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Etapa Localǎ Alba

1) The problem shows that √A + 2011⋅B + 2010 is a natural number, where A and B are defined as the sums of series. 2) It proves an identity relating a binomial expression and establishes an equation to determine the natural number n satisfying the equation. 3) It proves that [B1D1] is parallel to [AC] and that AC is parallel to B1D1, given a parallelogram ABCD and points B1, D1, H constructed on it. 4) It calculates the measures of the angles of a trapezoid ABCD given some conditions and proves that one of its base lengths is equal to 1 +
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
26 views5 pages

Etapa Localǎ Alba

1) The problem shows that √A + 2011⋅B + 2010 is a natural number, where A and B are defined as the sums of series. 2) It proves an identity relating a binomial expression and establishes an equation to determine the natural number n satisfying the equation. 3) It proves that [B1D1] is parallel to [AC] and that AC is parallel to B1D1, given a parallelogram ABCD and points B1, D1, H constructed on it. 4) It calculates the measures of the angles of a trapezoid ABCD given some conditions and proves that one of its base lengths is equal to 1 +
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ETAPA LOCALǍ ALBA

1. Fie numerele A=2+4 +6+. .. .+4020 si


1 1
( )( )
B= 1− ⋅ 1− ⋅.. . .. ⋅ 1−
2 3
1
2011 . ( )
Arǎtati cǎ √ A +2011 ⋅B+2010 este numǎr natural .

2. a) Arǎtati cã :
2n−1
n+1
1 1
( 1
= ⋅ n − n+1
( 2 +1 )⋅( 2 +1 ) 2 2 +1 2 + 1
n ) .
b) Determinati numǎrul natural nenul n astfel încât :
1 2 4 2n−1 22010 −1
+ + + .. . + n =
3⋅5 5⋅9 9⋅17 ( 2 +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) 3⋅( 22011 +1 ) .

3. Fie ABCD un paralelogram cu m ( ∠ DAB ) < 90 ) . Construim BE^AD, (EÎ(AD)), DF ^AB,
(FÎ(AB)) si {H}=BEÇDF. Dacǎ B1Î(HB astfel încât [HB1]º[AD] si D1Î(HD astfel încât [HD1] º [AB],
se cere:
a) Arǎtati cǎ [B1D1] º [AC] ;
b) Demonstrati cǎ AC^ B1D1 .

m (∠ B ) 3
=
4. Fie trapezul ABCD cu bazele AB si CD . Stiind cǎ : m ( ∠ D ) 4 si AB=AC=AD , calculati :
a) mǎsurile unghiurilor trapezului ABCD ;
CD 2
=
b) Arǎtati cǎ AB 1+ √ 5 .
REZOLVARE
2010⋅2011
A=2⋅
1. A=2⋅( 1+2+3+. ..+2010 ) Û 2 Û A=2010⋅2011 .

B= ( 12 )⋅( 23 )⋅( 34 )⋅ .. .. .⋅(2009


Û 2010 2011 )
)
1 ⋅(
2010
A=
2011 (dupǎ efectuarea simplificǎrilor).

Atunci√ A +2011 ⋅B+2010 = √


2010⋅2011+2011⋅
1
2011
+2010
Û
√ A +2011 ⋅B+2010 =√ 2010⋅2011+ 2011 Û√ A +2011⋅B+2010 =√ 20112 =2011∈ N .

1 n n n 1 n+1 n
n−1 ⋅( 2 +2 −2 ) n−1 ⋅( 2 −2 )
2 2 2 2
= n = n
a) ( 2n
+1 )⋅( 2 n+1
+1 ) ( 2 +1 )⋅( 2 n+1
+1 ) Û ( 2n
+1 )⋅( 2 n+1
+1 ) ( 2 +1 )⋅( 2 n+1 +1 )
2.

