KVS ZIET BHUBANESWAR

CBTI XII PHY CHP-8-ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Q. NO QUESTION
MCQ s 1 MARK EACH
1. Which radiations are used in treatment of muscle ache?
a) Infrared
b) Ultraviolet
c) Microwave
d) X-rays
2. Which of the following statement is false for the properties of electromagnetic waves?
a) Both electric and magnetic field vectors attain the maxima and minima at the same place and
same time.
b) The energy in electromagnetic waves is divided equally between electric and magnetic field
vectors.
c) Both electric and magnetic field vectors are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of wave.
d) These waves do not require any material medium for propagation.
3. The waves used by artificial satellites for communication is
a) Microwaves
b) infrared waves
c) radio waves
d) X-rays
4. Name the electromagnetic waves which
(i) maintain the earth’s warmth and
(ii) are used in aircraft navigation.
5. State the reason why microwaves are best suited for long distance transmission of signals.
6. “Greater the height of a TV transmitting antenna, greater is its coverage.” Explain.
7. Light with an energy flux of 20 W/cm2 falls on a non-reflecting surface at normal incidence. If
the surface has an area of 30 cm2, the total momentum delivered (for complete absorption)
during 30 minutes is
a) 36 × 10-5 kg m/s.
b) 36 × 10-4 kg m/s.
c) 108 × 104 kgm/s.
d) 1.08 × 107 kg m/s.
8. The source of electromagnetic waves can be a charge
a) moving with a constant velocity.
 b) moving in a circular orbit.
c) at rest.
d) falling in a magnetic field.
9. In electromagnetic spectrum, the frequencies γ-rays, X-rays and ultraviolet rays are denoted by
n1, n2 and n3 respectively then
a) n1 > n2 > n3
b) n1 < n2 < n3
c) n1 > n2 < n3
d) n1 < n2 > n3
10. When electromagnetic waves enter the ionised layer of ionosphere, then the relative
permittivity i.e. dielectric constant of the ionised layer
a) does not change
b) appears to increase
c) appears to decrease
d) sometimes appears to increase and sometimes to decrease
11. A person from India talking to one of his friend of America in whatsapp call feels no time lag during
their conversation. Such smooth conversation is possible because
a) Light travels in a straight line.
b) Electromagnetic wave travels with the speed of light.
c) Electromagnetic wave travels faster than light.
Audio wave travels very fast.
12. Hot towels are used to relax back pain and muscles stiffness.

Which part of electromagnetic wave used here.

a) UV ray
b) Infrared Radiation
c) Visible light
Radiowave.
13. An electron gun is targets to a metal surface. Which radiation is expected to be emitted?
a) UV radiation
b) X-Rays
c) Infrared rays
Visible light
14.

Identify the part of photo electromagnetic wave used in the process shown.
15.
A specific part of
electromagnetic wave is
used in water purifier for a
special purpose. Identify it.

16. The most technological importance of electromagnetic waves is that they are having strong capacity to take
energy from one place to another place. The best examples are radio waves, TV signals which also carry
energy from their broadcasting stations. Also, life is possible on the earth only because of the sunlight
coming from the sun to the earth which also carry energy and it is nothing but the electromagnetic waves.
Which of the electromagnetic waves are emitted by the sun?
a) Visible light
b) Infrared Wave
c) UV rays
d) All of the above

17. Figure below represents propagation of electromagnetic

Wave along x-axis. The component of electric and magnetic field along x-axis are respectively
a) Zero and Non-zero
b) Zero and Zero
c) Non zero and Non zero
Non zero and zero
 18.

The electromagnetic waves used in this machine is…………………

19. Assertion: Electromagnetic waves with longer wavelengths have higher energy.
Reason: The energy of an electromagnetic wave is directly proportional to its wavelength.
a) Assertion and Reason both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Assertion and Reason both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
d) Assertion and Reason both are incorrect.
20. Assertion: Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for propagation.
Reason: Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
a) Assertion and Reason both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Assertion and Reason both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
d) Assertion and Reason both are incorrect.
VSA 2 MARKS EACH
1. How are electromagnetic waves produced? Draw the sketch of a plane electromagnetic wave
propagating along the x-axis depicting the directions of the oscillating electric and magnetic
field.
2. How does a charge q oscillating at a certain frequency produce electromagnetic waves? Sketch a
schematic diagram depicting electric and magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave
propagating along the Z-direction.
3. Write the two application of Infra-red radiations?
4. Optical fibre communication involves the transmission of data using light in the form of
electromagnetic waves. Her is how it works
1. Light Source: An optical transmitter, typically a laser diode or light-emitting diode (LED),
generates light signals.
2. Modulation: The light signal is modulated to encode data. On-off keying (OOK) and phase
modulation are common techniques.
3. Transmission: The modulated light is sent into an optical fibre, which consists of a core
surrounded by a cladding layer. Total internal reflection within the core keeps the light within
the fibre.
4. Reception: At the receiving end, a photo detector converts the received light signals back into
electrical signals.
Is the modulation compulsory? What is the reason?

