CBLM EIM LO2 - Electrical Installation

BS Electrical Engineering (Southern Luzon State University)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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 LIST OF COMPETENCIES

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1 Perform Roughing-In Performing Roughing-In
Activities, Wiring and Activities, Wiring and ELC741301
Cabling Works for Cabling Works for
Single-Phase Single-Phase
Distribution, Power, Distribution, Power,
Lighting and Auxiliary Lighting and Auxiliary
Systems Systems
2 Install Electrical Installing Electrical
Protective Devices Protective Devices ELC741302
for Distribution, for Distribution,
Power, Lighting, Power, Lighting,
Auxiliary, Lightning Auxiliary, Lightning
Protection and Protection and
Grounding Systems Grounding Systems
3 Install Wiring Devices of Installing Wiring
Floor and Wall Mounted Devices of Floor and ELC741303
Outlets, Lighting Wall Mounted Outlets,
Fixtures/Switches Lighting
Auxiliary Outlets Fixtures/Switches
Auxiliary Outlets

MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Install Electrical Protective Devices for Distribution,

Power, Lighting, Auxiliary, Lightning Protection and
Grounding Systems

MODULE TITLE: Installing Electrical Protective Devices for

Distribution, Power, Lighting, Auxiliary, Lightning
Protection and Grounding Systems

MODULE DESCRIPTOR: This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes
on planning and preparing work, installing electrical
protective devices, lightning fixture and auxiliary
outlet and notifying completion of work for
distribution, power, lighting, auxiliary, lightning
protection and grounding systems.

Nominal Duration : 44 hours

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SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of this module, you MUST be able to:

1. Plan and prepare work

2. Install electrical protective devices
3. Install lighting fixture and auxiliary outlet
4. Notify completion of work

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Instructions for the preparation of the work activity are communicated

and confirmed to ensure clear understanding.
2. Materials needed for work are obtained in accordance with established
procedures.
3. Safety procedures are followed in line with job requirements.
4. Correct procedures for installation of electrical protective devices are
performed in line with job requirements and PEC.
5. Schedule of work is followed to ensure work is completed in an agreed
time, to a quality standard and with a minimum waste.
6. Further instructions are sought from a supervisor if unplanned events
or conditions occur.
7. On-going checks of quality of work are done in accordance with
instructions and requirements.
8. Safety procedures are followed.
9. Correct procedures for installation of lighting fixture and auxiliaries are
performed in line with job requirements.
10. Schedule of work is followed to ensure work is completed in an agreed
time, to a quality standard and with a minimum waste.
11. Further instructions are sought from a supervisor if unplanned events
or conditions occur.
12. On-going checks of quality of work are undertaken in accordance with
instructions and requirements.
13. Final checks are made to ensure the work conforms with instructions
and requirements.
14. Supervisor is notified upon completion of work.
15. Tools, equipment and any surplus resources and materials are, where
appropriate, cleaned, checked and returned to storage in accordance
with established procedures.
16. Work area is cleaned and made safe.

LEARNING OUTCOME 1 : PLAN AND PREPARE WORK

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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Instructions for the preparation of the work activity are communicated and
confirmed to ensure clear understanding
2. Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install electrical wiring are identified,
checked to ensure they work correctly as intended and are safe to use in
accordance with established procedures
3. Materials needed for work are obtained in accordance with established
procedures.

CONTENTS:

1. Types of protective devices and its applications/ applications

2. Identification of standard drawing based on standard (ANSI or IEC)
3. Protective devices specifications
4. Electrical protection system components

CONDITION:

Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. Workplace location
2. Tools and equipment appropriate to roughing-in, wiring and cabling works
and installation processes
3. Materials relevant to the proposed activity
4. Drawings and specifications relevant to the task

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

1. Written test or examination

2. Direct observation and questioning
3. Demonstration (able to impart knowledge and skills)

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 LEARNING EXPERIENCE

Learning Outcome No. 1

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 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-1 PLAN

AND PREPARE WORK

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to:

1. Types of protective devices and its applications/ applications

2. Identification of standard drawing based on standard (ANSI or IEC)
3. Protective devices specifications
4. Electrical protection system components

This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes on planning and
preparing work, installing electrical protective devices, lightning fixture and
auxiliary outlet and notifying completion of work for distribution, power, lighting,
auxiliary, lightning protection and grounding systems.

In this lesson, we will be reminding the importance of planning in preparing

specific job order.

Background Information for the Learners:

Plan your work, and work your plan. Many believe that if you had a
plan to follow you would always wind up on top or get an excellent result.

Planning out your work will make sure you get the most out of your
work day. Your time is an investment in yourself.

Budgeting your time on the job the way you can budget money will
help you reduce your stress, become healthy and accomplish more.

When planning your work for a day, see what tasks you can designate
to someone else or ask for an assistant to help you complete them. No one wins
when you try to do everything on yourself and wind up stressed out and
exhausted.

Your work may be categorized into:

1. Urgent and important tasks.

a. One need to be done first.
2. Urgent but unimportant tasks.
a. Need to be addressed but should not overwhelm you in any
manner.
3. Non-urgent but important tasks.
a. Make the most of your convenient time in each day to address
tasks.

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 b.

Things to remember in Preparation:

• Secure the blueprint (Electrical Plan)

o This is the guide for a safe and approved wiring installation.
• Budget
o Discuss the fund of the project. Submit proposal and warranty
arrangement.
• Personal Protective Equipment
o PPE needed in the project – it is important to determined what
type of environment that working for, either hazardous or
nonhazardous location to wear appropriate PPE.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Safety Gloves

Sometimes referred to as lineman's gloves, electrical safety gloves are

composed of highly dielectric, strong insulating rubber and are designed to
protect technicians who are working on energized electrical equipment and
power lines.

