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6th Session

The document discusses solving systems of linear equations. It introduces the general form of a system of linear equations Ax=b, where A is a coefficient matrix, x is a vector of unknown variables, and b is a vector of constants. It describes row reduction operations that can transform the matrix A into reduced row echelon form to solve the system of equations. Backward substitution is then used to systematically calculate the values of the variables.

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Alireza
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33 views

6th Session

The document discusses solving systems of linear equations. It introduces the general form of a system of linear equations Ax=b, where A is a coefficient matrix, x is a vector of unknown variables, and b is a vector of constants. It describes row reduction operations that can transform the matrix A into reduced row echelon form to solve the system of equations. Backward substitution is then used to systematically calculate the values of the variables.

Uploaded by

Alireza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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n m



 E : a x + · · · + a n xn = b





E : a x + · · · + a n xn = b







 Em : am x + · · · + amn xn = bm

n (x! , ..., x!n ) n


Ax = b
     
a ··· a n b  x
 
     
A=

,
 b=
 ,
 x=
 .

     
am ··· amn bm xn

b∈
/ C(A)

b ∈ C(A), N (A) = { }

b ∈ C(A), N (A) "= { }



 x + y − z =


x + y − z =



− x − y + z =


 x + y − z =


y + z =



 y + z =



 x + y − z =


y + z =



 z =

Backward Substitution

Elementary Operation

j i

E → Ej
i
E → Ei
j

Ei → αEi , α "=

j i

Ej → Ei + E j

Ej → αEi + Ej

U pper T riangular M atrix

+ ,
A b Augmented M atrix Ax = b
+ ,
U c
Ux = c


 x − x =


x + x =



 x + x − x =

A Row Echelon f orm

A Reduced Row Echelon f orm

Ax = b

+ , + , Ax = b

··· c U c

A b Ax = b

x! , x! , · · · , xsn tar b

x! [A! ] + · · · + x!n [A!n ] = b

A b A b
!
Ax =

A ∈ Rm×n

Ax = b b ∈ Rm

A b ∈ Rm

Rm A

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