PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTURE

MODULE 1
Module I

ARCHITECT’S ACT 1972

 Functions and powers, Architects Regulations,

 Architect’s office and its management.

 Role of Indian Institute of Architects

 Code of conduct for architects, punitive action for professional

misconduct.
 ARCHITECTS ACT,1972

• The Architects Act of 1972 is a legislation in India that regulates the architectural
profession in the country.

• The act was enacted to provide for the registration of architects and to regulate
their practice.

Key points about the Architects Act 1972:

1. Establishment of the Council of Architecture (COA): The act establishes the Council
of Architecture, which is a statutory body responsible for regulating the
architectural education and practice in India.

2. Registration of Architects: The act provides for the registration of architects. Only
those individuals who are registered with the Council of Architecture are
recognized as architects and are authorized to use the title "Architect" and
practice architecture in India.
 ARCHITECTS ACT,1972

3. Qualifications for Registration: The act specifies the educational qualifications

and other requirements that an individual must fulfill to be eligible for registration
as an architect. Typically, a recognized architectural degree or diploma is required.

4. Architectural Education Standards: The act empowers the Council of

Architecture to prescribe the minimum standards of architectural education in
India and to regulate the courses and curricula offered by architectural institutions.

5. Professional Conduct and Ethics: The act lays down the standards of professional
conduct and ethics for registered architects. It sets out the principles that
architects must adhere to in their practice to maintain the integrity and reputation
of the profession.
 ARCHITECTS ACT,1972

6. Maintenance of Register: The Council of Architecture maintains a register of

architects, which contains the names of all registered architects in India.

7. Penalties for Unlawful Practice: The act specifies penalties for individuals who
practice architecture without being registered with the Council or for those who
violate the professional conduct and ethics standards.

8. Recognition of Foreign Qualifications: The act also addresses the recognition of

foreign qualifications in architecture for the purpose of registration with the Council
of Architecture.
 SCOPE ,ROLE AND FEATURES
• To protect the title “Architect”.

• A clear distinction between qualified and unqualified persons.

• To create a body corporate by the Name of “ Council of Architecture “.

• For the enrolment of persons who hold degree or diploma of Architecture.

• Prescribed the standard of professional conduct and code of ethics for qualified
and registered architects.

• To hold enquiries into misconduct of the registered architects and taking suitable
action.

• The Act was extended to the whole of India.

• The Act had 4 chapters with 45 sections and a schedule of qualifications.

 Architect’s office and its management.

Running an architect's office requires a combination of creative talent, business

acumen, and efficient management skills. Whether you are starting your own
architectural firm or working in an established one, effective office management
is essential for success. Here are some key aspects to consider when managing an
architect's office:

1. Vision and Mission:

Clearly define the vision and mission of architect's office. What is your firm's
purpose, and what do you aim to achieve through your projects? Having a clear
direction will guide your decision-making and help you stay focused on your
goals.

2. Organizational Structure: Establish a well-defined organizational structure for

your office. Identify key roles and responsibilities for each team member, and
create a hierarchy that promotes efficient workflow and communication.
 Architect’s office and its management.
3. Client Relations: Maintain strong and positive relationships with clients. Effective
communication, understanding their needs, and delivering quality designs and services
will build trust and ensure client satisfaction.

4. Project Management: Implement robust project management practices to ensure

that projects are completed on time and within budget.

5. Financial Management: Keep a close eye on the financial aspects of your office.
Budget wisely, monitor expenses, and establish a transparent financial reporting
system.

6. Human Resources: Hire skilled and motivated architects and support staff. Foster a
positive work environment that encourages creativity, collaboration, and continuous
learning.

7. Technology and Tools: Embrace technology and architectural software to enhance

design capabilities and streamline processes. Invest in tools that improve efficiency and
accuracy in design, documentation, and communication.
 Architect’s office and its management.

8. Quality Control: Establish a rigorous quality control process to ensure that all
projects meet the highest standards. Regularly review designs and deliverables to
catch errors and maintain consistency.

9. Marketing and Branding: Develop a strong brand identity for your office and
promote it through various marketing channels. Showcase your portfolio,
participate in industry events, and use social media to expand your reach and
attract potential clients.

10. Professional Development: Stay updated with the latest trends, technologies,
and advancements in the architectural field.

11. Sustainability Initiatives: Integrate sustainable design principles into your

projects and promote environmentally conscious practices. Clients increasingly
value sustainability, and incorporating it into your designs can give an office a
competitive edge.
 CLASS ACTIVITY 1.