[
1 ( 2 +1 ) −( 2 + 1 )
]
n+1 n
2n−1
= ⋅ n
Û
( 2n
+1 )⋅( 2 n+1
+1 ) 2 ( 2 + 1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 )
Û
2n−1 1
= ⋅
[ ( 2n+1 +1 )

( 2n +1 )
( 2n +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) 2 ( 2n +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) ( 2n +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) ] 2n−1
Û ( 2 +1 )⋅( 2 +1 )
n n+1
1 1
= ⋅ n − n+1
1
2 2 +1 2 +1 . ( )
b) Aplicǎm de mai multe ori relatia de la punctul a) :
1
= 1
1
=
1

1

1
(
3⋅5 ( 2 +1 )⋅( 22 +1 ) 2 21 +1 22 +1
;
)
2
= 2
2
=
1

1

( 1 4
)
=
4
=
5⋅9 ( 2 + 1 )⋅( 23 + 1 ) 2 2 +1 2 +1 9⋅17 ( 23 +1 )⋅( 2 4 +1 ) 2 2 +1 2 +1
2 3
;
1
⋅ 3
1

(4
1
; ……. ;
)
[
1 ( 2 +1 ) −( 2 + 1 )
]
n+1 n
2n−1
= ⋅
( 2n +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) 2 ( 2n + 1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) . Adunând membru cu mebru obtinem :
1 2
+ +
4
3⋅5 5⋅9 9⋅17
+ ... + n
2n−1
=
1 1
⋅ −
( 1
+
1

1
+
1
( 2 +1 )⋅( 2n+1+1 ) 2 21+1 22+1 22+1 23+1 23+1 24+1

1
+...+
1

1
2n +1 2n+1 +1 Û )
1 2
+ +
4
3⋅5 5⋅9 9⋅17
+ .. . + n
2n−1
=
1 1
⋅ −
(
1
)
( 2 +1 )⋅( 2n+1+1 ) 2 21+1 2n+1+1 . Dar din ipotezǎ :
2n−1 22010 −1 22010 −1
( )
1 2 4 1 1 1
+ + + .. . + n = ⋅ −
3⋅5 5⋅9 9⋅17 ( 2 +1 )⋅( 2n+1 +1 ) 3⋅( 22011 +1 ) . Obtinem deci : 2 21 +1 2n+1 +1 = 3⋅( 22011 +1 )
22010 −1 2⋅( 22010 −1 )
Û
1 1
⋅ −
( 1
)
2 3 2 n+1 +1 3⋅( 22011 +1 )
= Û 21
1
(
+1
− n+1
1
)
2 +1 = 3⋅( 22011+ 1 ) Û
22011 −2 [ ( 22011 +1 )−3 ]
( 1 1
− n+1
3 2 +1 ) = 3⋅( 2
2011
1

( 1
) 1

1 1

3
(
+1 ) Û 3 2n+1 +1 = 3⋅( 22011 +1 ) Û 3 2n+1 +1 = 3 3⋅( 22011 +1 ) )
1 1
n+1
Û2 +1 = 22011+ 1 Ûn=2010 .

3.

a) ÐD1HB1 ºÐ EHF (opuse la vârf)


Þ m(ÐD1HB1) = 360°– m(ÐAEH) – m(ÐAFH) – m(ÐEAF) Û
m(ÐD1HB1)= 360°– 90° – 90°– m(ÐA) Û
m(ÐD1HB1) = 180°– m(ÐA) Û
m(ÐD1HB1) = m(ÐABC) (*) .

ΔD1HB1 si ΔABC¿{[D 1 H ]≡[ AB] (din ipotezã ) ¿ {[HB 1]≡[BC ] (deoarece [HB 1]≡[ AD] si [ AD]≡[BC ] din ipotezã ) ¿ ¿
Þ
ÞDD1HB1 º DABC (cazul L.U.L.) Þ[B1D1] º [AC] .

b) Notǎm cu G intersectia perpendicularei dusǎ din B pe AC si cu I intersectia dreptelor AC si BE .


