St. Rose Catholic School, Inc.

Sta. Rosa St., Pob. Sur, Paniqui, Tarlac

LEARNER’S HANDOUT
IN

UCSP
Second Quarter
Module 6
Human Responses to
Emerging
Challenges in Contemporary
Society

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 What I Know

I. Match Me
DIRECTIONS: Match Column A and Column B. Write the letter of your answer in the
space provided before the number.

Column A Column B
1. Help lessen the amount of CO2 A. Recycle
2. Help lessen carbon footprint B. Using less
air
3. Help minimize waste conditionin
4. Save electricity and reduce global warming by g
turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as C. Drive less
much light as you need. D. Use the off switch
E. Plant a tree
5. It refers to the erratic change of weather system in F. Climate change
the world. G. Global warming
H. Adaptation
6. Helps absorb carbon dioxide
I.
7. It refers to immigrants whose daily lives depend
on multiple and constant interconnections across Transnation
international borders and whose public identities are
configured in relationship to more than one nation- state.

8. It is the term used to describe a gradual increase

in the average temperature the Earth's atmosphere and its
oceans.

9. It refers to a process of sustainable and

permanent adjustment to climate change.

10. It refers to migration of an individual from one

nation state to another but participate simultaneously
regarding social relations.

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II. Classify the following concepts. Write X if it is a factor of Transnational Migration
and Y if Climate Change. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

1. Overpopulation 6. Low wage level

2. Ocean Acidification 7. Extreme weather
3. Loss of habitats 8. Underemployment
4. Unemployment 9. Poverty
5. Rise of sea levels, 10. Greenhouse effect

New Challenges to Human Adaptation

Lesson and Social Change

Activity 1.1

DIRECTIONS: Fill in the chart before, during, and after you study this lesson.

K (What I Know) W (What I want to L (What I have

Know) Learned)

S (What I Still Want TO Know)

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 What’s In

In the previous module, you have gained understanding of sources of social,

cultural, and political change. With this knowledge, you will have a full grasp of why
societies change, and what are the coping mechanisms of humanities in order to
respond to the fast-changing society. Also, it is important to note that you as a member
of society are able to prepare yourself to cope up to those changes because coping
mechanism are based on societal/individual identities.

What’s New

I. Global Warming
Global Warming

When carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants and greenhouse gases
build up in the atmosphere, they absorb sunlight and solar energy that has bounced
off the earth's surface, resulting in global warming. Normally, this radiation would
escape into space, but these pollutants, which may linger in the atmosphere for years
to centuries, trap the heat and cause the planet to become hotter. The greenhouse
effect is the result of this.
The term "global warming" refers to a gradual rise in the average temperature of
the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, a phenomenon that is thought to be irreversibly
altering the Earth's climate.
It has now become a major issue for the entire environment. It is mostly caused by the
greenhouse effect.

Effects of global warming:

 Temperature rises on average

 Seasonal changes
 Severity of harsh weather events.
 Water and food shortages,
 Increased health risks,
 Coastal inundation,
 Increased frequency and intensity of cyclones and hurricanes are all factors to
consider.

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 As the earth's temperature rises, a huge amount of ice melts, causing a large
volume of water to flow into the ocean, raising the sea level.

Since ice caps and glaciers have begun to melt, species that reside in such
habitats have begun to relocate, potentially leading to extinction due to habitat loss.
Because of the vast volume of water evaporated into the air as the sea level rises, high
levels of precipitation will occur, and the earth will suffer intense rains or storms.
Carbonic acid is created when carbon dioxide dissolves in sea water, acidifying
the ocean as indicated by a pH shift.
Furthermore, animals produce a lot of methane. Some fertilizers also produce
nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to the rise in global temperatures.
The greenhouse effect is a phenomenon in which radiation from the earth's
atmosphere warms its surface to a temperature higher than it would be without it.
Greenhouse gases are to blame.
Everything happens in a series of events. One effect can lead to the occurrence
of another. A lot can happen to our ecosystem if we use these. Human limitations can
be pushed by a variety of factors. It would put our health, surroundings, and physical
capabilities to the test.

II. Climate Change

Climate change has arisen as a result of global warming. These terms are
sometimes used interchangeably, but they are distinct. Changes in weather patterns
and growing seasons all around the world are referred to as climate change. It also
refers to the rise in sea level caused by warmer oceans expanding and melting ice sheets
and glaciers. Climate change is a result of global warming, and it poses a severe threat
to human life on the planet in the form of widespread flooding and catastrophic
weather.
Typhoon Haiyan, also known as Super Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, was
one of the most intense tropical storms ever recorded and was caused in part by climate
change.
Haiyan wreaked havoc on Southeast Asia, notably the Philippines, when it made
landfall. It is the deadliest typhoon in Philippine history, with at least 6,300 people
killed in the country alone. Haiyan is tied with Meranti for the strongest landfalling
tropical cyclone on record, according to JTWC estimates of 1-minute sustained winds.
Bodies were still being discovered in January 2014. The typhoon Yolanda
phenomenon is one of the many difficult issues that threatened to devastate Philippine
civilization and the rest of the world. It had an impact on the Filipinos' physiological,
emotional, and mental well-being, as well as the world community's charity in times of
need, regardless of political allegiances.
Yolanda was said to have been caused by global warming and climate change.
The issue is that most of us are aware that climate change will have a significant impact
on our society, but we do not fully comprehend the phenomenon.

