Year 11 to Year 12 Transition Paper

Trigonometric Ratios
Mark Scheme

Question Scheme Marks

1 24.3
(Way 1) cos 63 =  PQ  or
24.3
M1
sin 27 =  PQ  or
 PQ   24.3 sin 90 sin 27

sin 90 sin 27 or  PQ  24.3 oe

24.3
(PQ =) cos 63 or
24.3
M1
(PQ =) sin 27 or
24.3
 PQ    sin 90
sin 27

53.5 A1

 RQ   24.3  tan 63   47.6914.. M1

(Way 2)  PQ   '47.6914 '2  24.32

oe
M1

53.5 A1

(3 marks)
Notes
Way 1
M1 for a correct trigonometric ratio
M1 for a correct rearrangement for PQ

Both
A1 Accept 53.5 - 53.53
Question Scheme Marks

2(a) Finds third angle of triangle Finds third angle of triangle and uses or
and uses or states states Finds third angle of triangle and uses
M1
x 30

sin 60 sin"50 " or states
30sin 60
x (  33.9) A1
So sin 50 So

Area =
1
2  30  x  sin 70  or
1
2  30  y  sin 60 M1

= 478 m2 A1 ft

(4)

Plausible reason, e.g. Because the angles and the side length are not given to
four significant figures B1
(b) Or e.g. The lawn may not be flat

(1)

(5 marks)
Notes
(a) M1: Uses sine rule with third angle to find one of the unknown side lengths
A1: finds expression for, or value of either side length
M1: Completes method to find area of triangle
A1 ft: Obtains a correct answer for their value of x or their value of y.
(b) B1: As information given in the equation may not be accurate to 4sf or the lawn may not
be flat so modelling by a plane figure may not be accurate.
Question Scheme Marks
3(a) 1
18 3   2 x  3 x  sin 60 M1
Uses 2

3
sin 60  2 M1
Sight of 2 and proceeds to x  k oe

x  12  2 3 A1*
*
(3)
(b)
   4 3 
2 2
BC 2  6 3  2  6 3  4 3  cos 60 M1
Uses
BC 2  84 A1

BC  2 21 A1
(cm)
(3)
(6 marks)

Notes
(a)
1
A ab sin C
M1: Attempts to use the formula 2 .
1
18 3   5 x  sin 60
If the candidate writes 2 without sight of a previous correct line
then this would be M0
3
sin 60  2
2 or awrt 0.866 and proceeds to x  k oe such as px  q
2
M1: Sight of
This may be awarded from the correct formula or A  ab sin C
A1*: Look for x  12  x  2 3 , x  4  3  x  2 3 or x  12  2 3
2 2

This is a given answer and all aspects must be correct including one of the above intermediate
lines. It cannot be scored by using decimal equivalents to 3

Alternative using the given answer of x  2 3

1
A   4 3  6 3 sin 60
M1: Attempts to use the formula 2 oe
3
sin 60 
M1: Sight of 2 and proceeds to A  18 3
A1*: Concludes that x  2 3
(b)
M1: Attempts the cosine rule with the sides in the correct position.
BC 2  3x    2 x   2  3x  2 x  cos 60
2 2
This can be scored from as long as there is some at-
tempt to substitute x in later. Condone slips on the squaring
Accept BC  7  12 , BC  84 or BC  2 21
2 2
A1: BC  84
 2
If they replace the surds with decimals they can score the A1 for BC  awrt 84.0
A1: BC  2 21
Condone other variables, say x  2 21, but it cannot be scored via decimals.

Question Scheme Marks

4 250 = 0.5 × 26 × AC × sin(39) oe M1
(AC=) 30.5(5579...) or 30.6
A1

 AB   '30.56 '
sin 47 sin 95 oe
or M1
 BC  
'30.56 '
sin 180  95  47  sin 95
oe

'30.56 '
 AB    sin 47
sin 95
(= 22.4(3407...)) or
M1
'30.56 '
 BC    sin 180  95  47 
sin 95
(= 18.8(8524...))
250 + 0.5 × ‘30.56’ × ‘22.43’ × sin(180 – 95 – 47) (= 461.03....)
or M1
250 + 0.5 × ‘30.56’ × ‘18.88’ × sin(47) (= 461.03....)

461 A1

(6 marks)

Notes
M1 for using the area formula correctly. If this mark is awarded then ft on the remaining M
marks
M1 dep on M1 for correct substitution into sine rule
M1 (dep on previous M marks) for a correct method to find a missing length or sight of values
in the ranges
22.39 – 22.47 for AB
18.8 – 18.92 for BC
M1 for a complete method to find total area
A1 accept 461 - 462
Question Scheme Marks
5 4.12  5.32  2  4.1 5.3  cos(110)
(AC² = ) M1

16.81  28.09  14.8(641...)