m(ÐGBI) = 90°– m(ÐGIB) =90°– m(ÐAIE) = m(ÐEAI) = m(ÐICB) (alterne interne) (**) .
Din punctul a) , deoarece DD1HB1 º DABC Þ m(ÐHB1D1) = m(ÐACB) = m(ÐICB) (***) .
Din (**) si (***) Þ m(ÐGBI) = m(ÐHB1D1) Þ ÐGBI ºÐHB1D1 (corespondente).
Conform unei consecinte a teoremei reciproce a teoremei de existentǎ a dreptelor paralele Þ
B1D1//BG si deoarece BG ^ AC Þ B1D1^ AC .
4. a) m(ÐD) = m(ÐACD) si m(ÐACB) = m(ÐB) deoarece D ADC si DACB sunt isoscele ,
Þ m(ÐACD) + m(ÐACB) = m(ÐD) +m(ÐB) Þ
m(ÐC) = m(ÐD) +m(ÐB) (*) .Dar AB // DC Þ
m(ÐC) +m(ÐB) = 180°(**)sim(ÐD) +m(ÐA) = 180°(***) .
m (∠ B ) 3
=
Din ipotezã m ( ∠ D ) 4 Þ 4×m(ÐB) = 3×m(ÐD) (****) .
Avem deci de rezolvat urmãtorul sistem de ecuatii :

{m(∠C)=m(∠D)+m(∠B)¿{m(∠C)+m(∠B)=180 ¿{m(∠D)+m(∠A)=180 ¿ {180-m(∠B)=m(∠D)+m(∠B)¿{m(∠C)+m(∠B)=180 ¿{m(∠D)+m(∠A)=180 ¿


∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
Û

Û
{ { { {2
∘ ∘ ∘ 180∘=5⋅m(∠D) ¿{m(∠C)+m(∠B)=180∘ ¿{m(∠D)+m(∠A)=180∘ ¿ ∘ ∘ ∘
180 =m(∠D)+2⋅m(∠B)¿m(∠C)+m(∠B)=180 ¿m(∠D)+m(∠A)=180 ¿
Û
180∘−m ( ∠ A )
{m(∠D)=72 ¿{m(∠C)=126 ¿{m(∠A)=108¿
Û .

m ( ∠ ADB )=m ( ∠ ABD )= =36∘


b) Fie AC^ DB={O}. AD = AB ÞDADB este isoscel Þ 2 .
∘ ∘ ∘
180 −m ( ∠ ADC )−m ( ∠ ACD ) 180 −2⋅72
m ( ∠ DAC )= = =36∘
DADC este isoscel Þ 2 2 .
Deoarecem ( ∠ ADB )=m ( ∠ DAC ) Þ AO =DO (*). Dar ÐDOC este unghi exterior în DDOA Þ
m(ÐDOC) = m(ÐODA) + m(ÐDAO) = 2× 36°=72° = m(ÐDCO)ÞDDOC este isoscel Þ DO = OC (**).
AO BO AB
= =
DAOB ~DCOD (au câte 2 unghiuri congruente ). De aici obtinem : OC OD DC Þ AO⋅DC=OC⋅AB .
2
Tinând cont de (*) (**) avem : DC =OC⋅AB=( AC−AO )⋅AB=( AB−DC )⋅AB=AB 2 −DC⋅AB .

Din DC 2 =AB 2 −DC⋅AB obtinem ecuatia de gradul al doilea : DC 2 +DC⋅AB−AB 2 =0 .


−b±√ b2 −4 ac
2
( x )1, 2 =
Rezolvând ecuatia de gradul al doilea ax +bx+c=0 cu formulele 2a obtinem :
− AB±√ AB2 +4 AB 2 − AB± AB √5
( DC )1 , 2= ( DC )1 , 2=
2 Û 2 .
− AB+ AB √ 5
DC=
Evident convine doar solutia poztivǎ, deci : 2 Þ
AB⋅( √ 5−1 ) AB⋅( √ 5−1 )⋅( √5+1 ) AB⋅( 5−1 ) 2 AB CD 2
DC= = = = =
2 2⋅( √5+1 ) 2⋅( √5+1 ) ( √ 5+1 ) Þ AB 1+ √ 5 .

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