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Base System (Binary, Decimal, Octal & Hexadecimal)

The document discusses different number systems and how to convert between them. It explains that binary uses the base-2 symbols 0 and 1, octal uses 0-7, decimal uses 0-9, and hexadecimal uses 0-9 and A-F. It then provides examples of converting between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. Conversions between binary and octal or hexadecimal involve grouping the binary digits and matching them to symbols in the target base. Octal to hexadecimal can be done by first converting to binary and then to hexadecimal.

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23 views2 pages

Base System (Binary, Decimal, Octal & Hexadecimal)

The document discusses different number systems and how to convert between them. It explains that binary uses the base-2 symbols 0 and 1, octal uses 0-7, decimal uses 0-9, and hexadecimal uses 0-9 and A-F. It then provides examples of converting between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. Conversions between binary and octal or hexadecimal involve grouping the binary digits and matching them to symbols in the target base. Octal to hexadecimal can be done by first converting to binary and then to hexadecimal.

Uploaded by

vermaapoorv2345
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Base System : Concept & Example

Number System Base Symbol


Binary 2 0, 1
Octal 8 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Decimal 10 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Hexadecimal 16 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F
A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, F=15,

▪ Base System Conversion:


A. Binary Number Conversion:
B. Decimal Number Conversion:
C. Octal Number Conversion
D. Hexadecimal Number Conversion

Note:-
1. Binary to Octal:
An easy way to convert binary to octal is to group binary digits into sets of three, starting with the least significant (rightmost) digits.
Binary: 11100101 = 11 100 101
011 100 101 Pad the most significant digits with zeros if necessary to complete a group of three.
Binary = 011 100 101
Octal = 3 4 5 (345)8

2. Binary to Hexadecimal:
An easy way to convert binary to hexadecimal is to group binary digits into sets of four, starting with the least significant (rightmost)
digits.
Binary: 11100101 = 1110 0101
Hexadecimal = E 5 = (E5)16

3. Octal to Hexadecimal:
When converting from octal to hexadecimal, it is often easier to first convert the octal number into binary and then from binary into
hexadecimal.
For example, to convert 345 octal into hex:
(from the previous example)
Octal = 3 4 5
Binary = 011 100 101 = (011100101)2
Drop any leading zeros or pad with leading zeros to get groups of four binary digits (bits):
Binary 011100101 = 1110 0111
Hexadecimal = E 5 = (E5)16
Therefore, through a two-step conversion process, octal 345 equals binary
011100101 = (E5)16

FIITJEE Kathauta Chauraha Vinamra Khand, Gomti Nagar. Lucknow - 226010. 0522 - 2724960, 2724961. Web: www.fiitjee.com
Example:-1
(a) (23)10 = (10111)2 (b) (23)10 = (27)8

2 23 1 8 23 7
2 11 1 8 2
2 5 1
2 2 0
1
Example:- 2
(a) (0.625)10 = (0.5)8 0.625 × 8 = 5.000 0.5

(b) (0.23)10 = (0.001110….)2 0.23 × 2 = 0.46 0.0


0.46 × 2 = 0.92 0.00
0. 92 × 2 =1.84 0.001
0.84 × 2 = 1.68 0.0011
0.68 × 2 = 1.36 0.00111
0.36 × 2 = 0.72 0.001110…

(c) (27.68)10 = (11011.10101….)2 = (33.53…)8

2 27 1 0.68 × 2 = 1.36 0.1


2 13 1 0.36 × 2 = 0.72 0.10
2 6 0 0.72× 2 = 1.44 0.101
2 3 1 0.44 × 2 = 0.88 0.1010
1 0.88 × 2 = 1.76 0.10101……..

8 27 3 0.68 × 8 = 5.44 0.5


3 0.44 × 8 = 3.52 0.53….

FIITJEE Kathauta Chauraha Vinamra Khand, Gomti Nagar. Lucknow - 226010. 0522 - 2724960, 2724961. Web: www.fiitjee.com

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