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 Climate change is characterized by irregular changes in the world's weather
system, as evidenced by the following indicators: rising sea levels, habitat destruction,
Ocean acidification, extreme weather.
These occurrences in various parts of the globe have an impact on all people on
the planet. All attempts to understanding and predicting the possible implications of
climate change are dominated by uncertainty. Climate change, on the other hand, will
have an impact on every area of society, the environment, and the economy. Human
behavior, livelihoods, infrastructure, laws and regulations, and institutions are all likely
to be impacted.

III. Adaptation
Adaptation to Climate Change

Ways to adapt the situation of global warming.

❏ Practice conservation of natural resources

Air, water, soil, minerals, plants, and animals are all natural resources on the
planet. Conservation is taking care of these resources so that all living beings can
benefit from them now and in the future.

❏ Reduce pollution and waste

1. For on-the-go refreshments, use a reusable bottle or cup.
Bringing your own water with you reduces the likelihood of buying more
expensive beverages on the go. This will get rid of the single-use containers that
they come in.
2. Reusable supermarket bags are useful for more than simply groceries.
You may already have a reusable grocery bag, similar to a reusable water bottle,
but it is sometimes forgotten at home.
3. Make prudent purchases and recycle what you can.
You may limit the amount of garbage you make by selecting products that have
less wrapping or come in recyclable packaging.
4. It should be composted!
Compost and use your fruit and vegetable waste, egg shells, coffee grounds,
grass clippings, and leaves in your plant.

❏ Reuse water
Collecting part of the water you use in the shower is the simplest way to start
reusing water at home. A simple bucket would suffice; simply place it beneath
the stream while waiting for the water to warm up, then move it in front of you
once you've jumped in. The water can then be used to flush the toilet or irrigate
your garden.
❏ Recycle products
Newspapers, magazines, mixed paper, cardboard, tin cans, aluminum cans, glass
jars, and plastic containers are examples of products that can contain recycled
material.

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 ❏ Conserve energy
The efforts to reduce energy consumption by utilizing less of an energy service is
known as energy conservation. This can be accomplished by either using energy
more efficiently (using less energy for a consistent service) or lowering the
amount of service provided (for example, by driving less).

Global Responses
Adaptation is a long-term process of making lasting changes in response to
climate change, with strong policy connections to economic development, poverty
reduction, and disaster management measures. At the international, national, regional,
municipal, and community levels, successful adaptation programs will include long-
term thinking and consideration of climate change implications. Climate change
vulnerabilities, relevant technologies, capability, and local coping strategies, as well as
government policies and actions, must all be considered in adaptation planning.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated that unavoidable
climate change impacts exceed present coping capability, necessitating the
implementation of adaptation measures by societies and ecosystems.
The IPCC defines adaptation as "adjustment of natural or human systems to
existing or anticipated climatic stimuli or their effects that mitigates harm or leverages
favourable opportunities." Despite the fact that there are apparent ties between disaster
risk management and adaptation, the two approaches are supported by separate
institutions, methodologies, and policy frameworks.
Adaptation has a high price cost. According to the UN Climate Change
Secretariat, developing nations will need between 28 and 67 billion dollars by 2030 to
adapt to climate change. Global adaptation funding is currently a fraction of what is
required.
Adaptation isn't a one-off problem. It will have to be factored into all future
growth plans. At the international, national, regional, municipal, and community levels,
successful adaptation programs will include long-term thinking and consideration of
climate change implications.
To deal with uncertainty, adaptation methods must be robust against a variety
of potential climatic outcomes. It will also necessitate significant investment,
notwithstanding the necessity to address cost estimation challenges. Reducing poorer
countries' vulnerability to climate change and ensuring that development assistance
does not lead to maladaptation.
Citizen engagement and awareness are required to maintain and prioritize
climate change actions. We change, grow, adapt, and possibly even learn and grow
smarter as humans. As the international body in charge of developing policy
frameworks to ensure a multifaceted approach to climate change, you, as a member of
society, may play a role.

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IV. Transnational Migration and Overseas Filipino Worker
Transnational migration occurs when people move from one country to another
while maintaining their social ties. It's a global phenomenon that's only becoming
bigger in terms of scope, complexity, and influence. Migration is a source and result of
larger development processes, as well as a fundamental component of our globalizing
world.
Trans-migrants are immigrants whose everyday lives are reliant on many and
continuous interconnections across international borders, and whose public identities
are shaped by multiple nation-states.

Factors of Transnational Migration

 Overpopulation
 Poverty
 Underemployment,
 Unemployment, and
 Low wage level
People flee to neighboring nations as a result of overpopulation. These people
relocate to other countries because they believe their current home no longer has
adequate space for them. Migrants seeking new homes are more likely to be found in
countries with high population growth and density.
They leave their home nation for a variety of reasons, including economic. They
migrate to other nations in pursuit of better economic opportunities for their families.
These people are motivated by a desire to profit. They send the money to their relatives
in their home country.