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Safety Belt/ Full Body Harnessed

A full body harness is a harness designed to hold the wearer upright in

the event of a fall from height. If worn correctly, a full body harness will
distribute the energy generated during free-fall across the wearers' body
evenly, reducing the potential for serious injury.

Safety Goggles

Goggles, meanwhile, sit directly on the face and seal the wearer’s
eyes, protecting them from splashes and dust. Safety goggles also provide more
reliable protection from plastic and metal projectiles.

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Safety Shoes

Anti-static shoes banish the stacking of static electricity from the body
and also provide a good level of resistance to electrical hazards from live wires.
The non-conductive shoes are tagged as EH whereas anti-static is tagged as
ESD or SD. Leather safety shoes also come under the category of Anti-static
shoes.

Cover-all dress

Electrical workers shall wear arc rated natural fiber apparel such as
long sleeve shirts, long pants, jackets, coats, bib overalls, or coveralls to protect
the torso and limbs from arc flash hazards. PPE must be arc rated at or above
the incident energy or category level of the equipment being worked on.

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EMERGENCY KIT

Keep supplies in an easy to carry emergency preparedness kit that you

can use at your workplace.

• Adhesive tape
• Elastic wrap bandages
• Bandage strips and "butterfly" bandages in assorted sizes
• Super glue
• Rubber tourniquet or 16 French catheter
• Nonstick sterile bandages and roller gauze in assorted sizes
• Eye shield or pad
• Large triangular bandage (may be used as a sling)
• Aluminum finger splint
• Instant cold packs
• Cotton balls and cotton-tipped swabs
• Disposable nonlatex examination gloves, several pairs
• Duct tape
• Petroleum jelly or other lubricant
• Plastic bags, assorted sizes
• Safety pins in assorted sizes
• Scissors and tweezers
• Hand sanitizer
• Antibiotic ointment
• Antiseptic solution and towelettes
• Eyewash solution
• Thermometer
• Turkey baster or other bulb suction device for flushing wounds
• Sterile saline for irrigation, flushing
• Breathing barrier (surgical mask)
• Syringe, medicine cup or spoon
• First-aid manual
• Hydrogen peroxide to disinfect

Need Tools and Equipment

Prepare the necessary tools and equipment for the project to prevent
unnecessary delays due to lack of tools and equipment to perform job.

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Basic Tools and Equipment in Electrical Installation:

Hammer

Rip claw functionality: An electrician's hammer is similar to a claw hammer,

which can be distinguished by its flat head and rip claw. It is designed for lifting
up floorboards, prying out nails, ripping wires and other electrical installations
from walls, and hammering in nails and clips

Tape measure

A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler used to measure length or

distance. Plastic tape measure (cm). Manually reeled tape measure.

Laser level

Laser levels are a mainstream tool typically used in the construction and
surveying industry for levelling and aligning applications. They project a
constant red or green line onto a surface on a horizontal or vertical plane and
can be used for anything from hanging a picture to professional building work.

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Flathead as well as Phillips screwdrivers

A flathead has a single blade, and a Phillips has two blades in the shape of a
cross. Attempts to use a flathead tool on a screw designed for a Phillips usually
won't be successful, and a Phillips screwdriver could never be used on a slotted
screw.

Electrical Pliers

Lineman's pliers are used by electricians to straighten, cut, grip, twist, push,
and pull wire. They are used to cut and bend light gauge metal and pull staples
and nails. The angular edges on the outside edge of the jaws are designed to
ream down ridges and burs on the inside lip of cut pipes.

Needed Supplies and Materials

Check if the required materials are ready for the project.

Permit and legal Documents

Ex.: Work permit, Building Permit and Registration

Time of Completion

Estimated target date to finish the project or else where will be

imposed penalties in delay if included in the contract.

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 Self-check 2.1-2 IDENTIFICATION:

Write the correct answer on the space provided.

1. It is Anti-static shoes banish the stacking of static electricity from

the body and also provide a good level of resistance to electrical
hazards from live wires.
2. It is a harness designed to hold the wearer upright in the event of
a fall from height.
3. It is a flexible ruler used to measure length or distance. Manually
reeled.
4. Composed of highly dielectric, strong insulating rubber and are
designed to protect technicians who are working on energized
electrical equipment and power lines.
5. Are used by electricians to straighten, cut, grip, twist, push, and
pull wire.

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 Answer Key 2.1-2

1. Safety Shoes
2. Full body harness
3. Tape measure or measuring tape
4. Safety Gloves
5. Electrical Pliers

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 LEARNING OUTCOME 2: NSTALL ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

• Safety procedures are followed in line with job requirements

• Correct procedures for installation of electrical protective devices are
performed in line with job requirements and PEC
• Schedule of work is followed to ensure work is completed in an agreed
time, to a quality standard and with a minimum waste
• Further instructions are sought from a supervisor if unplanned events
or conditions occur
• On-going checks of quality of work are done in accordance with
instructions and requirements

CONTENTS:

• DOLE Department Order No. 13 s. 1998 Guidelines Governing

Occupational Safety and Health in the Construction Industry
• Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) requirements regarding installation of
electrical protection devices
• Uses of different protective devices
o panel board;
o circuit breaker;
o safety switch;
o ground fault current interrupting device (GFCI); and
o conventional atmospheric lightning protection and grounding
system

CONDITION:

The following resources MUST be provided:

• Workplace location
• Tools and equipment appropriate to roughing-in, wiring and cabling
works and installation processes
• Materials relevant to the proposed activity
• Drawings and specifications relevant to the task

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

• Written test or examination

• Direct observation and questioning
• Demonstration (able to impart knowledge and skills)

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 LEARNING EXPERIENCE

Learning Outcome No. 2

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 Information Sheet 2.2-1

INSTALL ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to:

1. Familiarization in Electrical protective devices

2. Install electrical protective devices

Electrical Protective Devices

These devices can identify and address unacceptable problems and

take necessary corrective action. Some examples of electrical protection
devices are lightning arresters, surge protectors, fuses, relays, circuit breakers,
reclosers, and other devices.

