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UL-muscles of Back

This document describes the back, landmarks, shoulder girdle, and muscles of the back. It outlines the primary and secondary curvatures of the spine. Key landmarks include the scapula, acromion process, iliac crest, and sacrum. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle bones and sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints. The muscles of the back are divided into superficial, intermediate, and deep layers, with the superficial layer containing the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and levator scapulae muscles. The origins, insertions, inner

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Chloe Bujuoir
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22 views17 pages

UL-muscles of Back

This document describes the back, landmarks, shoulder girdle, and muscles of the back. It outlines the primary and secondary curvatures of the spine. Key landmarks include the scapula, acromion process, iliac crest, and sacrum. The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula and clavicle bones and sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints. The muscles of the back are divided into superficial, intermediate, and deep layers, with the superficial layer containing the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and levator scapulae muscles. The origins, insertions, inner

Uploaded by

Chloe Bujuoir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The back

Curvatures
• Primary – Concave Anteriorly (Thoracic,Sacral)
• Secondry – Convex Anteriorly (Cervical , Lumbar)
Back - landmarks
Landmarks
Scapula – 2nd to 7th rib
Acromion – top of shoulder
Crest of spine – from acromion medially, downwards
Medial border and inf. angle of scapula - palpable
Iliac Crest – curved bony ridge below the waist
ASIS – Ant. end of iliac crest
PSIS – Shallow dimple above buttock
approx. 5 cm from median plane
Sacrum – Lies between two dimples of PSIS
Coccyx – Between buttocks in median plane
Spine of C-7 – at root of neck
External Occipital protrubance – In Median Plane
Superior Nuchal Lines – On either side

T3 spine at level of spine of scapula


T7 spine at level of inferior angle of scapula
L4 – highest point of iliac crest
S2 - At PSIS
Shoulder Girdle
Bones – Scapula
-- Clavicle
Joints – Sterno-clavicular
Acromio-clavicular
Muscles of the Back

Three groups:

• Superficial - muscles that act on the upper limb


• Intermediate - muscles of thorax
• Deep - muscles of vertebral column
Muscles of the Back
Muscles of the Back

5 pairs of muscles in the superficial layer


• Trapezius
• Latissimus dorsi
Under Cover of Trepezius
• Rhomboid major
• Rhomboid minor
• Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Origin
• Medial 2/3 of superior nuchal line
• Ligamentum Nuche
• 7th cervical spine
• All thoracic vertebral spines
(T1 – T12)
Insertion
Upper or occipital fibres
–post. Border of lat. 1/3 of clavicle
Middle fibres
– Medial border of Acromion
-- Upper lip of crest of spine
Lower fibres – Deltoid Tubercle
N. Supply
Proprioceptive – conveyed by ventral rami
of C3 and C4
Motor Fibres – Spinal part of Accessory Nerve

Main Action
Elevate Scapula
– Upper Fibres with Levator Scapulae
Retract Scapula
– Middle Fibres with Rhomboids
Forward Rotation of Scapula
– Upper and Lower Fibres with Serratus Ant.
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin
• Post 1/3 of outer lip of iliac crest
• Post Layer of Thoracolumbar Fascia
• Lower Four ribs
• Spines of T7 – T12
• Inferior Angle of Scapula

Insertion
Floor of intertubercular sulcus
( Bicipital Groove)
Latissimus Dorsi

Nerve Supply
Nerve to L. Dorsi ( Thoracodorsal Nerve)
(From post. Cord)

Action
Adduction
Extension and
Medial rotation of Shoulder

Swimming , Climbing

Costal fibres help in inspiration

Rest in violent expiration


– Coughing , Sneezing
Levator Scapulae
Origin
Tr. Process of C1 - C4
Insertion
Medial (Vertebral border of Scapula)
from Sup. Angle to apex of spine
N. Supply
C3 C4
N. to Rhomboids (Dorsal Scapular Nerve)
Action
Elevate Scapula with Trepezius ( Upper Fibres)
Rhomboideus Major
Origin
Spine of T2 – T5
Insertion
Dorsal aspect of medial border from inferior angle to root of spine

Rhomboideus Minor
Origin
Lower part of Ligamentum Nuchae
Spine of C7 and T1
Insertion
Apex of Spine

Action
Retract scapula with Tr. Middle Fibres
Rotate Scapula and depress shoulder with levator scapulae

Both supplied by Nerve to Rhomboids ( Br Of Root)


Movements

Elevation of Scapula (Shrugging of Shoulders)


Upper fibres of Trepezius
Levator Scapulae
Depression of Scapula(drooping of Shoulders)
Gravity
Lower fibres of Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor
Protraction of Scapula(Pushing and Punching movements)
Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Minor
Retraction of Scapula(Squaring of Shoulders)
Rhomboids
Middle fibres of Trepezius
Forward Rotation of Scapula (Overhead abduction of Shoulder)
Upper fibres of Trepezius
Lower fibres of Serratus Anterior
Backward rotation of Scapula
Gravity
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboids

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