Prepare a chart showing your Internship Training office

management system.
 THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ( IIA)
HISTORY

The Architectural Student’s Association (1917-22)

•On May – 12th, 1917 - the first meeting held -the members present decided to form
themselves into an association of the past students of Architecture of Sir J.J. School of
Art - “The Architectural Students Association”.

•Late Mr. George Wittet, the then Consulting Architect to the Government of
Bombay, was unanimously elected as the first “President” of the Association.
The Bombay Architectural Association (1922-29)

Mr. Batley was elected President in 1921 - members began to seriously consider an
improvement in status of the Association.

The word “Students” seemed inapt for a body that had now practicing Architects
- General Meeting held on the 15th June 1922- the changes in the
Bye-Laws
Constitution- and
were unanimously approved and in the 3rd ordinary meeting of the
members on 3rd August 1922, Mr. Batley, President, announced the formal
inauguration of the Association.
Affiliation To The Royal Institute Of British Architects (1925)

•As for back as the beginning in 1922, there had been tentative visions of affiliation with
that powerful and Empire-Wide architectural body - The Royal Institute of British
Architects.

•The first examination could be held only in 1930.

•The five year Diploma Course inaugurated in 1923, was recognized for exemption
from the intermediate examination.
The Indian Institute Of Architects (1929)

• Affiliation with R.I.B.A. in 1925 led to consideration of further changes in the existing
Constitution and Bye-Laws.

• It was on 2nd September 1929 that the new body was re-organized in Bombay and
officially registered as “THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS”.

• In 1929, the membership was 158. Today it has crossed the 20,000 mark.
Its chief objects were;

•“To continue the work of the Bombay Architectural Association.

•“To encourage the study of Architecture, to elevate the standard of Architectural

Practice and by mutual support, to promote the interests of Architects throughout
India”.

•The Institute began its activities in the room of the Sohrab F. Bharoocha
Architectural Library, Bombay and this therefore was the first permanent
headquarters for the various activities of the Institute.

•Now - Prospect Chambers Annexe, Dr. Dadabhai Naoroji Road, Mumbai.

•The IIA is registered under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860 as a
voluntary organisation of Architects.
ROLE AND ACTIVITIES

• The Institute has a major role to play in promoting the profession of architecture.

• The programs are conducted through its Chapters and Centres who communicate
with the public in various regional languages by using the press and electronic
media.

• Public lectures are also arranged on celebrating days such as the World
Environment Day, the World Habitat Day etc.

• The IIA Publications Board and the Editorial Committee publish the Journal of the
Indian Institute of Architects (JIIA) and a Newsletter every month.

• Organizing and uniting the fellowship of architects within and outside the country.
• Encouraging the planning and building standards of architectural
education,training and practice.

• Inventing and imposing the means of testing the qualification of candidates for
admission to the member institute.

• Considering all questions effecting practice of architecture and making necessary

arrangements for changes suitable architectural practice.

• Coordinating the activities of the building industry and architecture profession in

association with other bodies and institutions.
MEBERSHIP OF IIA

Student Member

• A student from College of Architecture

• A membership fee will be there.
• Can participate programmes conduct by IIA
• Cannot attend the general body meetings.
• Can use the libraries of IIA Centres and Head office.

Associate Member

• A graduate from College of Architecture

• Minimum age 21 years.
• Can participate programmes conduct by IIA
• Can attend the general body meetings and have voting rights.
• Can use A.I.I.A after his name.
Fellow Member

• An indication of seniority in profession.

• Minimum age is 36 with professional experience of 10 years.
• Can write as F.I.I.A after his name.
• Only he can practice as Arbitrator.
• All other rights are same as associate.

Honorary Fellow Member

• A person may not be a qualified architect but has contributed to

architectural profession in some way.
• Elected by the IIA Council.
THE COUNCIL OF IIA

• All activities and affairs of the Institute – managed by Council.

• Consist of,
• A President.
• 2 Vice –presidents
• 2 secretaries
• 1 treasurer
• 1 editor
• 7 members

• The immediate past president and chairman of all zones,state chapters,and

city centres are also the members of the Council.

• Council hold its office for 2 years period.

CHAPTER & CENTERS

• There are ,
22 Chapters,47 Centers and 14 Sub centers all over India.