Protective devices are important because they ensure that under fault
conditions, a high fault current cannot flow – as well as protecting the
installation this, more importantly, ensures that consumers are not injured or
killed as a result of an electrical fault.

Here are the some of the protection devices of the circuit:

Fuse

A fuse is an electrical safety device that protects an electric circuit

from excessive electric current. Fuses are destroyed during overload conditions.
When reasonable to do so (and economically sensible), circuit breakers are used
instead because they are not destroyed during overload conditions.

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Circuit Breaker

Specifically, stopping the flow of current when any fault occurs is the
primary function of the circuit breaker. The major advantage of the circuit
breaker is, it can work automatically to proceed the operations without any
external support. Additionally, there are many categories of the circuit breaker,
each one for its unique purposes. To point out, it practices semiconductors for
the protection.

Poly Switch

The passive electronic component and the resettable used to protect

electronic circuit from mistakes of overcurrent. This device may also know as a
poly fuse and multi fuse. It is applicable in various applications such as
aerospace, computers and to mention, and the substitution is not a simple task.

RCCB

The residual current circuit breaker (RCCB), a safety device that is to

notice the issues in your power supplies then turns off it in 10-15 milliseconds to
end the electric shock. Additionally, these devices are resettable as well as the

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testable apparatus. On the other hand, it is also known as a residual current
device (RCD).

Metal Oxide Varistor

A Varistor or VDR (voltage dependent resistor) is an electronic

component and the resistance of this is variable and be contingent on the
working voltage. The term Varistor has been taken from the variable resistor.
The supreme recurrent type of voltage-dependent resistor is the MOV (metal
oxide Varistor).

Inrush Current Limiter

Specifically, this type of electrical component arrests the flow of inrush

current through avoiding frequent damages in the device and evade tripping
circuit breakers and blowing fuses. Specifically, these thermistors are usually
much grander to width kind thermistors, that is deliberately intended for power
applications.

Gas Discharge Tube

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 A gas discharge tube or gas-filled tube is a group of electrodes in gas
inside a temperature resistant cover and sequestering. Even though the cover is
typically glass, power tubes recurrently hire ceramics, as well as military tubes
habitually service glass wrinkled metal.

Lighting Arrester

This is the specialized protection device that is much helpful to

manage the current flow and arrests the unwanted flow in the circuit. As a
result, all these protection devices are the best protection agent to the circuit.

PRINCIPLES AND OPERATION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS

The circuit breaker is an electromechanical device whose function is to

protect electrical installations, being used in electrical distribution boards.

It works by interrupting the electric current when it exceeds its design

limitations, therefore preventing the supply of energy to the loads, and damage
to the circuit.

In other words, if the electric current supplied from the power source to
your blow dryer is higher than a predetermined number sized for your circuit
breaker, the device will trip, interrupting any more current to flow.

Advantage of Circuit Breaker over the Fuse:

The breaking capacity of a circuit breaker can be greater than equivalent fuses
(up to 150 kA). And under overload conditions, a circuit breaker can trip up to
1000 times faster than a fuse. Some circuit breakers also provide exceptional
fault current limitation, a capability previously associated only with fuses.

Important ratings when choosing a circuit breaker:

There are a few different criteria to consider when selecting a circuit breaker
including voltage, frequency, interrupting capacity, continuous current rating,
unusual operating conditions and product testing.

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Two important ratings to consider are; short-circuit current rating (this is
commonly referred to as the maximum interrupting rating) and the short-time
current rating. In this paper, we will discuss these circuit breaker ratings and
how they can affect the protection and selective coordination of the system.

Size the typical breaker current rating using an 80% utilization. This means,
when the expected maximum current of the circuit where the breaker to be
installed is 100A, then the breaker current rating must be 125A (100A/80%). In
other words, always add 25% margin (100A X 1.25 = 125A).

Different Types of Circuit Breaker

Low Voltage Circuit Breaker. MCCB. ACB. MCB. RCCB.

A low voltage circuit breaker is a type of electromechanical switch that breaks

the circuit manually or automatically under abnormal conditions such as over
current, over voltage, and short circuit and works up to 1,000 V voltage rating.

Medium Voltage Circuit Breakers.

Medium voltage circuit breakers are the ones which operate on voltage levels
around 400 volts to 15kV approximately. The reason they are named so is that
extremely low voltage conditions are not suitable for them to operate properly,
neither a very high voltage helps them perform their operation accurately.

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SF6/VACUUM Circuit Breakers.

SF6 circuit breakers allow 5,000-20,000 mechanical operations whereas vacuum

circuit breakers have 10,000-30,000 mechanical operations possible. SF6 circuit
breakers support 10-50 short-circuit operations. This number is higher in the
case of vacuum circuit breakers which can allow 30-100 short-circuit operations.

High Voltage Circuit Breakers.

