp.
/ inch

T-5
5 8
1 inch

1 inch

T-8
Diameter

1 ¼ inch

T-10
1 ½ inch

1 ½ inch

1 ½ inch

T-12

Rapid Start and Instant Start High Output (HO)

Preheat Lamps (Slimline) Lamps Rapid Start Lamps

Standard fluorescent lamp bases

A fluorescent lamp’s ballast is in effect a small transformer that:

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Ballasts A type of inductor known as a ballast serves both needs for high and low
voltage. It limits the current; and, for most sizes, it increases the voltage
for reliable starting and stable operation. Lamps of different sizes require
different ballasts.

ies the correct voltage that is needed to start an arc between the
two electrodes.
• Controls the electric current needed to maintain light output.

Magnetic vs. There are two fundamental ballast designs. Traditionally, fluorescent lamps
Electronic used electromagnetic (or simply “magnetic”) ballasts. The relatively recent
electronic (or simply “electric”) ballasts can help save energy. The specific
Ballasts ballast used has a significant impact on a fluorescent lamp’s energy efficiency.

According to the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI):“High-frequency

electronic ballasts increase the energy efficiency of fluorescent lighting
systems 6% to 29% compared to systems using electromagnetic ballasts.
Upgrading to T- 8 lamps at the same time can improve energy efficiency by up
to 59%.” That’s a considerable improvement.
The reason that electric ballasts are so energy efficient is that they use
electronic components. These reduce internal electricity losses, and let the
lamps operate at high frequencies—between 20,000 and 60,000 Hz. Higher
frequencies increase lamp effectiveness by about 10% over lamps operated at
60 Hz by electromagnetic ballasts.
One easy way to check the type of ballast installed is to use a “strobe top.”
When you spin this top under the fluorescent lamps, if you can see pattern
lines, it is a magnetic ballast; if the pattern is smooth with no lines, it is a high-
frequency electronic ballast.
Another type is the dimmable (or “dimming”) ballast, which we will discuss later.

Standard magnetic and electronic ballasts

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T-5 lamps, which are 5/8” in diameter, have improved phosphors and are part
T-5 Lamps of a new generation of lamps that offer improved efficacy and optical control
when compared to T-12 and T-8 lamps.

T-5 lamps can be up to 18% more efficient than T-8 systems, have lumen
maintenance as high as 97%, and provide a high optimal operating
temperature that improves performance in enclosed fixtures. Also, T-5 lamps
and ballasts are much thinner than T-12’s and T-8’s and present sleeker and
more contemporary fixtures. T-5 lamps are used with specially designed, high
frequency electronic ballasts for optimum performance.
T-5’s originated in Europe and have metric lengths—they are about two inches
shorter than comparable T-8 and T-12 bi-pin U.S. lamps. A typical 1,150 mm
T-5 has a lifetime of 16,000 hours and generates 2,900 initial lumens. One
example lamp provides system efficacy over 100 lumens per watt, a CRI of 85,
and is available in color temperatures of 3,000, 3,500, and 4,000 K.
Other T-5 lamps have a rated life of 20,000 hours and come in standard sizes
of 14, 21, 28, and 35 watts. HO (High Output) sizes are 24, 39, and 54 watts.

T-5 lamps (Sylvania)

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T-5 Applications T-5 lamps can be used in a variety of applications, including:

• Indirect suspended luminaires

• Direct/indirect lay-in luminaires

• Cove and valence lighting

• Wall washing

System Comparison—T-12/SS vs. OCTRON T-8 vs. PENTRON T-5

Lamp Lamp # Ballast BF System Initial Lumen Mean Relative Mean
Type Lamps Watts System Maint. System Light System
Lumens Lumens Output LPW
F40T12CW/S T12 2 Magnetic 0.88 72 4660 0.85 3960 100% 55
S
F032/841 T8 2 System 32 0.90 52 5310 0.92 4890 123% 83
FP28/841 T5 2 System PS 1.0 62 5200 0.93 4836 122% 78
FP54/841/HO T5 1 System 1.0 61 4450 0.93 4140 105% 68
PHO
(Lamp data courtesy Osram Sylvania)

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Example T-5 Lamp for Refrigerated Facilities

There are many T-5 lamps that are designed to operate in sub-
freezing temperatures like those found in refrigerated facilities.
One typical example is manufactured by Precision Fluorescent.

