UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

P.M.B. 1154,

BENIN CITY.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
REPORT ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(SIWES)

AT

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL/STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING , UNIVERSITY OF BENIN PMB 1154, BENIN CITY ..

BY

TIETIE DESTINY OGHENETEGA

ENG1805017

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (B.ENG) DEGREE IN THE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING,

UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY.

JUNE 2023.
 STUDENT DECLARATION

ENABUNLELE NOSAKHARE CHUKWUNONSO, hereby declare that the Presented report of internship is
uniquely prepared by me after the completion of my STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE
SCHEME (SIWES) at DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL/STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN.I also confirm that the report is only prepared for my academic
requirement and not for Any other purpose. It might not be used with the interest of opposite
party of the Corporation

__________________________

TIETIE DESTINY OGHENETEGA

ENG1805017
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that TIETIE DESTINY OGHENETEGA of matriculation Number

ENG1805017 wrote this report on his Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme(SIWES) at
CIVIL/STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF BENIN PMB
1154 BENIN CITY. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (B. ENG) in CIVIL ENGINEERING.

TIETIE DESTINY.O

Student Industrial Based Supervisor

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With great pleasure I acknowledge the Industrial Training Fund for the scheme purposed to equip
students. I am grateful to my supervisor ENGR.WAILA for putting me through and making sure
I met the SIWES requirements. I must remain thankful to

ENGR.SANI

ENGR.AUSTIN

ENGR.FIDELIS

ENHR.MRS GLORIA

ENGR.

For their unwavering support and direction throughout the internship period

Lastly, I remain very thankful to my parents MR and Mrs FAMOUS TIETIE for their prayers
and support that contributed to my training immensely.
 ABSTRACT

This report is based on the actual experience gained while performing Industrial Training
at Civil and Structural engineering department University of Benin for six (6) consecutive
months. The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Program offers Nigerian
students in Higher Institutions the opportunity to gain work experience. It is a skill program
organized by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) to expose and prepare students of Universities,
Polytechnics, Colleges of Agriculture and Colleges of Education to gain industry-based skills
necessary for the transition from the classroom to the world of work.

The purpose of this report Is to present the experience and skill acquired within the six months of
training to the university, in order to fulfill the equipment for the award of Bachelor Degree in
Engineering, to understand the aspect of the theoretical work studied.The main body of the report
deals on the activities carried out in the lab where I was assigned during the course of my
Industrial Training. The training was basically done in the laboratory .some of the test carried out
includes the CBR TEST, COMPACTION TEST, SHEAR BOX TEST, TRIAXIAL TEST. The
report also shows the benefits of the training to my field of study, necessary skills acquired, the
findings made, the limitations faced and the recommendations made. The report outlines the
experiences and skills gained during the industrial training period, Followed by the challenges
faced during this period.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER PAGE I

TITLE PAGE I
DECLARATION III
LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE IV
LETTER OF CERTIFICATE V
ACKNOWLEDGMENT VI
DEDICATION VII
ABSTRACT VIII
TABLE OF CONTENT IX-XII
LIST OF FIGURES XIII-XVI
LIST OF TABLES XVII

ABBREVIATION XVIII

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1( SIWES)

1.2 VISION / MISSION OF ( SIWES)

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE TRAINING
1.4 ORGANOGRAM
1.5 COMPANYS’S PROFILE
1.5.1 WHAT WE DO.

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 DETAILED INTERNS’ ROLE/RESPONSIBILITY AND DAILY ACTIVITIES
2.1 FOUNDATION
2.2 TYPES OF FOUNDATION
2.2.1 SITE OBSERVATION ON PAD FOUNDATION.
2.2.2 SITE OBSERVATION ON RAFT (MAT) FOUNDATION
2.2.3 SITE OBSERVATION on STRIP FOUNDATION
2.2.4 SITE Observation on PILE FOUNDATION
2.3 DETERMINATION OF TEST AT THE STRUCTURAL SECTION
2.3.1 FLEXURAL ( BENDING ) TEST
2.3.2 DETERMINATION OF STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BY DESTRUCTIVE METHOD

2.3.3 SLUMP CONE TEST

2.4 DETERMINATION OF TEST AT THE SOIL SECTION
2.4.1 CBR TEST
2.4.2 TRIAXIAL TEST
2.4.3 COMPACTION TEST
2.4.4 SHEAR BOX TEST
2.4.5 ATTERBERG TEST

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 DISCUSSIONS, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION

3.1 SKILLS ACCUIRED DURING THE (SIWES) ATTACHMENT PROGRAM
3.2 ANALYSIS AND DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USED.
3.3 Challenges FACED DURING OPERATIONS CARRIED OUT AND THE SOLUTIONS
TAKEN.

