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Basic Integration Formula Sheet

This document provides a summary of basic integration formulas and techniques including: 1. Common integration formulas for elementary functions like u, u^2, 1/u, etc. 2. Definitions of the definite integral, Fundamental Theorems of Calculus, and properties of integration. 3. Numerical integration techniques like the midpoint rule, trapezoidal rule, and Simpson's rule to approximate integrals without closed-form solutions.

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2K views

Basic Integration Formula Sheet

This document provides a summary of basic integration formulas and techniques including: 1. Common integration formulas for elementary functions like u, u^2, 1/u, etc. 2. Definitions of the definite integral, Fundamental Theorems of Calculus, and properties of integration. 3. Numerical integration techniques like the midpoint rule, trapezoidal rule, and Simpson's rule to approximate integrals without closed-form solutions.

Uploaded by

bihanichandresh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Integration Formula Sheet

Basic Integration Formulas 0 du = 0 du = u + C k du = ku + C un+1 u du = n+1


n

Created by MSW http://www.nvcc.edu/home/mwesterho

Integration Formulas u = arcsin +C a a2 u2 1 u = arctan +C a a a2 + u2 du 1 |u| = arcsec +C a a u u2 a2 du du

Denite (Riemann) Integral


n ||0|| b

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus I (FTC I)


b

f (x) dx = F (b) F (a) f (x) dx


a

lim

f (ci )xi =
i=1 a

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus II (FTC II) d dx d dx


x

Partitions of equal width: |||| = x Partitions of unequal width: |||| = max(xi ) Continuity Integrability The Converse is NOT True (see example below)

f (t) dt = f (x)
a u

f (t) dt = f (u)u (with chain rule)


a

(for n = 1) Summation Formulas

Mean Value Theorem for Integration


2

cos u du = sin u + C sin u du = cos u + C sec u du = tan u + C sec u tan u du = sec u + C csc2 u du = cot u + C csc u cot u du = csc u + C eu du = eu + C au du = 1 ln a au + C, a > 0
2

Example: = a1 + a2 + . . . + an
0

x dx = 1

f (x) dx = f (c)(b a), where c [a, b]


a

i=1 n

Area of a Region c = cn Area of the region bounded by the graph of f , x-axis, and x = a and x = b
b

Average Value of a Function on [a, b] f (c) = 1 ba


b

i=1 n

f (x) dx
a

n(n + 1) i= 2 i=1
n

i2 =
i=1 n

n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 6

Area =
a

f (x) dx

Substitution Method for Integration Let u = g(x), then


b

n2 (n + 1)2 i3 = 4 i=1
n

Properties of Integration
a

du = g (x) du = g (x)dx, dx
b g(b)

i4 =
i=1

n(2n + 1)(n +

1)(3n2 30

+ 3n 1)

1.
a a

f (x) dx = 0
b

f (g(x))g (x) dx
a a

f (u) du
g(a)

f (u) du

2.
b

f (x) dx =
a b c

f (x) dx
b

Numerical Integration Note: Many integrals do not have closed form solutions, so we must use numerical techniques.
n

Area of a Region in a Plane 3.


n

f (x) dx =
a a b

f (x) +
c b

f (x) dx

1 du = ln |u| + C u tan u du = ln|cos x| + C cot u du = ln|sin x| + C sec u du = ln|sec x + tan x| + C csc u du = ln|csc x + cot x| + C

I.R. = lim

f (mi )x
i=1 n

4.
a

kf (x) dx = k
a

f (x) dx

Midpoint Rule: f (x) dx


i=1 b

xi + xi1 2
n

C.R. = lim

f (Mi )x
i=1 n

5.

[f (x)dx g(x) k(x)] dx =


b b b

Trapezoidal Rule:
a

f (x) dx
i=1

f (xi ) + f (xi1 ) 2

Area = lim

f (ri )x
i=1

f (x)
a b a

g(x) dx
a

k(x) dx E

where ri [xi1 , xi ] Left Endpoints: a + b(i 1)x, for i = 1, . . . , n Right Endpoints: a + bix, for i = 1, . . . , n x = (b a)/n

(b a)3 [max |f (x)|], for x [a, b] 12n2

6. 0
a

f (x) dx for f non-negative


b b

7. If f (x) g(x)
a

f (x) dx
a b

f (x) dx ba [f (x0 ) + 4f (x1 ) + 2f (x2 ) + 4f (x3 ) + + 4f (xn1 ) + f (xn )] 3n

Simpsons Rule:
a

f (x) dx

(b a)5 [max |f (4) (x)|], for x [a, b] 180n4

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