5. Microwave ovens use electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency range, typically around 2.45
gigahertz (GHz). The oven contains a magnetron, a device that generates these microwaves. When you
set the cooking time and power level, the magnetron emits microwaves into the cooking chamber.
 Microwaves are absorbed by water molecules within the food. The absorbed energy causes the water
molecules to vibrate, generating heat throughout the food. This even heating is a characteristic feature
of microwave cooking.

Which wave are more energetic, Micro waves or infrared rays?

From the data given find the wavelength of a typical microwave.
6.

From the given data draw a bar graph to show the order of different electromagnetic waves.

SA 3 MARKS EACH
1. Answer the following questions.

a) Assume that the earth doesn't have an atmosphere. Will it affect the average surface
temperature of the earth?
b) For the survival of human beings, the presence of the ozone layer on the top of the
stratosphere is very significant. Substantiate this statement.
c) It is said that X-ray astronomy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth. Why?

2. Answer the following

a. Name the EM waves which are suitable for radar systems used in aircraft navigation. Write
the range of frequency of these waves.
b. If the earth did not have an atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be higher or
lower than what it is now? Explain.
c. An EM wave exerts pressure on the surface on which it is incident. Justify.

3. Name the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrums.

a. used in radar systems for aircraft navigation

b. used to treat muscular strain
c. used in hospitals for diagnosing diseases

Also, briefly describe how these waves can be produced.

4. The radio station generates electromagnetic waves through an electronic circuit. The
station's transmitter modulates an electrical signal, such as an audio signal, onto a carrier
wave. This modulation process varies the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier
wave in accordance with the audio signal. Once modulated, the transmitter amplifies the
signal and sends it to an antenna. The antenna is crucial for emitting the modulated
electromagnetic waves into space.
What do you mean by amplification? How is it different from modulation? What is the
meaning of FM wave?
5.

What are these equations collectively called?

Which term represents displacement current?
Who introduced the term displacement current?

6. A tech company is developing a wireless charging solution for smartphones and electric vehicles.
Describe the principles of electromagnetic induction and resonance that underlie wireless charging
technology.
CASE BASED QUESTIONS 4 MARKS
1.
Name the constituent radiation of electromagnetic spectrum which:

a) is used in satellite communication,

(b) is used for studying crystal structure,

(c) is similar to the radiations emitted during decay of radioactive nuclei

(d) has its wavelength range between 390 nm and 700 nm, (e)is absorbed from sunlight by ozone
layer, and

(f) produces intense heating effect.

2. The oscillating magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is given byBy = (8 × 10-6) sin [2 × 10-
11
t + 300 π x] T

i. Calculate the wavelength of the electo-magnetic wave.

ii. Write down the expression for the oscillating electric field.
 3. An office building has implemented a wireless network for its employees, but some areas have poor
signal quality, leading to slow internet speeds and dropped connections.
a) What factors can cause electromagnetic wave interference in a wireless network?
How can the IT department optimize the network's performance and coverage?
4.

What are these limbic structure?

What are their functions?

LA ( 5MARKS)
1 Answer the following questions:
a) Long distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why?
b) It is necessary to use satellites for long distance TV transmission. Why?
c) Optical and radio telescopes are built on the ground but X-ray astronomy is possible only
from satellites orbiting the earth. Why?
d) The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why?
e) If the earth did not have an atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be Higher or
lower than what it is now?
Some scientists have predicted that a global nuclear war on the earth would be followed by a severe
'nuclear winter' with a devastating effect on life on earth. What might be the basis of this prediction?
2

a) Name the electromagnetic wave used by the TV remote.

b) Give another two instances where the same wave is used.
c) What is the speed of such wave in vacuum?
d) Give the wave length range of the wave.

3
ANSWERS FOR MCQs

1. (a) Infrared radiations are used in the treatment of muscle ache.

 2. (c)Both electric and magnetic field vectors are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of wave.
3. (a) microwaves

4. a) Infrared rays
b) Microwave
5. Because of its shoter wavelength and long distance transmission of signal.
6. Since d = √2ℎ𝑅
If height is increased distance upto which TV coverage can be done will increases.
7. (b)
8. (b)
9. (a) From electromagnetic spectrum, frequencies of γ-rays is greater than frequency of X-rays.
Frequency of Xrays is greater than frequency of ultraviolet rays.
10. (c)
11. (b) Electromagnetic wave travels with the speed of light.

