TCAS

MEMORY ITEM

Intruder TCAS Procedure with TCAS Procedure without

TCAS Panel Conclusion
Classification AP/FD TCAS MODE AP/FD TCAS MODE

i i PROC PROC i

© Achilleas Gavriilidis 2020

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Intruder Classification

Intruders Classified in FOUR levels:

Other Proximate Traffic Resolution

Intruders Intruders Advisory (TA) Advisory (RA)

PDF Indications with AP/FD TCAS mode * i

PDF Indications without AP/FD TCAS mode i
ND Indications i
* NOTE: TCAS RA Procedure without AP/FD TCAS mode shall
be followed for commonality across Aegean fleet
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PFD Indications with AP/FD TCAS mode

GREEN AREA:
RECOMMENDED V/S RANGE

RED AREA:
RISK OF CONFLICT

THE FD BARS FOLLOW

THE TCAS ORDER

NOTE: TCAS RA Procedure without AP/FD TCAS mode shall be

followed for commonality across Aegean fleet
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PFD Indications without AP/FD TCAS mode

GREEN AREA:
RECOMMENDED V/S RANGE

RED AREA:
RISK OF CONFLICT
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ND Indications

OTHER
INTRUDER
PROXIMATE
INTRUDER

TA INTRUDER
RA INTRUDER

INFORMATION ABOUT THE TWO MOST DANGEROUS TA/RA INTRUDERS,

IF THE BEARING OF THE INTRUDER IS NOT AVAILABLE
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TCAS Panel
MODE Selector:

On the MODE selector, TA/RA displays all intruders

TA can be selected:
• Automatically, when TA/RA is selected, in case of windshear, stall, GPWS
message, or when a/c below 1000 ft AGL, or
• Manually on the TCAS Panel in Engine Out conditions, for flights with the landing
gear down, or when operating near closely spaced runways.

TRAFFIC Selector:

The TRAFFIC selector affects only the display of proximate

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and other intruders.
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TRAFFIC Selector
CLIMB CRUISE DESCENT

Intruders are displayed only

In case of DENSE TRAFFIC, use THRT:
when TA or RA are present
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Traffic Advisory with AP/FD TCAS Mode

“TRAFFIC TRAFFIC”

PF PM
TCAS MODE.......................................... CHECK ARMED
i TCAS MODE............................................................. CHECK ARMED

ANNOUNCE.................................................................. “TCAS BLUE” ANNOUNCE.................................................................... “CHECKED”

ND.......................................................... ADJUST RANGE (IF RQRD) ND.......................................................... ADJUST RANGE (IF RQRD)
If A/THR is OFF:
A/THR.................................................................................... ON

➤ Do not perform a maneuver based on a TA alone

➤ You should set the A/THR to ON to avoid triggering AUTO FLT
A/THR LIMITED alert at the A/THR activation in case of RA
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TCAS Mode..........Check ARMED

If the AP/FD TCAS mode does not immediately arm, the AP/FD TCAS mode is failed.

In that case, the PF announces

“TCAS, I HAVE CONTROL”

and the Flight Crew must be prepared to manually follow the Resolution Advisory
orders, in case of a subsequent RA.

(Refer to “TCAS RA Procedure without AP/FD TCAS mode”)

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Resolution Advisory with AP/FD TCAS Mode

“CLIMB CLIMB”

➤ If the FDs are disengaged, they

automatically engage
➤ If the A/THR is disconnected, it
automatically becomes armed or active

PF PM
or

ANNOUNCE............................................. “SPEED, TCAS” or “TCAS” ANNOUNCE.................................................................... “CHECKED”

If AP is ON:
VERTICAL SPEED .................................................... MONITOR ATC .................................................. “AEGEAN xxx, TCAS RA”
If AP is OFF:
FD ORDERS ............................................................... FOLLOW ATC .................................................. “AEGEAN xxx, TCAS RA”
If any CLIMB aural alert sounds during final approach:
TCAS MODE ORDERS ............................ MONITOR/FOLLOW ATC .................................................. “AEGEAN xxx, TCAS RA”
GO-AROUND .......................................................... CONSIDER

➤ Respect STALL, GPWS or WINDSHEAR WARNIGS GOLDEN

➤ During TCAS RA… RULES
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During TCAS RA

If the AP is OFF you can engage it.