Advantages of Transnational Migration

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), are a well-known example of transnational
migration. According to the 2011 Philippine Overseas Employment Agency (POEA)
report, the Philippines has 10, 455, 788 million OFWs spread throughout 236 countries
and territories, making it one of the top three labor-sending countries in the world,
after India and China. Remittances made for 12.65 percent of the Philippines' gross
domestic product in 2012. (GDP). According to the National Statistics Office-Survey of
Filipinos [NSO-SOF] (2011), OFWs transferred a large amount of these remittances in
cash to the family they left behind to help them alleviate household financial
restrictions, send their children to school, and immigrate.
With these figures, OFW remittances are hailed, since they provide the country
with greater economic benefits; nonetheless, there has been much conjecture about the
costs of migration within Philippine society.
In an unusual turn of events, the Philippines has become so successful as a labor
exporter that it has neglected to establish and deepen development processes. The goal
of sending a million workers per year indicates that migration will play a significant
role in the country's long-term development plans and prospects.

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 Labor migration from the Philippines is expected to continue even if the
government does not intervene, given to the growth of social networks, social capital,
and social remittances.
Filipino society has changed into a migration-savvy society, capable of
responding to and adapting to the shifting demands of the global labor market.
Although it is agreed that labor migration has benefited migrants and their families, the
economic benefits beyond the family are less visible. While remittances are considered
to have boosted the country's economy, their development effects have yet to be felt.
Filipinos' educational and professional objectives were integrated into their
perceptions of the international labor market. Individuals make choices based on their
ideas of what is best for them. However, these choices can have a long-term impact on
communities and the country.

Disadvantages of Transnational Migration

 Include anxiety about destabilizing impacts of migrations and families.

 Delegation of responsibility to grandparents / nannies to care for their children.
 Apprehensions about materialism, etc.

While the Philippines' governments cannot prevent individuals from leaving, they can
play an important role in tackling the physical, social, and cultural issues that
transnational migration brings. Housing, social groups, and pre-departure orientation
courses are all examples of how they assist migrants in addressing their concerns and
resolving difficulties such as xenophobia and other human rights violations. They'll
have to figure out how to use migration as a tool for development. International talks
and reflections on migration and development going place in other nations might teach
the Philippines a lot.

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 What is It

Activity 1.2. Make a Fishbone diagram that shows cause and effect of climate
change.

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 What’s More

Activity 1.3 Build an Argument of Transnational Migration highlighting its

advantages and disadvantages.

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 What I Have Learned

DIRECTIONS : Use this graphic organizer to help you summarize what you have
learned in this module.

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 What I Can Do

What can you personally contribute to educate the members of your community about
the issue of climate change? Develop a community-based plan of action highlighting
the following:

● Subjects/program
● Main Ideas
● Your Audience/participants
● Your primary role
● Your presentation/strategies

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 Assessment

I. Multiple Choice:
DIRECTIONS: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It refers to the erratic change of weather system in the world.

A. Climate change C. Adaptation
B. Global warming D. Transmigrants

2. The following are indicators of climate change except;

A. Rise of sea levels C. Extreme weather
B. Loss of habitats D. Overpopulation

3. It is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature

the Earth's atmosphere and its oceans.
A. Transnational migration C. Adaptation
B. Global warming D. Transmigrants

4. The following are aspects of society affected by climate change except

A. Human behavior C. social services
B. Livelihoods D. Laws and policies

5. It refers to a process of sustainable and permanent adjustment to climate

change.
A. Climate change C. Adaptation
B. Transnational migration D. Transmigrants

6. Adaptation involves a process of sustainable and permanent adjustment to

climate change and has clear policy links to the following except
A. Economic development C. Social services
B. Poverty reduction, D. disaster management strategies

7. The following are factors for transnational migration except;

A. Overpopulation C. Unemployment
B. Poverty D. Housing Services

8. It refers to migration of an individual from one nation state to another but

participate simultaneously regarding social relations.
A. Climate change C. Transnational migration
B. Global warming D. Transmigrants

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 9. It refers to immigrants whose daily lives depend on multiple and constant
interconnections across international borders and whose public identities are
configured in relationship to more than one nation- state.
A. Transnational migration C. Adaptation
B. Global warming D. Transmigrants

10. The primary reasons of migrations.

A. Economic C. peace and Order
B. Political persecution D. Educational opportunity

II. Matching Type (Cause and Effect)

DIRECTIONS: Identify the results of actions written in column A. write the letter of
your answer the space provided before the number.

A-Action B- Results
1. Recycle a. Helps lessen the amount of CO2
2. Using less air conditioning b. Helps minimize waste
c. Helps absorb carbon dioxide
3. Drive less d. Helps lessen carbon footprint
4. Use the off switch e. Save electricity and reduce global
warming by turning off lights when
5. Plant a tree you leave a room, and using only as
much light as you need.

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