12. (b) Infrared Radiation

13. (b) X-Rays

14. Visible
15. UV
16. (d) All of the above
17. (b) Zero and Zero
18. X ray
19. (d) Assertion and Reason both are incorrect.
20. (a) Assertion and Reason both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
ANSWERS FOR VSA ( 2 MARKS)
1 Electromagnetic waves are produced as a result of oscillating or accelerating charged particles.

The sketch of a plane electromagnetic wave propagating along the X- axis depicting the directions of
oscillating electric and magnetic fields is shown be
 2 As the charge q is oscillating, the electric field and magnetic field produced will change. It changes
space and time. E and B vary with time produced by the other fields B and E respectively and sustain
the E.M. pattern.

This interpretation of Maxwell is supported by the following

3 a) infra-red radiations are used to take photographs under foggy conditions.

b) Infra-red radiations are used in revealing the secret writings on the ancient walls.
4 1. Yes
2. To get use of carrier wave.
3. Encoding of data
5 Correct answer
6
Use the relation V = nλ
ANSWERS FOR SA ( 3 MARKS)
1.

a. The phenomenon of the greenhouse effect is only possible due to the presence of the
atmosphere. If the atmosphere is not there, the greenhouse effect will not be there. Because of
this, there would be a decrease in the temperature of the earth.
b. It is the ozone layer that prevents the entry of harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. It protects
the life forms on earth from the detrimental effects of UV rays.
c. It is because when X-rays pass through the atmosphere, it will absorb the X-rays.
2. a. The waves which are used in radar systems are microwaves. Its frequency ranges between
10¹⁰ and 10¹² Hz
b. If there is no atmosphere, there would be no ozone layer to prevent ultraviolet radiations
reaching the earth. The temperature on earth’s surface would have been lower because there
would be no greenhouse effect, and it would make human survival difficult.
c. Since an electromagnetic wave carries both energy and momentum, it exerts pressure on the
surface on which it is incident. But the pressure will be negligibly small. It is because of the
extremely small momentum of the photon which can be calculated by the de-Broglie
relation,(λ=h / p)(p=ℎ/𝜆)or
p=h/λ=6.63×10−34/10−9=6.63×10−25 kg ms

3. a. Microwaves are used in radar systems that are used in aircraft navigation. These rays can be
produced by making use of special vacuum tubes, such as Klystrons, magnetrons and Gunn
diodes etc.
b. Infrared waves are used in the treatment of muscular strain. These rays can be produced by
hot bodies and molecules.
c. X rays are used as a very significant diagnostic tool in medicine. These rays are produced
when high energy electrons hit any metal of a greater atomic number.

4. Increasing amplitude
Modulation means modification of character.
5.

Maxwell’s equations
Correct term
Maxwell

6. Correct explanation.
ANSWERS FOR CBQ ( 4 MARKS)
1. (a) Microwaves are used in satellite communication.

(b) X-rays are used for studying crystal structure.

 (c) Gamma rays are similar to the radiations emitted during decay of radioactive nuclei.

(d) Visible light radiation has its wavelength range between 390 nm and 700 nm.

(e) Ultraviolet radiations are mainly absorbed from sunlight by ozone laver present in upper part
of atmosphere.

(f) Infrared rays produce intense heating effect when falling on a material.

2. Given that,

By = 8 × 10⁶ sin [2 × 10¹¹ t + 300 π x] T

The standard equation is,

3. Correct answer
4.

Antennae
 Captures the character of the incidence wave.

KEY 5 MARKS
1 a) Long distance radio broadcasts use shortwave bands because only these bands can be
refracted by the ionosphere.
b) It is necessary to use satellites for long distance TV transmissions because television signals
are of high frequencies and high energies. Thus, these signals are not reflected by the
ionosphere. Hence, satellites are helpful in reflecting TV signals. Also, they help in long
distance TV transmissions.
c) With reference to X-ray astronomy, X-rays are absorbed by the atmosphere. However, visible
and radio waves can penetrate it. Hence, optical and radio telescopes are built on the ground,
while X-ray astronomy is possible only with the help of satellites orbiting the Earth.
d) The small ozone layer on the top of the atmosphere is crucial for human survival because it
absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiations present in sunlight and prevents it from reaching the
Earth's surface.
e) In the absence of an atmosphere, there would be no greenhouse effect on the surface of the
Earth. As a result, the temperature of the Earth would decrease rapidly, making it chilly and
difficult for human survival.
A global nuclear war on the surface of the Earth would have disastrous consequences. Post-nuclear
war, the Earth will experience severe winter as the war will produce clouds of smoke that would
cover maximum parts of the sky, thereby preventing solar light form reaching the atmosphere. Also,
it will lead to the depletion of the ozone layer.
2

a) Infra red
b) Head light of vehicles in foggy area
Reduce stiffness of muscles
c) 3X108 m/s
d) 10-4 to 10-5 m