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Research Methods Approaches

Research methods can be categorized as quantitative, qualitative, or mixed. Quantitative research uses numerical data and statistics to generalize results, while qualitative research seeks to understand people's experiences through methods like interviews. Mixed research combines both approaches. The choice depends on whether the goal is to measure phenomena or explore and explain it through open-ended questions. Both have distinct designs, strengths, and appropriate uses.

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24 views

Research Methods Approaches

Research methods can be categorized as quantitative, qualitative, or mixed. Quantitative research uses numerical data and statistics to generalize results, while qualitative research seeks to understand people's experiences through methods like interviews. Mixed research combines both approaches. The choice depends on whether the goal is to measure phenomena or explore and explain it through open-ended questions. Both have distinct designs, strengths, and appropriate uses.

Uploaded by

xedrichandrei
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Research Methods/Approaches

Research Method – It is a strategy in collection of data for analysis to come up


with new information or to understand a particular topic or phenomenon

Research Design – It is a plan implemented to achieve the objects of the study


or to answer the research questions

3 Types of Research Methods


1. Quantitative Research – It is a method explaining phenomenon by
collecting numerical data that are analyzed using mathematical
method particularly statistics

 It is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical


data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics

2. Qualitative Research – It seeks to capture information that often can’t


be expressed numerically

 These methodologies often include some level of interpretation


from researchers as they collect information via Observation,
Coded Survey or Interview Responses.

 It seeks to gain insights and understand people’s experiences and


perspective by studying social organizations and human behavior

 The data focuses on people’s beliefs and emotional responses

3. Mixed Research Method – It is an approach to inquiry involving


collecting both Quantitative and Qualitative Data, integrating the two
forms of data, and using distinct designs that may involve
philosophical assumptions and theoretical frameworks
Quantitative Research VS Qualitative Research
 Quantitative research is a deductive, objective process of inquiry
where the variables in study are measured in numbers and analyzed
using statistical procedures in order to describe or make
generalizations and reported in formal, impersonal language

Qualitative Quantitative

 Multiple Realities  Single Reality


 Small Sample  Large Sample
 Reality is Socially Constructed  Reality is Objective
 Reality is Context Interrelated  Reality is Context Free
 Holistic  Reductionist
 Uses Multiple Methods that are  Observes and Measures
Interactive and Humanistic Information Numerically
 Strong Philosophical  Strong Theoretical Base
Perspective  Reasoning is Deductive and
 Reasoning is Inductive Inductive
 Discovery of Meaning is the  Cause and Effect Relationship
Basis of Knowledge are the Bases of Knowledge

Qualitative Quantitative

 Develops Theory/New  Test Theory


Knowledge  Tests or Verifies Theory
 Takes place in the natural  Theory Developed in End
setting  Outcome Oriented
 Theory Developed During  Control Important
Study  Basic Element of Analysis is
 Meaning of Concepts Numbers
 Process Oriented  Researcher Views Social
 Control Unimportant  More Generalization
 Basic Element of Analysis is  Description Based
Words
 Relates Variables
 Less Generalization
 Statistical Based
When to Use Qualitative or Quantitative?

Qualitative Quantitative

It seeks to explore, explain and It seeks to confirm a hypothesis


understand phenomena – What? about a phenomena – How many?
Why?

Data provided as a narrative, Data is in the form of numbers and


pictures or objects statistical results

Methods Less Structured – The data Highly Structured Methods – The


are gathered through Interviews, data gathered are through the use of
Observations, Content and Analysis Tools, Equipment, and
Questionnaires

It asks open-ended questions in an It asks closed-minded questions that


effort to explore give quantifiable answers

Research Designed has Flexibility Research design is highly structured


– It can emerge and evolve as study and laid out in advance of the study
develops

Results may be Presented Results are documented using


Subjectively – It may reveal biases, objective language
values or experiences that impact
how the results are interpreted

Qualitative Research Type/Method


1. Phenomenological Research
2. Grounded Theory
3. Ethnography
4. Case Study
5. Heuristic Method
6. Counter Analysis

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