High-voltage circuit breakers are mechanical switching devices which connect

and break current circuits (operating currents and fault currents) and carry the
nominal current in closed position.

SAFETY SWITCH AND FUSES

Safety switches

Protect you from electric shock. They turn off the electricity within
milliseconds when a current leak is detected. This can happen if a faulty power

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point, wiring or electrical appliance is being used. Circuit breakers and fuses on
the other hand protect the circuitry.

Safety switches play a vital role in the well-being, health and safety of the
occupants of the home. In the event of a leak within the electrical current from
either an appliance or from wiring touching something it's not supposed to the
safety switch will cut the power off in less than a second.

Interlocked switches

Used to transfer service from a normal power source to an alternate

source, or to switch from one load circuit to another, these safety switches have
two interlocked switches with a common connection. The design ensures both
switches cannot be closed at the same time, preventing them from being
operated in parallel.

Working Principle of an Electrical Fuse

To understand the working principle behind an electrical fuse, two critical

concepts should be kept in mind

• Current flows in a loop

• Heating effect of current

Electric current can flow through a conductor only when the circuit formed
is complete. If there is a break in the loop, electric charges cannot flow through.

This is also how switches operate.

• For example, when you put on the light switches at home, the lights
come on because you have just completed the circuit allowing charges
from the power source to flow through and power your lights.

When current passes through a conductor, the different electrical

components of the circuit like the devices attached or even the wire itself, offer
resistance to the current flow.

• The work done to overcome this resistance presents itself in the form
of heat.
• This is a simple explanation of the “heating effect” of current.

Principle of Electrical Fuse

The primary use of an electric fuse is to protect electrical equipment from

excessive current and to prevent short circuits or mismatched loads.

• Electrical fuses play the role of miniature circuit breakers.

• Apart from protecting equipment, they are also used as safety
measures to prevent any safety hazards to humans.

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 The fuse wire in an electrical fuse is selected in such a way that it does not
face any damage when the normally stipulated amount of current flows through
the circuit.

• Under normal conditions, the fuse wire is a part of the circuitry,

contributing to a complete loop for charges to flow through it.
• However, when an excessive number of current flows through the fuse
wire, the heating effect of the current causes the fuse wire to melt.
• This is because the fuse wire is chosen such that it has a low melting
point.
• This causes the loop to break thereby stopping the flow of charges in
the circuit.

It is important to select a fuse that is properly specified for the circuit in

consideration.

• For example, if the fuse that is used is underrated, then it will fail even
under normal current conditions, unnecessarily breaking the circuit
loop.
• If it is overrated, then it will not break the circuit when required and
cause equipment damage and failure and may even present itself as a
safety hazard.

It will not break the circuit when required and cause equipment damage and
failure and may even present itself as a safety hazard.

Function of Fuse

In the field of electrical engineering, a fuse is a device that provides overcurrent

protection to the functional electrical circuit. Here, we have listed a few major
functions of the fuse.

• Acts as a barrier between the electric circuit and the human body
• Prevents device failure due to faulty circuit operation
• Fuse prevents short-circuits
• Prevents overload and blackouts
• Prevents damage that is caused due to mismatched loads

The markings on the fuse carry information such as the Ampere rating, voltage
rating, and interruption rating.

Types of Fuses

Different types of fuses are available in the market, and they are classified on
the basis of different aspects. But mainly, fuses can be divided into two
categories based on the input supply as follows:

• AC fuses
• DC fuses

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Given below is a flowchart of further classification of fuse:

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 Self-check 2.2-2

IDENTIFICATION: Given the question, write the correct answer on space

provided.

1. What is an electrical fuse?

2. What are the types of electrical fuse?

3. Acts as a barrier between the electric circuit and the human body?

4. The markings on the fuse carry which type of information?

5. List some functions of the fuse.

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 Answer Key 2.2-2

1. An electrical fuse is a safety device that operates to provide protection

against the overflow of current in an electrical circuit.
2. AC fuses & DC fuses
3. Electrical Fuse
4. The markings on the fuse carry information such as the Ampere rating,
voltage rating, and interruption rating.
5. Functions of the fuse are:
Prevents device failure due to faulty circuit operation
Prevents overload and blackouts
Fuse prevents short-circuits
Prevents damage that is caused due to mismatched loads

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 LEARNING OUTCOME 3: INSTALL LIGHTING FIXTURE AND AUXILIARY
OUTLET

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

• Safety procedures are followed

• Correct procedures for installation of lighting fixture and auxiliaries are
performed in line with job requirements
• Schedule of work is followed to ensure work is completed in an agreed
time, to a quality standard and with a minimum waste
• Further instructions are sought from a supervisor if unplanned events
or conditions occur.
• On-going checks of quality of work are undertaken in accordance with
instructions and requirements.

CONTENTS:

• DOLE Department Order No. 13 s. 1998 Guidelines Governing

Occupational Safety and Health in the Construction Industry
• Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) requirements regarding installation of
lighting fixture and auxiliary outlet
• Types of lighting fixtures and installation technique
• Ratings of lighting fixture

CONDITION:

The following resources MUST be provided:

• Workplace location
• Tools and equipment appropriate to roughing-in, wiring and cabling
works and installation processes
• Materials relevant to the proposed activity
• Drawings and specifications relevant to the task

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

• Written test or examination

• Direct observation and questioning
• Demonstration (able to impart knowledge and skills)

LEARNING EXPERIENCE

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 Learning Outcome No. 3

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 Information Sheet 2.3-1

INSTALL LIGHTING FIXTURE AND AUXILIARY OUTLET LEARNING

OBJECTIVES:

After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to:

1. Familiarization in lightning fixture and auxiliary outlet

2. Install lightning fixture and auxiliary outlet

LIGHTING FIXTURE

Lighting fixtures provide light. They can be used as decorative elements in the
home or building, or they can serve a practical purpose such as providing
lighting for areas that are not normally illuminated.

