‘Academic English for Tertiary Studies: EAP 5 WEEK 7 WED FILE 13C COMPARISON OF THE ROLES OF WOMEN IN THE DEVELOPED AND THE DEVELOPING WORLD ‘Task: Complete the text below with a suitable word. The dotted lines (. ) indicate an internal reference is required. Throughout the world, In developing and developed countries, women work longer hours than men = and for less. The reason for, is that, universally, they are seen chiefly responsible for household affairs and the rearing of children. ‘addition to this, ___are major contributors to work outside the home. Thus, they __two jobs. In developing countries, as as home responsibilities, the women are the principal agricultural workers. In Africa, example, 60-80% of all agricultural work is by women, as well as 50% ofall animal husbandry, 100% of all food processing ( : ). The Is true of India where it Is the women who do the farm work assisted by the men _ than the other way around. In , it has been reported thet, in India, Women average a 15 to 16-hour day. all this s added, for younger women, the physical of Frequent pregnarcies, childbirth and breast feeding ( 5} Ironically, numerous studies shown that many aid programmes, rather than relieving the burden for women, add to om ) For example, most agricultural training and technology directed at the work traditionally done by men, ____ reducing their load ~ a tractor assists the man’s ploughing of the fields [s of little benefit to the women in her weeding of the field ( : = ).In health assistance, most money ____ spent on small curative (© UWscollege Pry LtdAcademic English for Tertiary Studies: EAP S programmes ___ serve a small percentage of the population rather than targeting of nutrition, sanitation, water, immunization and health education ~ areas directly under the influence of women (. ). Finally, assistance In education also to benefit boys rather than girls, two out of ‘very three illiterate people in world today are wemen ( 5 the picture is different in some ways for women in developed countries, the outcome is similar, that , their burden of work Is heavier than of their male counterparts. Since World War 11, women have comprised 40% of the workforce developed nations. This ‘many women with household responsibilities plus secular ‘employment work an 80-hour week ( : nnn) Moreover, in the workforce, women’s wages, everywhere, generally lower. The reasons for this are that only as children are they often educated for lower paid jobs, also, because their family commitments, women often take part-time jobs ‘and/or less demanding jobs fewer opportunities for promotion om ). This, together with the increase in divorce rates, has left many single mothers supporting children lower incomes. course, the result a greater proportion of women and children living in poverty. This is also of older women. Since pensioners are of the lowest income groups in society, women, Who usually live longer than men and have reduced pensions of having had lower paying jobs, particularly vulnerable fe . vo). Nor trade unions adequately represented femele workers despite female comprising one-third of all trade union membership. In conclusion, this world-wide exploitation of women stop. The responsibility, ‘establishing @ mare equitable distrbution of labour lies ‘men as well as women. Fairer treatment for half the world’s population can only lead economic and social progress. ee ‘© Uwscollege Pty Led