(AC = ) or
59.7  641... M1
2
or 7.7(3073) or AC = 59.7…

sin x sin110 5.3 "7.7"

 
Eg 5.3 "7.7" or sin x sin110 or
M1
5.32 = 4.12 + “7.7”2 – 2×4.1×”7.7”×cosx oe

sin110
sin x   5.3
Eg "7.7" (= 0.644(2…)) or
4.12  "7.7"2  5.32
cosx = 2  4.1 "7.7" (= 0.764(83…) M1
(= 22.4(3407...)) or
'30.56 '
 BC    sin 180  95  47 
sin 95
(= 18.8(8524...))

40.1 A1

(6 marks)

Notes
M1 for the correct use of Cosine rule to find AC
M1 NB: there must be evidence of correct order of operations for this mark to be awarded
M1dep on first M1
for correct use of sine rule or cosine rule ft for their value of AC or AC2
M1for isolating sinx or cosx
A1for 40.1 – 40.11
Question Scheme Marks

6(a) sin ACB sin 35


Attempts 6.5 4.7 M1
ACB  awrt(52 or 53) or awrt(127or128) A1
ACB  127.5 A1
(3)
M1
( AC ) 6.5 4.7
(b)  or =
Eg sin"17.5 " sin"127.5 " sin 35

 (CD ) 4.7 
 sin"75 "  sin"127.5 "  (CD )  ...  ( AC )  (CD)  =awrt 8.2 A1

Total length of wood  8.1  6.5  4.7  4.7  awrt24.1 A1

(3)
(6 marks)
AC 2  6.52  4.7 2
cos 35   AC 2  13cos(35) AC  20.16  0  AC  ...
2  6.5  AC
Alt1(a) M1
" AC "  4.7  6.5
2 2 2
cos ACB 
2  " AC " 4.7 oe
Question Scheme Marks

7 (a) Area ABCD is 40 cm2 oe M1

2
sin      180  41.8 M1
3
DAB  awrt 138.19 A1
(3)
(b) DB 2  102  62  2 10  6 cos"138.19 " M1
Attempts
DB  awrt 15.0 A1
(cm)
(2)
(5 marks)
Notes
(a)
M1 Scored for a correct attempt at using the area of ABCD is 40 cm2
1
20   6 10  sin 
Score for 40  6 10  sin  or 2 where θ is one of the corner angles.
M1 Score for sin   k    180  arcsin k

A1 DAB  awrt 138.19

(b)

Attempts DB  10  6  2 10  6cos"138.19 " - allow if the angle used is acute as long as
2 2 2
M1
it is clearly their attempt at angle DAB. So allow use of 41.8 unless they have correctly found
angle DAB and chosen the wrong one here.

A1 DB  awrt 15.0 (cm) Accept 15 in place of 15.0. Allow from attempts using awrt 138°
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
Alt for (a)
40 "4" "4"
h  ...  sin ABC  cos ABC 
M1 Area ABCD is 40 cm2 10 6 OR 6 oe
Essentially this mark is for using the area together with an appropriate trig identity to form
an equation in the sine or cosine of one of the angles of the parallelogram. Attempts finding “DX”
where X is where the perpendicular to DC through A meets DC are possible.

 "4"   "4" 
DAB  180  arcsin    ... DAB  90  arccos    ...
M1  6  or may see  6 
This is for a complete correct method to find the angle DAB
Question Scheme Marks

A1   awrt 138.19

Ques-
Scheme Marks
tion
8(a)  3
 0,   B1
 2 

B1 B1
and (60°, 0) and (240°, 0) and (-120°, 0) and (-300°, 0)

(3)
(b) 6 2
sin( x  60o )  M1
4 (= .2588)

x – 60° = 15° (or 165° or – 195° or – 345°) or 0.262 or 12
radians A1

So x = 75° or 225° or – 135° or –285° (allow awrt) M1 A1 A1

(5)
8 marks
Notes
(a) B1 : Correct exact y intercept (not decimal) – allow on the diagram or in the text. Allow
3
y
2

B1 for 2 correct x intercepts then third B1 for all 4 correct x intercepts ( may or may not be given as
coordinates – may be given on graph) Must be in degrees. (Extra answers in the range lose the third
B1)