Types of Lightning Fixture:

Recessed Lighting

Recessed lighting is lighting built into the ceiling that either does not
protrude or barely protrudes from the surface of the ceiling. It blends
comfortably with most interior designs without drawing the eye up or occupying
floor, table, or wall space. Recessed lighting offers a wide range of lighting
effects by utilizing different beam angles and spreads.

Track Lighting & Monorail

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 Track lighting and monorail are systems of electrified track and
attachable lighting elements. Track boasts a flexible approach to accent and
display lighting since you have the ability to place lighting elements wherever
you choose. Better yet, you can relocate, re-aim, or replace the fixtures on the
track at any time.

Linear LED

Linear LED lighting has become the industry go-to for lighting hard-to-
reach spaces. The low-profile strips can be installed directly into ceiling coves,
cabinets, or built-in bookshelves for discreet accent or task lighting. But don’t
just think small – they can also be installed in the ceiling or walls for eye-
catching lines of light.

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Chandeliers

A chandelier is a hanging fixture that has several luminous elements.

They are often used as a focal point in foyers and dining rooms, and help
establish a room’s tone and style. Since they are often decorative, chandeliers
are most effective when paired with other fixtures to ensure sufficient room
lighting.

Pendants

A pendant is a hanging fixture with a single, central luminous element.

In general, pendants tend to be smaller and less formal than chandeliers, and
multiple pendants are often hung side by side. As well as being decorative,
many pendants can also provide task lighting. For that reason, they’re a favorite
for over kitchen islands.

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Sconces

A sconce is a wall-mounted light fixture. They can be used in nearly

any space, but are often found in hallways, living rooms, dining rooms, and
bathrooms. In bathrooms, sconces can provide excellent task lighting when
mount over or on either side of a mirror.

Ceiling Lights

Ceiling lights can be very useful to provide ambient light in lower-

ceilinged rooms, and come in flush and semi-flush varieties. Flush mount ceiling
lights attach directly to the ceiling, or are “flush” against it. Semi-flush ceiling
lights hang from the ceiling but still stay closer to it than a pendant or
chandelier.

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Floor & Table Lamps

Floor and table lamps are standalone, portable light fixtures that
provide localized task or ambient lighting. Some lamps have shades to diffuse
light, others are designed to light a specific small area. Lamps are available in
integrated LED and incandescent, and range from traditional to ultra-modern.

Outdoor Lighting

Outdoor lighting provides a welcoming first impression for visitors as

well as practical illumination for security and outdoor activities. Nowadays,
residential landscape lighting is typically small-scale, low-voltage, and LED.
Decorative sconces, pendants, and post lights are typically line-voltage and
come in a variety of styles and sizes.

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When to Replace a Light Fixture

Light fixtures rarely need to be replaced. They are simple and rarely fail or
break. However, you may want to change an old light fixture to modernize your
space. In addition, you may wish for a fixture that provides lighter or has smart
features. For example, there are light fixtures that connect to Alexa or your
smartphone and can change any color you want.

However, you can upgrade a light fixture without replacing it. Most hardware
stores sell replacement globes, shades, wires and chains. In addition, you can
buy a specialty light bulb to change the appearance of your fixture. If you really
want to be thrifty and crafty, you can paint your current fixture to update its
appearance.

Safety Considerations

Anytime you work with electricity, there is a risk of electrical shock. Always turn
off the power to any circuits you are working on. Always read and follow the
manufacturer’s instructions when installing any component in your home.

Call a licensed electrician if the wiring in your home is damaged or incompatible

with your fixture.

Always wear the proper PPE such as safety glasses and gloves.

Tools

• Screwdriver
• Non-contact voltage tester
• Work light or headlamp
• Ladder
• Wire strippers

Materials

• New light fixture

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AUXILIARY OUTLET

Electrical outlets (also known as outlets, electrical sockets, plugs, and

wall plugs) allow electrical equipment to connect to the electrical grid. The
electrical grid provides alternating current to the outlet. There are two primary
types of outlets: domestic and industrial. While not obvious from looking at
them, the two sides of an electrical outlet represent part of a 'loop of wire' and
plugging an electrical device into that outlet completes that loop, which allows
electricity to flow through the device so it can operate. In other words, each side
of an electrical outlet acts as a terminal.

Domestic sockets

Domestic electrical outlets supply 120 volts in North America and 220-240 volts
in Europe, with most nations having outlets supplying voltages similar to one of
those two values. Socket size and shape vary greatly from country to country
(see figure 1), and for more information on the various sockets and plugs used
around the world, visit World Wanders. These differences don't change the basic
design for creating a circuit to draw electricity from the grid. Throughout these
different designs some fundamental components remain the same for most
types of sockets.

Polarization

Most outlets are polarized for safety. Polarized plugs can only be inserted into
them one way (which seems annoying, but is actually an important safety
feature). In North America, this is accomplished by having two differently sized
slots in addition to the rounded grounding slot, the larger of which is called the
neutral line, and the smaller called the hot line (see figure 2). The neutral is
connected by a wire to ground, so its voltage is 0 V. Instead, the hot slot
supplies the voltage required to draw current, and when a plug is inserted into
the socket, the energy flows in from the hot slot, through the circuit, and ends
at the neutral, which disperses the energy into the ground. Of course, to
complete the circuit all the way back to the generator, the neutral is also
connected back to the original distribution system in addition to being grounded
at multiple locations.

