See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/355059552

Design and Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Solar PV System Using

PV- Syst Software

Thesis · October 2021

CITATIONS READS

0 266

1 author:

Bilal Alam
Aligarh Muslim University
7 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF GRID CONNECTED SOLAR PV SYSTEM USING PV-SYST SOFTWARE View project

Design And Performance Analysis Of Grid Connected Solar Pv System Using Pv-Syst Software View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Bilal Alam on 05 October 2021.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF GRID
CONNECTED SOLAR PV SYSTEM USING PV-SYST
SOFTWARE

PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF

Bachelor of Engineering
in
Electrical Engineering

Submitted by
BILAL ALAM
Fac. No.: 17EVB-852
Enroll No.: GH4396

Under the supervision of

Dr. Mohd Tariq

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH, (U.P.) INDIA 2020
2021
 IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST
GRACIOUS AND THE MOST MERCIFUL
Dedicated
To
My Parents
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH. (INDIA)

Project Approval Sheet

The project entitled "Design and Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Solar
PV System Using PVsyst Software" submitted by Mr. Bilal Alam, Department
of Electrical Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and
Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, is approved for the
award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering.

Internal Examiner External

Examiner

(Prof. Salman Hameed)

Chairman
Department of Electrical Engineering
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
 Acknowledgement
First of all, I would like to thank the supreme power the
Almighty ALLAH who is obviously the one who has always
guided me to work on the right path of life. Without his grace
this project could not become a reality. Next to him are my
parents, whom I am greatly indebted for me, brought up with
love and encouragement to this stage.
I am feeling oblige in taking the opportunity to sincerely
thanks to Dr. Mohd Tariq for their able guidance and support
in completing my project.
At last but not the least I am thankful to my group mates:
Alina Naaz, Safwan Mustafa, Tausif Akram who have been
always helping and encouraging me throughout the year.
I have no valuable words to express my thanks, but my
heart is still full of the favour received from every person.
 ABSTRACT

Electricity is an important source of energy in daily life. Now days, we

are totally depending upon the electrical appliances. That’s way, whole world

focused on renewable sources of energy like solar energy to produce electricity.

The performance of a photovoltaic system depends on the geographical location

and type of PV modules used. PV system is useful in areas having good amount

of solar incident radiation. It was observed that Aligarh has a better availability

of solar energy. Aligarh receives an annual average diffuse solar radiations were

observed to be 7.92MJ/m2-day. In this paper, we simulate the grid connected

solar photo-voltaic system using the computer software PVsyst v-7.0.10.17617.

Total amount of energy generated by the solar grid connected system and

various losses occurring in the system are analysed and presented.

 CONTENT

Acknowledgement
Abstract
Content
Abbreviation

CHAPTER: 1. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER: 2. GRID-TIED PV SYST
CHAPTER: 3. METHODOLOGY
A. PV-Syst Software
B. Irradiation Data
C. Orientation and Horizon
D. Case Study
CHAPTER: 4. INPUT REQUIREMENT
A. Location
B. Tilt Angle
C. Azimuth Angle
D. Albedo
E. Module and Inverter Specification
F. Diffused Solar Radiation
G. Economic Analysis
CHAPTER: 5. SIMULATION RESULT AND PERIMETERS
CHAPTER: 6. CONCLUSION
 ABBREVIATION

GCPVS Grid-connected PV system

SAPV Stand Alone PV system

PV Photovoltaic

IR Irradiation

kWp Kilowatt peak

UP Uttar Paredes

KW Kilowatt

Mwh Megawatt hour

PR Performance Ratio

GlobHor Global horizontal IR

DiffHor Horizontal diffuse IR

GlobInc Global incident in coil, plane

GlobEff Effective global,corr. For IAM and Shading

E_Grid Energy injected into grid

Q Quantity

W Wattage (Watt)

TW Total Wattage
 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
 CHAPTER 1:

INTRODUCTION

The present energy situation isn’t sustainable, as fossil fuel reserves are

diminishing, In [1], [2]as of 2020, most experts believe that we’ve around40 to 80

years of non-renewable energy available and this may not be ready to satisfy the

increasing demand related to economic development and population increase. While

the fossil fuels, we consume represent 28% of the world's gas emissions released

annually. Also, fuel combustion causes pollution, which is dangerous for humans,

plants, and animals.