Chapters

1. Andhra Pradesh. 13. Madhya Pradesh

2. Assam. 14. Maharashtra
3. Bihar. 15. Northern
4. Jharkhand. 16. Odisha
5. Chandigarh. 17. Punjab
6. Chhattisgarh. 18. Rajasthan
7. Goa. 19. Tamil Nadu
8. Gujarat. 20. Telangana
9. Haryana. 21. UP & Uttarakhand
10. Himachal Pradesh. 22. West Bengal
11. Karnataka.
12. Kerala.
 Centers in Kerala

1. Thiruvananthapuram
2. Thrissur
3. Calicut
4. Cochin
5. Kannur
6. Kollam
7. Kottayam
8. Malapuram

Sub Centers in Kerala

1. Palakkad
 ARCHITECTS REGULATIONS, 1989
(PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT)

 The Code of Conduct for architects outlines the ethical principles and
professional standards that architects must adhere to in their practice. It is
designed to ensure the integrity, responsibility, and accountability of
architects, promoting the best interests of clients, society, and the
profession as a whole. While specific codes may vary slightly from one
professional organization or country to another, the core principles remain
consistent.

 Here are some common elements found in the Code of Conduct for
architects:
 ARCHITECTS REGULATIONS, 1989
(PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT)

 Integrity and Honesty

 Competence and Skill
 Client Relations
 Confidentiality
 Public Health and Safety
 Sustainability and Environment
 Professional Independence
 Respect for Colleagues and Peers
 Continuing Professional Development
 Legal Compliance
 Social Responsibility
 ARCHITECTS REGULATIONS, 1989
(PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT)

 In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) ,sub-section (2) of Section

45 of the Architects Act, 1972, the Council of Architecture, with the approval of
the Central Government, hereby makes the following regulations to promote
the standard of professional conduct/ self- discipline required of an Architect.

 These regulations may be called with Architects (Professional Conduct)

Regulations, 1989.
Every architect, either in practice or employment, subject to the provisions of the
Central Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, 1964 or any other similar rules applicable to an
Architect, he shall –
ensure that his professional activities do not conflict with his general responsibility to
contribute to the quality of the environment and future welfare of society.
apply his skill to the creative, responsible and economic development of his country.
provide professional services of a high standard, to the best of his ability.
if in private practice, inform his Client of the conditions of engagement and scale of
charges and agree that these conditions shall be the basis of the appointment.
 not sub-commission to another Architect or Architects the work for which he has
been commissioned without prior agreement of his Client,

 not give or take discounts, commissions, gifts or other inducements for

the introduction of Clients or of work,

 act with fairness and impartiality when administering a building contract,

 promote the advancement of Architecture, standards of Architectural

education, research, training and practice.
 conduct himself in a manner which is not derogatory to his professional
character, nor likely to lessen the confidence of the public in the profession, nor
bring Architects into disrepute

 compete fairly with other Architects,

observe and uphold the Council's conditions of engagement and scale of
charges,

 not supplant or attempt to supplant another Architect,

 not prepare designs in competition with other Architects for a Client without
payment or for a reduced fee (except in a competition conducted in accordance
with the Architectural competition guidelines approved by the Council), etc.
 comply with Council's guidelines for Architectural competitions and
inform the Council of his appointment as assessor for an Architectural
competition

 when working in other countries, observe the requirements of codes of

conduct applicable to the place where he is working ,

 Not have or take as partner in his firm any person who is disqualified for
registration by reason of the fact that his name has been removed from
the Register under Section 29 or 30 of the Architects Act, 1972.
 Punitive action for professional misconduct

 Punitive actions for professional misconduct in architecture vary depending on the severity of
the misconduct, the laws and regulations in a particular country or jurisdiction, and the
policies of relevant architectural boards or professional organizations.

1. Warning or Reprimand: In less severe cases, a formal warning or reprimand may be issued
by the architectural licensing board or professional organization.
2. Fine: Architects found guilty of misconduct may be required to pay a monetary fine as a
penalty for their actions.
3. Suspension of License: In more serious cases, the architect's license to practice may be
suspended for a specified period. During the suspension, the architect is not allowed to
engage in architectural practice.
4. Revocation of License: In extreme cases of misconduct, the architect's license to practice
may be permanently revoked.
5. Probation: An architect may be placed on probation for a certain period, during which they
must comply with specific conditions or restrictions. Failure to adhere to the terms of
probation may lead to further disciplinary action.
Thank You