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Grounding

Most modern sockets in North America have a grounding slot in addition to the
hot and neutral (see figure 3). The grounding wire is connected much like the
neutral, as it also connects to a grounded neutral tie block. The grounding slot is
important for devices with a metallic casing or metal-cased power supply, like
computers. If a hot wire in the internal circuitry of an electronic device frayed or
somehow came into contact with a metallic casing, the entire device would then
become a serious shock hazard. However, the grounding wire is directly
connected to the casing of the device and will neutralize the risk of shock by
diverting current to the ground, which will trip the circuit breaker, and stop the
current flow to the device. Also, the ground prong will be longer than the neutral
and hot prongs so that the device is grounded before it ever becomes "hot" or
"live."

Outlet types include:

TWO-PRONGED RECEPTACLE

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Two-prong outlets are outlets featuring only two wires—a neutral wire and a hot
wire. These outlets are typically found in older homes, as they were the
standard option before the 1960s.

GROUNDED RECEPTACLE

The standard 3-prong receptacle is called a grounding receptacle because it

allows a grounding wire to be connected from the electrical circuit to the
appliance. The grounding wire is connected to the third prong of the plug.

TAMPER-RESISTANT RECEPTACLE

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These receptacles have spring-loaded shutters that close off the contact
openings, or slots, of the receptacles.

ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER RECEPTACLE

Eaton's Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) receptacles are designed to recognize
dangerous arcs in your wiring and immediately break the flow of electricity, thus
preventing your electrical system from becoming an ignition source for a fire.

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SURGE SUPPRESSION RECEPTACLE

A surge suppressor, sometimes optimistically called a surge protector, is a

device inserted in the alternating current (AC) utility line and/or telephone line
to prevent damage to electronic equipment from voltage spikes, or transients. A
more accurate term for this type of device is transient suppressor.

USB RECEPTACLE

The USB 'receptacle' is the mechanical connector - the thing you plug a USB
cable into. That consists of electrical contacts in a plastic-and-metal housing.
The USB 'port' describes the connector, communication electronics, software
and any power supply electronics needed by the equipment the port is in.

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Lightning Fixture Replacement

o Turn off the power. Turn on the light you plan to replace. Go to your breaker
box and turn off the respective breaker. Ensure the light is off, indicating
that the power is off.
o Remove the light fixture. There are usually two to three screws or knobs to
remove. Sometimes the trim will twist off, revealing the screws. You should
never have to pry hard to remove anything. You may need a helper to hold
the light fixture while disconnecting the wires. Never leave the fixture
hanging by the wires.
o Confirm the power is off. You can never be too sure that the power is off.
Use a non-contact voltage tester to test the wires. Touch the wires with the
tester. If the tester is green, the power is off, and it’s safe to work on. If the
tester is red, the power is on.
o Disconnect the wiring. Take a photo first to refer to it when rewiring the new
fixture. Next, twist the wire nuts counterclockwise to remove them. Throw
the wire nuts out because you cannot reuse wire nuts. Twist the wires
counterclockwise to disconnect them and remove the fixture.
o Remove the mounting bracket. Every fixture comes with its own mounting
bracket. They are usually attached to the wiring junction box but may be
attached to the wall. Carefully remove the screws and the bracket. You may
need to patch the holes if the new fixture does not cover them.
o Install the new mounting bracket. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for
installing the new bracket. The brackets are typically installed with two
screws into the junction box.
o Connect the wiring. Generally, there are three wires – one black, one white
and one bare wire. These wires will connect to the corresponding colors in
the junction box wiring. Use wire strippers to remove 1/2-inch- of the plastic
jacket if needed. Twist the wires together in a clockwise direction. Twist the
new wire nuts over the wires in a clockwise direction. Stuff the wiring inside
of the junction box.
o Mount the new light fixture. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to
mount the new light fixture onto the mounting bracket.
o Install light bulbs and trim. Most light fixtures come with trim to cover the
hole in the wall or purely decorative trim. Follow the manufacturers to finish
up the installation.
o Test the light fixture. Turn the breaker back on and test to ensure your light
is working.

Is it safe to replace an outlet?

Once there is no current, you can be confident the outlet is safe to replace. Keep
in mind that different voltage testers emit different signals to indicate that the
outlet still has access to electricity. Make sure the tester you're using is
equipped with working batteries before you proceed with replacing the outlet.

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 Self-check 2.3-2

TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if otherwise.
Write your answer in the space provided.

1. Two-prong outlets are outlets featuring only two wires—a neutral

wire and a hot wire.
2. The USB 'receptacle' is the mechanical connector - the thing you
plug a USB cable into. That consists of electrical contacts in a
plastic-and-metal housing. The USB 'port' describes the connector,
communication electronics, software and any power supply
electronics needed by the equipment the port is in.
3. A surge suppressor, sometimes optimistically called a surge
protector, is a device inserted in the alternating current (AC) utility
line and/or telephone line to prevent damage to electronic
equipment from voltage spikes, or transients.
4. The standard 3-prong receptacle is called a grounding receptacle
because it allows a grounding wire to be connected from the
electrical circuit to the appliance. The grounding wire is connected
to the third prong of the plug.
5. The grounding wire is connected much like the neutral, as it also
connects to a grounded neutral tie block. The grounding slot is
important for devices with a metallic casing or metal-cased power
supply, like computers.