The global solar market is burgeoning & it’s predicted that the globe will have 1

trillion watts of installed solar PV capacity by 2030. About 5,000 trillion kWh/year of

energy is incident over India’s surface area with most parts receiving 4-7

kWh/sq.m/day. In [2]–[4]Solar, photovoltaic power can effectively be harnessed to

produce large-scale ability in India. Solar also provides the flexibility to get power on

a distributed basis and enables rapid capacity addition with short lead times. Off-grid

decentralized and low-temperature applications will be advantageous from a rural

electrical perspective and meeting other energy needs for power and heating and

cooling in both rural and concrete areas. From an energy security perspective, solar is

that the most secure of all sources, since it’s abundantly available. Theoretically, a

little fraction of the whole incident alternative energy (if captured effectively) can

meet the entire country’s power requirements. National Institute of solar power has
assessed the Country’s solar potential of about 748 GW assuming 3% of the waste

surface area to be covered by Solar PV modules. Solar power has taken a central place

in India’s National Action Plan on global climate change with National Solar Mission

mutually of the key Missions.

The country’s solar installed capacity was 35,739 MW as of 31st August 2020.

There are three main sorts of solar PV and storage systems: grid-tied, grid/hybrid, and

stand-alone/off-grid. In this paper, a grid-connected solar PV system’s design and

analysis are completed with the assistance of PV-Syst software[1], [5]. The PV-Syst

software could be a tool that enables the study, sizing, and data analysis of complete

PV systems[6],[7]. It deals with grid-connected, stand-alone, pumping, and DC-grid

(public transportation) PV systems, and includes extensive metro and PV system

components databases, also as general solar power tools. This software is incredibly

useful for computer modeling and analyzing schemes because it’s very reliable and

accurate.
 Chapter 2
. GRID-TIED PV SYST
 CHAPTER 2:

GRID-TRID PV SYST

A PV System, inverters and other balance system components, such as

mounting system, charge controller, cables, power transformers and necessary

batteries, are included in the grid connected bound PV system. The choice of

components depends on the device requirements and the requirements of the customer

are defined in [8], [9]. Figure: 1shows a schematic view of a photovoltaic system

connected to the grid.

Figure: 1. Grid-Connected Solar PV system

The DC current generated by GCPVS is converted into an AC Current with the

help of inverters. Solar array compatibility and optimized sizing are a major concern

in solar PV system performance system design. The important factor of the inverter

must be noted in conjunction with the device design for power and frequency rating.

In [10], [11] other connected grid components that are also very significant, such as

switches, wire, connectors, and the assembly of device mounting.

 Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
 CHAPTER 3:

METHODOLOGY

The weather monitoring station at the Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh latitude

and longitude is shown in Table: 1.

Table: 1. Latitude and longitude of Aligarh

Longitude Latitude

Aligarh 27.8974 N 78.0880 E

A. PV Syst Software:

PV software is generally used for the estimating and simulating the costing, ageing,

estimation of number of inverters of PV panels. In all over the world, PV syst is used

for developing a project. The following steps are needed to obtain a final report.

B. Irradiation Data:

The IR data was derived from the satellite data of Metronorm 7.3. The IR data

obtained reflected hourly synthetic value of Aligarh ambient temperature, beam,

diffused and global IR for the whole year as shown in Figure: 2. The statistical

equivalent of the deployed power plant GCPVS was measured and simulated using the

metronorn 7.3 satellite data file.

 250
Global horizontal ir Horizontal diffuse IR Temp Relative humidity
200

150

100

50

Figure: 2. Synthetic Generated Meteo Data Aligarh

C. Orientation and Horizon:

In this paper we have simulate 123 kWp PV system for a fixed tilt optimization

with respect to latitude and longitude of concerned location. For improving efficiency

and performance fixed tilt angle has been replaced by two axis variables. The

orientation was followed in order to create equivalent real time simulation of the

present system in PV-syst.Figure: 3, shows the orientation with fixed tilt for system.

