Scribd
Upload
36 views

Point To Point Protocols

This document discusses different types of point-to-point network switching including circuit switching, message switching, packet switching, and cell switching. It describes circuit switching as requiring the establishment of a dedicated physical path before information transfer. Packet switching breaks messages into variable length packets to improve mean delay times compared to message switching. Cell switching uses fixed size cells, like 53 byte cells in ATM networks. The document also discusses connection-oriented versus connectionless networks, with connectionless using datagrams and connection-oriented using virtual circuits which require path setup before packet transmission.

Uploaded by

Sandakini Manodya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views

Point To Point Protocols

This document discusses different types of point-to-point network switching including circuit switching, message switching, packet switching, and cell switching. It describes circuit switching as requiring the establishment of a dedicated physical path before information transfer. Packet switching breaks messages into variable length packets to improve mean delay times compared to message switching. Cell switching uses fixed size cells, like 53 byte cells in ATM networks. The document also discusses connection-oriented versus connectionless networks, with connectionless using datagrams and connection-oriented using virtual circuits which require path setup before packet transmission.

Uploaded by

Sandakini Manodya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Point-to-Point Network

Switching

Networks: Switching 1
Point-to-Point Network Switching

• Circuit Switching, Message Switching,


Packet Switching, Cell Switching
• Connection-Oriented versus Connectionless
• Virtual Circuit versus Datagram Networks
• Internal/External Abstractions

Networks: Switching 2
Point-to-Point Switching

• Circuit Switching
• Store-and -Forward Networks
– Message Switching
– Packet Switching
• connection-oriented vs connectionless
• virtual circuit vs datagram
– Cell Switching

Networks: Switching 3
Circuit Switching
• Seeking out and establishing a physical
copper path from end-to-end definition] .
• Circuit switching implies the need to first
set up a dedicated, end-to-end path for the
connection before the information transfer
takes place.
• Once the connection is made the only delay
is propagation time.

Networks: Switching 4
Circuit Switching

Figure 1. (a) Circuit switching. (b) Packet switching.

Networks: Switching 5
Store-and-Forward Networks
• Intermediate processors (IMPS, nodes,
routers, gateways, switches) along the path
store the incoming block of data.
• Each block is received in its entirety,
inspected for errors, and retransmitted
along the path to the destination. This
implies buffering at the router and one
transmission time per hop.

Networks: Switching 6
Message Switching
• A store-and-forward network where the block
of transfer is a complete message.
• Since messages can be quite large, this can
cause:
– buffering problems
– high mean delay times

Networks: Switching 7
Packet Switching
• A store-and-forward network where the block
of transfer is a complete packet. A packet is a
variable length block of data with a tight
upper bound.

 Using packets improve mean message delay.

Networks: Switching 8
Cell Switching

53 bytes

• A network where the unit of transfer is a


small, fixed-size block of date (i.e., one cell).
• ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
networks use 53-byte cells.

Networks: Switching 9
Packet Switched Networks
Packet switching may be classified into connectionless packet
switching, also known as datagram switching, and
connection-oriented packet switching, also known as virtual
circuit switching. Examples of connectionless protocols are
Ethernet, Internet Protocol (IP), and the User Datagram
Protocol (UDP).

Connection-oriented Protocols

– A setup stage is used to determine the end-to-end


path before a connection is established.

Networks: Switching 10
Connection-Oriented Concatenation of
Virtual Circuits

Internetworking using concatenated virtual circuits.

Networks: Switching 11
Packet Switched Networks
Connectionless Protocols

– No set up is needed.
– Each packet contains information which allows the
packet to be individually routed hop-by-hop
through the network.

Networks: Switching 12
Connectionless Internetworking

A connectionless internet.

Networks: Switching 13
Datagram vs Virtual Circuit
Datagram
– Each datagram packet may be individually routed.
Virtual Circuit
– Virtual circuit set up is required.
– All packets in a virtual circuit follow the same
path.

Networks: Switching 14
Event Timing

Networks: Switching 15
External
Virtual Circuit
And Datagram
Operation

Networks: Switching 16
Internal
Virtual Circuit
And Datagram
Operation

Networks: Switching 17

You might also like