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Downloaded by Charisse Inaanuran ([email protected])
 Answer Key 2.3-2

1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE

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 Performance Task 2.3-3

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 Performance Criteria Checklist 2.3-3

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LEARNING OUTCOME 4: NOTIFY COMPLETION OF WORK

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

• Final checks are made to ensure the work conforms with instructions
and requirements
• Supervisor is notified upon completion of work
• Tools, equipment and any surplus resources and materials are, where
appropriate, cleaned, checked and returned to storage in accordance
with established procedures
• Work area is cleaned and made safe

CONTENTS:

• Processes, Operations, Systems

o Maintenance of tools
o Storage of tools
• Checking and conforming procedures for installation based on job
requirement
• Good housekeeping

CONDITION:

The following resources MUST be provided:

• Workplace location
• Tools and equipment appropriate to roughing-in, wiring and cabling
works and installation processes
• Materials relevant to the proposed activity
• Drawings and specifications relevant to the task

ASSESSMENT METHOD:

• Written test or examination

• Direct observation and questioning
• Demonstration (able to impart knowledge and skills)

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 LEARNING EXPERIENCE

Learning Outcome No. 4

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 Information Sheet 2.4-1 NOTIFY

COMPLETION OF WORK

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to:

1. Checking and conforming procedures for installation based on job

requirement.
2. Good housekeeping

Power tools need to be stored in a dry, clean place. Storing power tools in a
moist environment can lead to problems with the electrical components and
cause corrosion. This can cause safety issues or cause your tool to stop working
completely. Tools also should be stored inside a case or cabinet when not in use.

With installation, correctly installing electrical systems is vital to ensure the

safety of those working with or near the equipment and to prevent any
damaging electrical fires. Maintenance is equally important, as it helps to keep
equipment running safely and efficiently.

Clean, Inspect and Care for Tools

Make it a habit to clean tools after each use before you return them to
storage. Wipe them down with a rag or old towel and be sure they are free of
dust, grease and debris before you put them into their proper places. This is
also an opportunity to look for any damage or defects.

Check the handle and body casing of the tool for cracks or other
damage. If the tool has auxiliary or double handles, check to see that they
installed securely. Inspect cords for defects: check the power cord for cracking,
fraying, and other signs of wear or faults in the cord insulation.

8 Maintenance Tips for Long-Lasting Power Tools

Your tools are your most valuable asset. They are what make doing your job
possible. Effective power tool maintenance is the key to making those tools last
and protecting your investment. Most tool maintenance practices are very
simple, easy habits that you can apply daily.

Cool Down Heated Tools

Overworking a tool puts a lot of stress on its motor and can cause it to
overheat. This mostly happens when you are trying to work through a difficult
material, like drilling into concrete or sawing a very hard wood. Overheating can
also occur if you run a tool too long without stopping. If your tool seems like it is
getting hot, stop what you are doing and give it a break until it can cool down.
This will help save you from wearing out the motor or burning out parts.

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Clean Regularly

For your best tool maintenance, power tools should be cleaned at the
end of every shift and before they are stored away for the night. You can wipe
dirt and other particles from the outside casing with a good cleaning cloth.
Compressed air is the best option to clean the particles from the tool’s vents;
cleaning your tool’s exhaust vents with a brush could push the dirt farther into
the tool and inadvertently cause more damage later.

Lubricate

Lubrication is a must to keep all the moving parts on your power tools
working properly. Check the tool maintenance section of your owner’s manual
and follow the manufacturer’s instructions on how to correctly lubricate your
tool’s model and which lubricant to use. Keeping your tool well-lubed keeps the
parts from chafing, heating and corroding.

Sharpen Bits and Blades

Using old and worn-out drill bits or saw blades means you have to work
your power tool even harder to get the job done. This causes extra stress on the
motor which can damage parts or cause the tool to overheat with stress.
Likewise, it is also important to make sure you are using the right bit for the
material you are working

Calibrate

Power tools are precision instruments. They use a lot of moving parts
that need to remain in alignment. The tool maintenance schedule in your user’s
manual will outline when a tool should be recalibrated, usually after a specified
amount of use hours. Most tool companies offer calibration services for their
products.

Tool Storage

Power tools need to be stored in a dry, clean place. Storing power tools
in a moist environment can lead to problems with the electrical components and
cause corrosion. This can cause safety issues or cause your tool to stop working
completely. Tools also should be stored inside a case or cabinet when not in use.
This helps eliminate excess dust and particles getting into the tools through the
vents when not in use.

Replace Worn Parts

As your tool gets used, some parts will eventually need to be replaced.
One of the most common replacements is the tool’s carbon brushes, which are
responsible for conducting electricity through the motor. If your tool has a drive
belt, like in a belt sander or some power saws, monitor it for wear and replace
worn drive belts before they snap. Power cords and switch assemblies are also

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parts that tend to become damaged over time and are known for needing
replacements.

Battery Care

Lithium-ion batteries are the current standard for power tools. One of
the most important factors to keeping your lithium-ion battery well maintained
is to manage heat. Allowing a battery to overheat can fry it beyond repair. Store
your batteries in a climate-controlled area and avoid leaving it in places where
the temperature spikes (such as in the back of an enclosed truck). Do not let the
battery run completely down before recharging it.

Implementing daily maintenance routines is the best way to prevent problems

with your power tools. A simple dusting can remove dirt and particles that could
otherwise end up in your gears or start corroding your electrical system.
Keeping your tools clean, cool and effectively oiled is a sure way to get the most
out of them.