Figure: 3. Orientation with fixed tilt for system

D. Case Study:

In this proposed work, we design a solar PV rooftop rooftop Grid connected system

for load expenditure of 1828.635 kWh/day is examined. Table: 2, shows the load data

and daily energy consumption of thegiven location.

• Total wattage of the whole system =132.125 KW

• Total daily consumption daily basis=1828.635 Kwh/day

Table: 2. Load data and daily energy consumption

Load Q W TW Time Consumption
(Wh/day)
Air Purifier 4 20 80 18 1440
Air 58 750 43,500 16 6,96,000
ConditionMachines
(window/Ductable
split)
Air Cutter 03 220 660 12 7,920
Ceiling Fan 223 75 16,725 16 2,67,600
Pedastal Fan 27 55 1,485 15 22,275
Ex. Fan 40 150 6,000 12 72,000
Wall Fan 135 30 4,050 18 72,900
Cabin Fan 31 75 2,325 8 18,600
Desert Cooler 37 200 7,400 12 88,800
Fridge 02 250 500 24 12,000
Hat convector 04 2000 8,000 8 64,000
(Blower)
Electric Water 02 4500 9,000 8 72,000
Heater
instant Geyser
Inverter 05 5000 15,000 2 30,000
Mono Block 01 750 750 2 1,500
pump 2HP
Stabilizer 12 750 9,000 24 2,16,000
Servo Stabilizer 08 450 3,600 24 86,400
Water Cooler 05 750 3,750 24 90,000
Water Purifier 02 150 300 24 7,200
& Aqua
Guard
 Chapter 4
input
requirement
 CHAPTER 4:

INPUT REQUIREMENT

As each location absorbs varying levels of solar IR radiation, the architecture

of the PV system is based on location. This is because of the orientation of precise

place (longitude and latitude) with respect to the face of the sun.

A. Location:

Aligarh is a city which is situated in Northern India at latitude and longitude

27.8974 N, 78.0880 E respectively. Aligarh has a plane terrain. This system is

designed for 132 KW power for Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh to meet total load of

the whole system of the library.

B. Tilt Angle:

The angle of incident is known as the angle of slope at which the solar panel is placed

or faces the sun. The location of the sun varies with respect to every time of day.so

mounting angles of the panels often keep changing. The tilt angle is often taken to be

equal to the latitude of the location[12]. Tilt angle and latitude angle are taken to

optimize the sum of the solar energy on the plates. Based on the optimal value of tilt

angle, we have found annually IR yield.Figure 4, shows the tilt angle of the given

system.
 Figure 4.Tilt and azimuth angle

C. Azimuth Angle:

Azimuth angle defines the direction of the sun. It’s taken as zero as the panels are

mounted facing south in northern hemisphere. Figure 4, Describes the Azimuth angle.

D. Albedo:

The calculation of the reflectivity of the surface of the earth is Albedo. It depends on

the texture of the earth’s position (latitude and longitude). The value fluctuates from 0

to 1. It is higher in snowy regions, We have inferred an albedo value of 0.5 for Aligarh

owing to the concrete surface [13].

E. Module and Inverter Specification:

For sizing of 132 kW PV system at Aligarh, we use Somera VSM.72.350.05 poly

crystalline silicon modules of 350W each and Generic Inverter. table: 3, shows the

specification of inverter and PV panels.

 Table: 3. Specification of Inverter and PV Array
A.PVArray Characteristics

1. Manufacturer.
2. Mode. Somera
B. Number of PV modules. VSM.72.350.05
1. In series.
2. Inparallel. 18 modules
3. Total Number ofmodule.. 21 string
4. Unit Nom.Power. 378
350 Wp
C. Inverter

1. Manufacture. Generic
2. Model. TRIO-TM-50_0-400

F. Economic Analysis:

The system is designed for a commercial load of 132KW in Maulana Azad library

at Aligarh. The tilt and the azimuth angle shown in table: 4. Average solar irradiation

in UP state is 1156.39 W / m2. 1kW solar rooftop plant will generate on an average

over the year 4.6 kWh of electricity per day (considering 5.5 sunshine hours). Table:

4, Shows the MNRE solar Rooftop data.