If for any reason during an RA, the aircraft vertical speed does not reach the green
area of the vertical speed scale, disconnect the AP and override FD orders, in order
to lead the aircraft vertical speed out of the red area of the vertical speed scale. If
necessary, use the full speed range between Vαmax and Vmax.
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Clear of Conflict with AP/FD TCAS Mode

“CLEAR OF CONFLICT”

PF PM
AP/FD..................................................................MONITOR/FOLLOW ATC...................................... “AEGEAN xxx, CLEAR OF CONFLICT”

LATERAL ANDVERTICAL GUIDANCE................................ ADJUST

SPEED................................................................................... ADJUST

➤ The flight crew should engage and appropriate vertical mode, or adjust the vertical speed
target, in accordance with the latest ATC clearance.
➤ The flight crew should adjust the speed target, and revert to managed speed, as appropriate.
➤ Do not confuse the following ECAM alerts:

Flight Guidance is failed. TCAS is still available. TCAS not available

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Traffic Advisory without AP/FD TCAS Mode

“TRAFFIC TRAFFIC”

PF PM
ANNOUNCE........................................... “TCAS, I HAVE CONTROL”

ND......................................................... ADJUST RANGE (IF RQRD) ND......................................................... ADJUST RANGE (IF RQRD)

Do not maneuver based on a TA alone

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Resolution Advisory without AP/FD TCAS Mode

“CLIMB CLIMB”

PF PM
ANNOUNCE......................................................................... “AP OFF”
AP................................................................................................. OFF
ANNOUNCE....................................................................... “FDs OFF”
FD................................................................................................. OFF FD................................................................................................. OFF
ATC............................................................ “AEGEAN xxx, TCAS RA”
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➤ Respond promptly and smoothly to RA

➤ Adjust pitch in order to maintain the V/S as required
➤ Fly the green area and/or avoid the red area of the V/S scale
➤ Avoid excessive maneuvers. Check your attitude
 Why “FDs…OFF”?
CLICK TO MOVE FORWARD

TCAS RA: “DESCEND DESCEND”

 Why “FDs…OFF”?
CLICK TO MOVE FORWARD

The flight crew forgets to switch off both FDs…

When speed reaches speed limit…

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Why “FDs…OFF”?

…HIGH SPEED PROTECTION activation

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Clear of Conflict without AP/FD TCAS Mode

“CLEAR OF CONFLICT”

PF PM
ATC...................................... “AEGEAN xxx, CLEAR OF CONFLICT”
According to ATC Clearance:
ANNOUNCE......................................................................... “FDs ON”
FD................................................................................................... ON FD................................................................................................... ON

At this stage, the FMA is (V/S value is the V/S at FD engagement):

ANNOUNCE...................... “MANAGE SPEED” or “SET SPEED xxx”

SPEED.................................................................... MANAGE or SET
ANNOUNCE............................... “MANAGE NAV” or “SET HDG xxx”
HDG.............................................................................. PUSH or SET
ANNOUNCE............................... “FLxxx MANAGE” or “FLxxx PULL”
ALT............................................................. SET, then PUSH or PULL

FMA ....................................................................................... CHECK FMA ....................................................................................... CHECK

AP................................................................................................... ON

FD modes re-engagement:
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Conclusion

Always follow TCAS mode or TCAS RA orders:

• In the correct direction
• Even if it is in contradiction with the ATC instruction
• Even if it results in crossing the altitude of the intruder
• Even at max ceiling altitude

When flying manually, do not overreact: Fly the green

Do not try to see intruders during a Resolution Advisory

Never maneuver in the opposite direction of the RA,

because TCAS maneuvers between aircrafts are
coordinated