Ways to make your equipment last longer

➢ Read the User Guide

➢ Use the Correct Equipment For The Job
o Using the right piece of equipment to carry out a task will
avoid unnecessary wear and tear on machinery, as well as
assist with completing the job in the best possible way.
➢ Know Your Machinery
o Before using a piece of equipment, ensure you, and all other
operators, know how it works and what it is for. Carry out a
test run if possible. You should also be aware of the age of the
equipment, expected life span, warranty information and any
known issues and fixes. This will ensure it is used in the
correct way to prevent breakages and for safety, and you will
know what to expect of it and if it doesn’t meet these
expectations.
➢ Inspect Regularly
o Regular inspections on equipment can point up
inconsistencies and issues that may not be noticed in day-to-
day use. Repair or replacement can then be arranged before
the issue gets any worse and causes damage to the
equipment or becomes unsafe. Depending on the nature of
the equipment, it may be mandatory to thoroughly examine
regularly by a qualified engineer.
➢ Carry Out Regular Maintenance, Using a Schedule
o If something goes wrong, if is usually imperative that it is
fixed quickly and correctly. Regular servicing can avoid
unnecessary large outlays.
➢ Replace Parts When Needed

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 o With equipment that is being used a lot, smaller parts will
wear and need replacing to keep it running to the best of its
ability. It is best to change them as soon as they need
replacing, as this will often prevent damage or wear to other
parts. It’s good to keep a small stock of popular parts that you
use of a lot of, so you have them to hand to prevent
equipment down-time.
➢ Clean After Use
o Cleaning equipment after using, especially equipment being
used for concrete, or muck and waste, will prevent built-up of
excess in moving parts, which can cause breakages or loss of
movement. A quick rinse down at the end of a shift, while the
waste is easy to remove, can save a lot of time the next day.
➢ Repair and Refurbish, Rather Than Replace
o When your equipment starts looking and tired and doesn’t
quite work as well as the day you bought it, it is tempting to
go with the easy option and replace it.
➢ Store Correctly
o Storage is important when it comes to looking after
equipment, especially smaller pieces of equipment that can
easily get lost or damaged on a busy construction site. The
majority of hard-wearing equipment is weatherproof and
designed to withstand harsh conditions, however, it will
usually last longer if looked after and stored in its correct,
safe, visible position.
➢ Use Quality Equipment
o As famously quoted by Warren Buffett “Price is what you pay.
Value is what you get.” As with anything in life, you get what
you pay for. If you are willing to spend a little more for a
superior quality piece of equipment, the likelihood is that you
will still be using it long after you would an inferior piece.
Quality is also safety, so by using better equipment the
operator will be less at risk of danger.

Safety tips: When working around energized lines, wear non-conductive

clothing and required personal protective equipment, including insulated rubber
gloves. Never touch electrical lines or equipment in wet conditions. Do not leave
electrical contacts or conductors exposed.

A good housekeeping program plans and manages the orderly storage

and movement of materials from point of entry to exit. It includes a material
flow plan to ensure minimal handling. The plan also makes sure that work areas
are not used as storage areas by having workers move materials to and from
work areas as needed.

Good housekeeping includes identifying electrical hazards such as

extension cords and overloaded circuits. Dust or lint build up on machinery or

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work surfaces is not a safety hazard. Good housekeeping takes a lot of time
away from other tasks. A neat and clean work area helps improve emergency
response.

Electric Cleaning Equipment

Box Sweeper − It is electric sweeper that consists of a friction brush.

The brush often is fit to revolve vertically or horizontally, when the equipment
moves on the surface. It can clean floors as well as carpets. The wider the
better is the box sweeper brush.

5 OF GOOD HOUSEKEEPING

SORT. Focuses on eliminating unnecessary items from the workplace that are
not needed for current production operations.

SHINE. Once the clutter that has been clogging the work areas is eliminated
and remaining items are organized, the next step is to thoroughly clean the
work area. Daily follow-up cleaning is necessary to sustain this improvement.

SET IN ORDER. Focuses on creating efficient and effective storage methods to

arrange items so that they are easy to use and to label them so that they are
easy to find and put away.

STANDARDIZE. Once the first three 5S's have been implemented, the next
pillar is to standardize the best practices in the work area. Standardize, the
method to maintain the first three pillars, creates a consistent approach with
which tasks and procedures are done.

SUSTAIN. Focuses on defining a new status quo and standard of work place
organization. Without the Sustain pillar the achievements of the other pillars will
not last long.

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 Self-check 2.3-2

IDENTIFICATION: Write the correct answer on space provided.

1. It is electric sweeper that consists of a friction brush. The brush

often is fit to revolve vertically or horizontally, when the
equipment moves on the surface. It can clean floors as well as
carpets. The wider the better is the box sweeper brush.
2. It is a must to keep all the moving parts on your power tools
working properly.
3. Need to be stored in a dry, clean place. Storing power tools in a
moist environment can lead to problems with the electrical
components and cause corrosion.
4. Focuses on eliminating unnecessary items from the workplace that
are not needed for current production operations.
5. Focuses on defining a new status quo and standard of work place
organization. Without the Sustain pillar the achievements of the
other pillars will not last long.

INUMERATION: List 5 of Good Housekeeping.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

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 Answer Key 2.3-2

1. Box Sweeper
2. Lubrication
3. Power tools
4. Sort
5. Sustain
6. Sort
7. Shine
8. Set in order
9. Standardize
10. Sustain

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Trainee’s Name: Date:

COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS:

TRAINER: DATE:

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