Table: 4. From MNRE Solar rooftop calculator

A. Size of Power plant 132.2 kw
B. Cost of the plant.
1. MNRE currentBenchmark cost. 36000 Rs/Kw
2. Without subsidy (Based on current MNRE 4752000Rs
Benchmark)
 3. With subsidy 0 (Based on current MNRE
Benchmark) 4752000Rs

C. Total electricity generation from the plant.

1. Annual 182160Kwh
2. Life time (25years) 4554000Kwh
D. Financial Savings. (tariff @5.5/KWh )
1. Monthly. 83490 Rs
2. Annually. 1001880 Rs
3. Life time (25years) 25047000 Rs
E. Carbon dioxide emission mitigated is. 3734 tones.
F. The installation will be 5975 (teak trees over the life
equivalent to planting. time)
 Chapter 5
SIMULATION AND
Result
 CHAPTER 5:

SIMULATION AND RESULT

PV-syst is a software which can provide all the details that needs to design

SAPV and GCPVS [9], [14],[10]. It calculates PV modules, size of inverters, battery

size,pv module, loss factor energy calculation, hourly profile, P-V curve, maximum

power point and also the economic analysis. PV syst provide proper location, tilt angle

and necessary data. Figure: 5, shows the systematic loss of the solar grid connected

PV system. The solar grid connected PV system’s losses are shown step by step in the

loss diagram. There are number of losses occur in solar PV array and module such as

module mismatch loss, wiring loss, converter loss during operation, loss in converter

due to threshold power, battery efficiency loss, charge and discharge current

efficiency loss, loss in the inverter due to threshold power, Pv loss due to temperature,

unused energy. After rectifying the inverter, the grid input iscalculated.

PR indicates the ratio between output of the inverter and output of the PV

array. Figure: 6(a) shows the performance ratio. The required performance ratio is

33.1% which means that 66.9% of power of the total energy generated by the solar

power plant is lost. Normalized Production is calculated from the simulation study as

shown in Figure: 6 (b). Some of the important factors are shown in the graphical

representation such as the unused energy, collection loss, system losses and battery

charging.
 Figure: 5. Loss diagram of the whole year

(a) (b)
Figure: 6. (a). Performance Ratio (b). Normalized Production
September August July June May April March February January

GlobHor
150.1 156.0 152.7 177.5 206.6 191.1 176.7 129.2 105.5
KWh/m2

DiffHor
80.2 92.9 101.5 105.5 99.0 82.2 65.8 48.0 48.8
KWh/m2
Performance Ratio,T.amb and etc.

T_Amb
29.40 30.86 31.90 32.92 33.62 30.09 24.08 17.93 13.73
℃

GlobInc
160.3 153.1 141.7 162.7 195.3 196.0 202.6 165.1 142.6
KWh/M2

GlobEff
156.3 148.7 137.2 157.8 190.0 191.2 198.1 161.9 139.9
KWh/m2

15.12 14.42 13.37 15.11 17.84 18.09 19.21 16.22 14.52 EArrayWh

14.81 14.12 13.10 14.80 17.45 17.70 18.82 15.90 14.25 E_GridWh
Table: 5, represents the final and main result for 132KW solar power plant.

0.698 0.697 0.699 0.688 0.675 0.683 0.702 0.728 0.755 PR Ratio
This table shows the Global horizontal irradiation, Energy injected into grid,
Yearly December November October

1810.8 106.3 116.0 143.1

892.5 45.1 52.0 71.4

25.63 15.55 20.47 26.40

1994.3 150.4 154.8 169.7

1946.6 147.6 151.7 166.3

190.45 15.15 15.22 16.18

186.61 14.87 14.94 15.85

0.707 0.747 0.729 0.706

Chapter 6
CONCLUSION
 CHAPTER 6:

CONCLUSION

Design and performance analysis of grid connected solar PV system of Maulana Azad

Library at Aligarh, UP using PV syst software, in this paper and the following

conclusion were drawn.