6 2
sin( x  60o ) 
4
(b) M1: Divides by 4 first giving correct statement but
6 2 6 2
( x  60o )  sin x  sin 60o 
4 4
is M0 and is also M0 and
4
sin( x  60o ) 
4
is M0 if not preceded by correct statement
A1: Obtains 15° (or 165° or – 195° or – 345°)
M1: Adds 60° to their previous answer which should have been in degrees and obtained by using in-
verse sine
A1: Two correct answers second A1: All four correct answers Extra answers outside range are
ignored. Lose final A mark for extra wrong answers in the range.
If they approximate too early allow awrt answers given for full marks. (e.g. 75.01 etc)
Answers in mixture, degrees and radians: Allow first M A1 only so M1A1M0A0A0 for 60.262
for example
Question Scheme Marks
9(a) sin ACB sin 30 Attempts the sine rule with the sides
 M1
4x 3x and angles in the correct places

0.5  4 x 2 Proceeds without errors to given an-

sin ACB   * swer with at least one intermediate A1*
3x 3
line of working.
(2)
(a) Attempts the sine rule with the sides
2
sin 30 2 1
and angles in the correct places and
Way 2 3
  3  2 M1
4x 3x 4 x 3x replaces sin ACB by 2/3 and sin 30
by 1/2
2 Correct working to achieve both
2 x  2 x so sin ACB  A1
3 sides equal and conclusion

Notes:
4sin 30 2
sin ACB  
3 3
Score M1A1 for
sin ACB sin 30 2
  ACB  41.81...  sin ACB 
4x 3x 3
Score M1A0 for
2
ACB  41.81...  sin ACB 
3
Score M0A0 for (no sin rule used)
(2)
(b)   2 
180   sin 1   
 
  3  M1
(Obtuse ACB = )
Attempts to find obtuse ACB but ignore how it is referenced i.e. just look
for an attempt at the calculation

(Angle ABC =) awrt 11.81 Awrt

11.81 (Must be seen in (b)) A1
(2)
Note that in (c) and (d), the M marks are available for using ABC as
41.81… if the candidate clearly thinks that this is ABC – this may be
seen labelled on the diagram at B or is clearly their answer to part (b)
(c) Attempts to use Area of triangle
1 1 ab sin C M1
4 x  3 x  sin'11.81'
2 2
20 = formula with A = 20, 4x,
3x and their 11.81°
x 2  16.29 Proceeds using correct arithmetic dM1
and fully correct processing to x 
2

…
Question Scheme Marks
Dependent on previous mark.
x  4.04 Awrt 4.04 A1
(3)

(d) Attempts the cosine rule to obtain a value for AC:

AC 2   4  "4.04"  3  "4.04"  2   4  "4.04"3  "4.04" cos "11.81" 
2 2

 AC  ...

 4  "4.04"
2
4  "4.04"2
Condone poor bracketing e.g. rather than
Or uses area to obtain a value for AC:
1
 4" x " AC sin 30  20  AC  ... M1
Uses 2
Or sine rule to obtain a value for AC:
AC 3  '' x ''
  AC  ...
sin''11.81'' sin 30
or
AC 4  '' x ''
  AC  ...
sin''11.81'' sin(TheirACB )

 AC  4.96
Awrt 4.96 (allow also awrt 4.95) This comes from
A1
1 20 20
 4" x " AC sin 30  20  AC    4.95...
2 x 4.04

(2)
(9 marks)
Question Scheme Marks
10 (a)
M1
Uses

A1
oe

Uses M1

A1

(4)
(b) 4
BC 2  102  52  2 10  5  '' '' M1
Uses 5
BC  205 A1
(2)
(6 marks)
Notes
(a)
1
M1: Uses the formula Area  2 ab sin C in an attempt to find the value of sin θ or 
3
sin  
A1: 5 oe This may be implied by   awrt 36.9 or awrt 0.644 (radians)
M1: Uses their value of sin  to find two values of cos  This may be scored via the formula
cos   1  sin  or by a triangle method. Also allow the use of a graphical calculator or candidates may
2 2

just write down the two values. The values must be symmetrical  k
4
cos   
A1: 5 or  0.8 Condone these values appearing from 0.79....
(b)
M1: Uses a suitable method of finding the longest side. For example chooses the negative value (or
the obtuse angle) and proceeds to find BC using the cosine rule. Alternatively works out BC using
both values and chooses the larger value. If stated the cosine rule should be correct (with a minus
sign). Note if the sign is +ve and the acute angle is chosen the correct value will be seen. It is how-
ever M0 A0
A1: BC  205