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 CONCLUSION, LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 FINDINGS OF THE INTERN
4.2 LIMITATIONS
4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
4.4 REFERENCE

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a skill training program designed
to expose and prepare students of Nigerian Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of Education
for the industrial work situation they are likely to meet after graduation. The scheme was formed
to basically bridge the gap between the theoretical and practical worlds of various professions
like Engineering and Technology, Sciences, Agriculture, Medical, Environmental Sciences,
Technical and Science Education amongst other. (SIWES Unit, 2016). Prior to the establishment
of the scheme, there were concerns in industries that graduates of institutions of higher learning
lacked adequate practical skills necessary for employment and effective discharge of duties, thus
the creation of the scheme in1973 by the Federal Government of Nigeria. This was to afford
students the opportunity and exposure to the needed experience in handling equipment and
machinery, professional work methods, practically application of safety measures in work
environment, which are usually not available in institutions of higher learning. The Scheme runs
for a duration of Six Months for Universities a minimum of four Months for PThe scheme is
coordinated by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF), National University Commission (NUC), and
National Board of Technical Education (NBTE), Institutions Of learning and employers of labor
are also stakeholders of the scheme.It is funded by the Federal Government of Nigeria.
1.2 VISION/MISSION STATEMENT

 To equip students with the necessary practical knowledge and technical skills for self-
employment and effective involvement in Nigeria’s industrial growth.
 To provide students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in real work
situation thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice.

To Set, Regulate Training Standards And Provide Need-Based Human Capital Development
Interventions Using A Corps Of Highly Competent Professionals In Line With Global Best
9Practices.

 To Be The Leading Skills Training Organisation In Nigeria And One Of The Best In The
World.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF SIWES

The Industrial Training Fund’s Policy Document No. 1 of 1973 which established SIWES
outlined the objectives of the scheme as:

 provide platforms for students in higher institutions of learning to acquire industrial

skills and experience in their courses of study;
 To enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the entire educational process of
Preparing university graduates for employment in industry.
 To provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge to real work
situation,thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice.
 Expose students to work methods and techniques of handling equipment and machinery
that may not be available in their Institutions.
 Prepare students for the Industrial Work situation they are likely to experience after
graduation.
 SIWES also provides students the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive for
effective inter-personal relationships.

1.4 ORGANOGRAM
1.5 COMPANY’S PROFILE
The DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL/STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
WORKSHOP is a Leading laboratory with great exoertise in highway water and structural E
constructions as well as testing of various samples which is needed before a building or structure
is constructed consultancy company with a team professionals providing expert services in
various areas of engineering from planning to design and supervision of the actual construction
as well as provision of after-construction services such as maintenance.

1.5.1 WHAT WE DO

We provide consultancy services in various aspects of Civil, Structural, Geotechnical

Engineering, Surveying and Mapping, as well as Water Engineering.We also offer Testing
services which include various soil samples .
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 ACTIVITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CARRIED OUT DURING MY

INTERNSHIP

This section contains the activities carried out during my industrial training period in the
LABORATORY WORKSHOP, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL/STRUCTURAL
ENGINEERING from June 2023 to December 2023. These activities cut across academic, and
practical trainings.As at the time I was inducted into the structural section .we were first taken to
site to see some examples of foundations . When we got to class we discussed about the various
type of foundations.At the Structural section, final project was ongoing so we were told to assist
them and observe the way the test were being carried out . I then proceeded to get theoritical
lectures on what foundation is and the different type of foundations that can be used depending
on the type of soil, topography of the land, intended purpose of the structure and the bearing
capacity of the soil.

2.1 FOUNDATION

During the theoritical class, I was taught that foundation is the base level of the building
which serves two primary purpose which includes;

i. Prevent moisture and ground water from entering the structure.

ii. Transfer the loads on the building through the beams and columns to the ground.

