Lab 3 - Fourier Transform - 2023 - 24
Lab 3 - Fourier Transform - 2023 - 24
COURSE 1 BERT 1
DATE 7/12/2023
TOTAL MARKS
1.0 OBJECTIVES
2.0 EQUIPMENT
1. MATLAB® software.
There are many important non-periodic functions, such as a unit step or an exponential
function, that we cannot represent by a Fourier series. Thus, Fourier transform (FT) is used
to represent a non-periodic function into its frequency spectrum by assuming that a non-
periodic function is a periodic function with an infinite period.
Figure 1: Effect of increasing period, T on the spectrum of the periodic pulse train.
Page 2 of 8
The functions f(t) and F(ω) are related as follows:
𝐹𝑇
𝑓(𝑡) ⇔ 𝐹(𝜔) (Eq.1)
∞
𝐹(𝜔) = ∫−∞ 𝑓(𝑡)𝑒 −𝑗𝜔𝑡 𝑑(𝑡) (Eq.2)
Since both functions are convertible, the inverse Fourier transform of F(ω) will produce
f(t) through the following expression:
1 ∞
𝑓(𝑡) = ∫ 𝐹(𝜔)𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑡 𝑑𝜔
2𝜋 −∞
(Eq.3)
In this laboratory session, the Fourier Transform for a rectangular pulse will be
investigated. A rectangular function is also known as a gate function and often denoted as
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡(𝑡⁄𝜏 ), where is the pulse width. The gate function with an amplitude of 1 is defined
by the following expression:
1 |𝑡| < 𝜏⁄2
𝑡
𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 ( ) = { (Eq.4)
𝜏
0 |𝑡| > 𝜏⁄2
Page 3 of 8
4.0 PRE-REQUIST KNOWLEDGE
a) What is the function that can be used in Matlab to calculate the DFT?
5.0 PRE-LAB
1. Calculate the FT for a gate function if the pulse width of the function is:
(i) 10 seconds
Page 4 of 8
(ii) 5 seconds
6.0 PROCEDURE
Page 5 of 8
3. Use 10 seconds and 5 seconds as inputs for first pulse and second pulse.
Page 6 of 8
4. Record your results.
5. What is your observation if the pulse width is changed to a value greater and less
the values in Step 2? Record your results.
Page 7 of 8
8.0 EXPERIMENT RESULTS
9.0 CONCLUSION
Page 8 of 8