Key features
• Lens assembly features closed cell
neoprene gasketing and cam-lock latches;
the sealed housing retains the heat
produced by the lamps and ballasts
• Can be used down to -20° F
• Available in 4-lamp through 6-lamp 2 x 4
versions
• Peak light output at -10° F

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T-5 Industrial For warehouse and interior lighting, the recent trend in lighting systems is
Fixtures and away from HPS (high pressure sodium) and toward industrial T-5 lighting.
Older warehouse and interior lighting are being converted to linear
Applications fluorescent.
The old rule of thumb in the lighting industry says that for indoor settings,
fluorescent lighting made the most sense for low ceilings below about 15 or
20 feet and high-intensity discharge (HID) lighting was the best choice for
higher ceilings (high-bay applications). This is no longer the case.
Today’s high-output T-5 fluorescent lamps and specially designed high-
bay fluorescent fixtures can now work well in the high-bay applications.
There are now at least a dozen fixture manufacturers who are producing high-
bay fixtures for long twin-tube or straight-tube T-5 lamps. These fixtures
typically come with four to eight of the very bright T-5 lamps in a relatively
small luminaire with high-efficiency reflectors that deliver almost all of the light
output downward.
Replacing metal halide HID high-bays with T-5 high-bays can provide energy
savings of 50% or more. The savings are a result of the features of the newer
T-5 fixtures:

• Lower wattage lamps and ballasts

• Higher lumens per watt

• The improved fixture efficiency

• The higher ballast efficiency

T-5 Industrial fixture

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Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 71 of 75

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
 CRES Exam Study Guide Page 72 of 75
While fluorescent lighting is approximately four times as efficient as
High Intensity incandescent lighting, the newer high intensity discharge (HID) lamps are
even more efficient. HID lighting is found in outdoor lighting and in a
Discharge (HID) variety of work areas, including warehouses, parking garages,
Lamps gymnasiums, and retail settings.

HID lighting has been around for over 100 years. HID lamps produce light with
an electric arc through a tube that contains gases. Like fluorescent lamps, HID
lamps require a ballast for starting and operating the lamp. HID lamps generally
have a good to excellent CRI and are available in sizes from 39 W to 1500 W.
Included in this lighting group are Mercury Vapor (MV), Metal Halides (MH),
Low Pressure Sodium (LPS), and High Pressure Sodium (HPS).
• Mercury vapor is the oldest type of HID lighting. It is mostly used for
street lighting. Most indoor mercury vapor lighting has been replaced
with metal halide lighting, which has better color rendering and
efficiency.

• Metal halide lamps are similar to mercury vapor lamps and are used in
large indoor areas such as gymnasiums and sports arenas, and for
outdoor areas. Compared with mercury vapor lamps, metal halide
lamps have higher light output, more lumens per watt, and better color
rendition. The first metal halide lamp was developed about 1960.

• Low-pressure sodium lamps provide the most efficient artificial

lighting, have the longest service life, and maintain their light output
better than any other type of lamp. Low-pressure sodium lighting is
used where color is not important such as highway and security
lighting.

• High pressure sodium (HPS) lamps:

− Typically emit a golden white light (not to be confused with the

distinctive yellowish light of the Low Pressure Sodium lamps).
HPS lamps do distort some colors (reds have a brownish hue),
but all colors remain recognizable.
− Are used extensively outdoors and are also gaining acceptance
for indoor applications where color is not critical to task
performance.
− Are available in a color-corrected version that produces color
rendering properties similar to very “warm” incandescent. The
trade- off is that they are somewhat less efficient and shorter lived
than the standard HPS.
Significant energy savings are possible by replacing old mercury vapor lamps
with newer metal halide or high pressure sodium lamps. For retrofitting inside
high-bay or any outdoor lighting fixtures, of the different types of HID lamps,
the high pressure sodium lamps appear to provide the most versatile and cost-
effective alternative. High-pressure sodium lighting is becoming the most
popular type of outdoor lighting.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 73 of 75

Typically, in situations that warrant consideration of complete incandescent

fixture replacement, the application of HPS can reduce energy consumption
by approximately 40-50% for the lower illumination level requirements.
As an example, for an existing 100 W incandescent application, using a 35
W HPS will produce slightly less light, while using a 50 W HPS will provide
more light.
Alternatively, in situations where the “yellowish” color of Low Pressure Sodium
(LPS) lamps is not objectionable, there are 18 W units available that can deliver
the light equivalent of a 150 W incandescent lamp. This represents about an
80% energy reduction (even after accounting for the LPS ballast loss).
However, there are some drawbacks to typical metal halide lamps:
• Metal halide lamps emit high levels of UV radiation that must be
shielded by glass in the lamp or fixture.