• The average Solar irradiation in Uttar Pradesh is 1156.39 W/m2 and 1 kw

solar roof top plant will generate on an average over the year 4.6KWh of

electricity per day.

• The maximum energy supplied to the grid is 18.82Mwh for a month of May

and the least amount of energy supplied is 13.10Mwh for this month of July.

• The annual energy supplied to grid is 186.61Mwh.

• The average annual performance ratio of this solar PV system is 70.7%

which is sufficient.

This result indicate that this design and performance analysis of grid connected solar

PV system plan will be of profitable to installer due to operational advantage.

 REFERENCE

[1] A. Chouder, S. Silvestre, N. Sadaoui, and L. Rahmani, “Modeling and simulation of a

grid connected PV system based on the evaluation of main PV module parameters,”
Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 46–58, 2012, doi:
10.1016/j.simpat.2011.08.011.
[2] E. Román, R. Alonso, P. Ibañez, S. Elorduizapatarietxe, and D. Goitia, “Intelligent PV
module for grid-connected PV systems,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp.
1066–1073, 2006, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2006.878327.
[3] B. Marion et al., “Performance Parameters of Grid Connected,” no. 1, pp. 1601–1606,
2005.
[4] D. H. W. Li, K. L. Cheung, T. N. T. Lam, and W. W. H. Chan, “A study of grid-
connected photovoltaic (PV) system in Hong Kong,” Appl. Energy, vol. 90, no. 1, pp.
122–127, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.054.
[5] R. Kumar, C. S. Rajoria, A. Sharma, and S. Suhag, “Design and simulation of
standalone solar PV system using PVsyst Software: A case study,” Mater. Today
Proc., no. xxxx, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.785.
[6] J. Selvaraj and N. A. Rahim, “Multilevel Inverter For Grid-Connected PV System
Employing Digital PI Controller,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 149–
158, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.928116.
[7] “https://www.pvsyst.com/software-evaluation/.” .
[8] Y. Dong, J. Huang, M. Ding, H. Li, and S. Zhang, “Performance test and evaluation of
photovoltaic system,” IET Conf. Publ., vol. 2015, no. CP679, pp. 1–4, 2015, doi:
10.1049/cp.2015.0500.
[9] V. P. Sharma, A. Singh, J. Sharma, and A. Raj, “Design and simulation of dependence
of manufacturing technology and tilt orientation for 100kWp grid tied solar PV system
at Jaipur,” 2016 Int. Conf. Recent Adv. Innov. Eng. ICRAIE 2016, 2016, doi:
10.1109/ICRAIE.2016.7939508.
[10] S. J.L., P40_Renewables 2014 global status report. 2014.
[11] N. Kumar, P. Yadav, and S. S. Chandel, “Comparative analysis of four different solar
photovoltaic technologies,” Int. Conf. Energy Econ. Environ. - 1st IEEE Uttar Pradesh
Sect. Conf. UPCON-ICEEE 2015, 2015, doi:
10.1109/EnergyEconomics.2015.7235077.
[12] M. J. Ahmad and G. N. Tiwari, “Optimum tilt angle for solar collectors used in India,”
Int. J. Ambient Energy, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 73–78, 2009, doi:
10.1080/01430750.2009.9675788.
[13] Y. Ma, G. Li, and R. Tang, “Optical performance of vertical axis three azimuth angles
tracked solar panels,” Appl. Energy, vol. 88, no. 5, pp. 1784–1791, 2011, doi:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.018.
[14] P. Yadav, N. Kumar, and S. S. Chandel, “Simulation and performance analysis of a
1kWp photovoltaic system using PVsyst,” 4th IEEE Spons. Int. Conf. Comput. Power,
 Energy, Inf. Commun. ICCPEIC 2015, pp. 358–363, 2015, doi:
10.1109/ICCPEIC.2015.7259481.

View publication stats