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KirtiJain

This document provides an overview of circuit breakers. It discusses the basic elements, types (including low voltage, oil, air blast, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers), advantages (double fault protection, manually switchable mode, safety features), and limitations (complexity, limited lifespan, cost) of circuit breakers. It emphasizes that circuit breakers are important for protecting electrical circuits and should be properly maintained to operate safely and reliably.

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Kirti Jain
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13 views16 pages

KirtiJain

This document provides an overview of circuit breakers. It discusses the basic elements, types (including low voltage, oil, air blast, SF6, and vacuum circuit breakers), advantages (double fault protection, manually switchable mode, safety features), and limitations (complexity, limited lifespan, cost) of circuit breakers. It emphasizes that circuit breakers are important for protecting electrical circuits and should be properly maintained to operate safely and reliably.

Uploaded by

Kirti Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ASANSOL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

NAME:-KIRTI JAIN
DEPARTMENT:-CSE
CLASS ROLL NUMBER:-98
SECTION:-G3
SEMESTER :-1
YEAR:-1
SUBJECT:-BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SUBJECT CODE:-ES-EE101
TOPIC- CIRCUIT BREAKERS!!
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• History
• Basic Element Of circuit breaker
• Type Of Circuit Breakers
• Advantages
• Limitation
• Conclusion
• References
INTRODUCTION

• Circuit breakers are the sentinels of a power system. They are required to
switch circuit ‘ON’, both under normal and abnormal conditions . • A circuit
breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an
electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic
function is to detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to
immediately discontinue electrical flow.
HISTORY

• Inspired by the works of American scientist Joseph Henry and English scientist
Michael Faraday, the circuit breaker was invented in 1836 by an American,
Charles Grafton. • An early form of circuit breaker was described by Thomas
Alva Edison in an 1879 patent application, although his commercial power
distribution system used fuses. Its purpose was to protect lighting circuit wiring
from accidental short-circuits and overloads. • A modern miniature circuit
breaker similar to the ones now in use was patented by Brown, Boveri&Ciein
1924
BASIC ELEMENTS OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS:-
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS:-
• Low voltage air circuit breaker.
• Oil circuit breaker.
• Air blast circuit breaker.
• SF6 circuit breaker.
• Vacuum circuit breaker.
LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER
• MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)—rated current not more than 100 A. Trip characteristics
normally not adjustable. Thermal or thermal-magnetic operation. Breakers illustrated above are
in this category • MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker)—rated current up to 2500 A.
Thermal or thermal-magnetic operation. Trip current may be adjustable in larger ratings.
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

• Bulk Oil Circuit Breaker(BOCB) • Contains more oil. • Due the development of arc control
devices BOCB design is progressively reduced. 115 kV bulk oil circuit breaker • 115KV BULK
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER Minimum Oil Circuit Breaker(MOCB) • Contains less
amount of oil. • The design concept still there. • 33kv MINIMUM Oil Circuit Breaker
AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER
• Some advantages over OCB:- • High speed operation • Ability
to withstand frequent switching • Facility for high speed re-
closure • Comparatively less maintenance • USES:- • Used for
special application like for the high power laboratories world wide.
VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER

• It can be used up to 132KV;But widely used for 11KV & 33KV. • VCB are generally very
expensive due to its materials processing & technique. ADVANTAGES:- • Maintenance free
& non flammable in nature. • Requires relatively less mechanical energy to operate • They have
silent operation. • The dielectric recovery rate is faster.
Sf6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS

• SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER 400 kV SF6 live tank circuit breakers Some of the
outstanding properties of SF6 gas are: Electrical& thermal properties: High dielectric strength
Outstanding arc-quenching ability Excellent thermal stability Good thermal conductivity
Physical & chemical attributes: Chemically inert Non toxic Non-inflammable Non-corrosive
Advantages of SF6: Increased safety Reduction in size & Simplified design Reduction in
weight & Reliability of operation & noiseless operation Easy for installation & maintenance
ADVANTAGES

Circuit breakers have many good design points; such as


• Double Fault Protection
• Manually switchable mode
• Built in safety features to prevent spark ignition & meltdown.
• Very much effective & compact in nature.
LIMITATIONS:-

• Circuit breakers also have some disadvantages, which include:


•
• Complexity: Circuit breakers are more complex than fuses, which can make them more difficult
to install and maintain.
• Limited Lifespan: Circuit breakers have a limited lifespan and may need to be replaced
periodically.
• Cost: Circuit breakers are generally more expensive than fuses.
CONCLUSION
Proper maintenance can be performed and power systems kept in a safe, reliable
condition with the proper mixture of:
• Common sense • Training • Manufacturer’s literature and spare parts. •
Circuit breakers, if installed within their ratings and properly maintained, should
• Operate trouble-free for many years. • If operated outside of their rating or
without proper maintenance. May cause serious injury or even death of employee
working in the area. • Care should be taken when applying beaker failure to ring
bus and breaker and one half.
REFERENCES

• http://www.google.co.in/en/circuit_breaker.html •
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/circuit_breaker •
http://www.ieee.co.in/info/circuitbreaker_notes.docx •
http://www.googlebooks/ebooks.com/ •
http://www.freeessays.cc/db/17/etn6.shtml •
http://www.element14.com/community/groups/circuit-protection •
http://www.jyotibooksdepot.com • http://www.newagepublishers.com •
http://www.optc.org

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