• Their high intensity limits the range of application for metal halide
lamps and requires the use of sophisticated fixtures.

• They require a start-up period after a shutdown or power interruption.

Although HID lighting is popular, most HID lamps take several minutes to
HID Lamp Warm-up reach full light output. This makes them less amenable to automatic control,
and they cannot be efficiently switched off and on without creating
Time inconvenience for occupants. (Some lamps over 400 watts are available with
instant restrike capability, but they require special ballasts.)

Depending on the type of lamp, HID lamps may need from one minute to as
much as 15 minutes for a “restrike.” (Restrike refers to turning the light back
on after it has been turned off.) For example, a typical low pressure sodium
lamp requires 7 to 15 minutes for a “cold” restrike but less than one minute for
a “hot” restrike.
During the warm-up period the gases used to create the lighting arc rise to
the necessary temperatures.

Type of HID lamp Time to warm up

(“cold” restrike)
Cold-start mercury vapor lamps 5 – 7 minutes
Low pressure sodium 7 – 15 minutes
High pressure sodium 3 – 5 minutes
Metal halide 2 – 5 minutes

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
CRES Exam Study Guide Page 74 of 75

LED Lamps There are two basic types of LEDs:

• Discrete LEDs

• Chip LEDs
The discrete package, also called the “through-hole” LED, is the most common.
Its packaging includes a reflector to gather and focus the light and a plastic
dome envelope, which determines the beam-spread and protects the LED.
The surface mount chip packaging consists of only a flat plastic lens. Chip
LEDs are micro-soldered to a circuit board and, because they have no
reflector or dome envelope, provide a wider beam spread at lower intensity
than discrete LEDs.

Significant technology developments during the past few years have reduced
LED Exit Signs the cost and improved the practicality of LED exit signs. Second-generation
LEDs have been developed that are up to 30 times as bright as earlier ones.

The higher light output allows the LEDs to be used in exit sign boxes in the
same way as incandescent and fluorescent lamps, instead of using the LEDs
in direct view to spell “EXIT.” The use of strips of LEDs or LED lamps makes
them feasible for retrofit applications. LED Exit Sign Retrofit Kit are designed
for retrofitting either incandescent or compact fluorescent exit signs and can
consume as little as 1.5 watts.

Exit sign and LED lamp and base adapters

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
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Exits Signs — Typical Costs

Fixture Typical Life (yrs.) Annual energy Maint. costs First costs Life cycle cost
wattage costs at (materials
$0.10/kWh only) 1 yr. 5 yr. 10 yr. 15 yr.

Incandescent 40 0.8 $35.00 $19.50 $25 $80 $298 $570 $843

CFL 10 2 $ 8.75 $ 9.50 $60 $78 $151 $243 $334
LED 4 10 $ 3.50 $ 0.00 $45 $49 $63 $125 $143
(EPA)
This data provided by the EPA assumes that installation labor is the same for all three technologies, so only
the cost of the signs is used. Note that the first costs of LED exit signs has fallen dramatically in recent years
and is competitive with incandescent exit signs.

Manufacturer’s estimates of the life of LED lamps generally range from 30,000 to 100,000 hours depending
on the type and the color. For example, red LEDs have a rated life up to 10 times longer than white LEDs.
(100,000 hours is a little over 34 years at 8 hours per day.) It is possible that the actual life is longer. One
manufacturer claims that 80 to 100 years is a reasonable expectation.
Typical fluorescent or incandescent lamps are given a “rated lamp life” which is based on standard tests that
document the number of lamps that fail. On the other hand, LEDs don’t really fail; instead they begin to
“fade away,” but continue to operate. This means new test methods will need to be developed to measure the
useful life of LEDs. The latest generation of LEDs have a longer life and operate at about 85% of their
original output after about 20,000 hours.

LEDison® series LED lamps

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department
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The optical control is a distinct advantage for this type of LED, in that the array of lenses can be customized
to control the beam of light to point it at desired areas and avoid illuminating areas that are not desired.
LED’s also function well under cold temperatures and restrike instantly from an off state.

January 2023 CRES Study Guide Developed: 04/21/2018

Revision: 4 Last Approved: Certification Department
Last Reviewed: 09-15-2023 Approved by: Certification Department