Generally, the foundation can be classified into two, namely shallow foundation and deep
foundation

2.2 TYPES OF FOUNDATION

I was then taught on the various examples of both shallow and deep foundations and when
they are been used .These includes ;
 Pad foundation
 Raft(Mat) foundation
 Strip foundation
 Pile foundation
2.2.1 PAD FOUNDATION
 I was taught that the pad foundation is also known as isolated footings are commonly used for
shallow foundations in order to carry and spread concentrated loads, caused for example by columns or
pillars. After the class I was taken to observe site observation on pad foundation at a nearby construction
site.

Fig 1.0 pad foundation construction on site.

2.2.2 RAFT FOUNDATION

I then proceeded to learn about Raft foundation which is also referred to as Mat
foundation. It is type of foundation, which is actually a thick concrete slab resting on a large
area of soil reinforced with steel, supporting columns or walls and transfer loads from the
structure to the soil. Usually, raft foundation is spread over the entire area of the structure it is
supporting.i the went for site observation of raft foundation at eboumore quarters, Benin city.
 Fig 2.0 raft foundation construction site
2.2.3 STRIP FOUNDATION
I also learnt about strip foundation which is an example of a shallow foundation .I was made
to understand that the strip foundation is the most Common type of foundation. It is also known
as strip footing and used mainly for a residential, low rise or medium building.also they are only
used if the soil bearing capacity is good . it is used to provide support for linear structures like
walls. After the theory class, I was then asked to join a nearby site and be part of the supervision.

Fig 3.0 strip foundation construction work

2.2.4 PILE FOUNDATION
Lastly on the types of foundation I was taught that the pile foundation is a type of deep
foundation that are required in water log areas and areas where the soil bearing capacity is low
and doesn’t have enough strength to carry the load that will become to it .Also I was made to
understand that the load that requires pile foundation are much heavy loads such as bridges, high
rise buildings such as sky scrappers, and multi storey buildings.

Fig 4.0 pile foundation almost completed awaiting beam

2.3 DETERMINATION OF TEST AT THE STRUCTURAL SECTION.
 At the structural section of the laboratory workshop, final year project students where
carrying out their project and I was assigned to some of them to observe that they did also render
help where necessary. During my stay at the structural section, only 3 test was conducted and
they includes ;
 Flexural Tes
 Determination of comprehensive strength of concrete by Destructive method
 Slump cone test

2.3.1 FLEXURAL TEST

I was made to understand that the flexural test is also known as Bending test .and it is use to
check the strength of concrete beams . It check the strength of the beam by knowing the
maximum load at which the beam fails.

2.3.2 DETERMINATION OF THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BY

DESTRUCTIVE METHOD

In determining the compressive strength of concrete, I was made to understand that two
methods are been used which includes ;

 Destructive and ,
 Non Destructive method

As at the time I got to structural section , I only witnessed the destructive method which
involves the use of the compressive testing machine. i help to to oil the mould use for the
cubes that are to be use for test. The cubes are casted according to th design mix that was
calculated .it could be 1:2;4 ,1:1:3 etc . As soon as the cubes were casted , they were left
inside the mould for 24 hrs before proceeding to curing. Which could take up to 7, 14, 21,
and 28 days. At 28 days it gains ultimate strength after which we proceeded to the testing.

2.3.3 SLUMP CONE TEST

Lastly the test that was carried out during my stay at structural section was the slump cone
test. I was made to understand that the slump cone test is to determine the workability or
consistency of fresh concrete mix before it sets.

2.4 DETERMINATION OF TEST AT THE SOIL SECTION

 The soil section is the section where all the test relating to soil samples are been carried out
under the close supervision of ENGR. G.N UWAILA . Some of the test that were carried out
includes ;

 California Bearing Ratio (CBR)

 Triaxial test
 Compaction test
 Shear box test
 Atterberg test
2.4.1 CBR TEST

California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test was the first test I conducted as part of my activities in
the soil section when I newly joined the section .I was made to understand that the test is
primarily undertaken to provide data for road pavement design. It is a penetration test which is
used to evaluate the subgrade strength primarily of roads, pavements.
 Fig 5.0 intern carrying out CBR TEST and obtaining the data for road pavement designt.

2.4.2 TRIAXIAL TEST

I was also made understand how the Triaxial test is been carried out . The triaxial strength
test on soil measures the mechanical properties of the soil. The triaxial compressive tests are

commonly used to simulate in-situ stress conditions of the reservoirs and provide compressive
strength and static values of elastic constants.

Fig 6.0 intern carrying out Triaxial Test

2.4.3 COMPACTION