See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/355895278

A method proposal for interior design analysis via Villa Savoye.

Article in Journal of Art and Architecture Studies · June 2020

DOI: 10.51148/jaas.2020.2

CITATION READS

1 3,807

1 author:

Nilay Özsavaş Uluçay

Mugla Üniversitesi
33 PUBLICATIONS 60 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Nilay Özsavaş Uluçay on 13 December 2021.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 5
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51148/jaas.2020.1

A METHOD PROPOSAL FOR INTERIOR DESIGN

ANALYSIS VIA VILLA SAVOYE

Nilay Özsavaş Uluçay

PhD, Assoc. Prof., Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Turkey

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to examine the subject of modernism and the
Research Article international style and to analyse a building of that period. The study provides a
method for interior design analysis. In order to make interior analysis, a system
consisting of basic design principles and architectural design criteria has been created.
PII: S238315532000002-9 According to this method, space is evaluated in two parts as physical environment that
includes architectural and interiors parts and aesthetic environment that includes
elements of design and principles of design. In the study, interior design analysis of
Received: 05 May, 2020 Villa Savoye designed by Le Corbusier is performed. Villa Savoye, which constitutes the
Revised: 10 June, 2020
basis of the design principles of the modern period and is one of the important
Published: 15 June, 2020
examples in interior design, is analysed according to this method. As a result of this
examination, Villa Savoye has been found to have the characteristics of the term
appropriately but also has some application problems. With this study, it is aimed to
 Corresponding author: contribute literature about interior design analysis method and adapt this method to a
E-mail: [email protected] building.

KEYWORDS: Interior Design Analysis, Method Proposal, Modernism, The

International Style, Villa Savoye.

INTRODUCTION new technologies during the nineteenth and

twentieth centuries [6].
At the end of the 19th Century, modernism emerged The International Style is the modern
with the development of the industry. It is used to architectural trend that came to the fore in the 1920s
describe a style other than traditions. Coates, and 1930s. Modernism and the International Style
Brooker and Stone [1] describe that modernism is a began to replace the tradition-oriented and
movement that developed between 1890-1960, modernistic directions [7]. It is based on a book by
defining the modern world, and being a social as well Henry Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson for the
as design and architecture. As a new cultural International Exhibition of Modern Architecture in
approach, modernism is based on the idea of seeking New York in 1932. This exhibition was held to
simple solutions to the requirements of the age and describe modern architectural works and the style.
questioning everything [2]. The ideas of modernism In this style, the seminal figures are Ludwig Mies
spread in the first period of the 20th Century. In van der Rohe, Walter Gropius, J. J. P. Oud and Le
architecture, it is an apparent, smooth, pure and Corbusier [8]. Pile [7] emphasizes that all works in
complete approach that the function is at the the exhibition have similar qualities: “flat roofs,
forefront. Adolf Loss, Frank Lloyd Wright, Peter smooth (and usually white) walls, large areas of glass
Behrens, Auguste Perret, Le Corbusier, Walter and asymmetrical planning, along with a total of any
Gropius, Mies Van Der Rohe are regarded as historical or ornamental detail”.
pioneers of modernism [3]. Thomas Broad [4] says As tastes changed and the construction industry
that the term of modern in architecture cannot have embraced the technology necessary to detail and
any other meaning, which is “honestly build to this new aesthetic, industrial products
contemporary”. Nevertheless, Colquhoun [5] states became features and in many instances, along with
that modern architecture is a term that is open to the parallel decline in the use of ornamentation,
interpretation that can mean more than one. Based came to define the essential character of a work of
on abstraction and anti-historical expression, architecture [9].
architecture was seen as an expression form in art in In the International Exhibition of Modern
modernism and it also emerged increasingly from Architecture, there were eleven works and the
interior illustrations were included in these works.

2020 SCIENCELINE
Citation: Özsavaş Uluçay N (2020). A method proposal
for interior design analysis via Villa Savoye. J. Art Arch. Journal of Art and Architecture Studies
Stud., 9 (1): 05-13.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51148/jaas.2020.2 JAAS ISSN 2383-1553
J. Art Arch. Stud. 9(1): 05-13, June 15, 2020
6
Özsavaş Uluçay, 2020

This was one of the basic principles of modernism, functionality, and spatial structure, Villa Savoye is
as architectural design included interiors and these not only a good example of the international style
illustrations had the same features such as the and five points of modern architecture Le Corbusier
absence of historic and ornamental detail just like based on his architectural view but also becomes a
the external form of the building [7]. “Among the milestone that has a great impact on interior design.
principles of the International Style, volume, For this reason, it is aimed to conduct space analyses
regularity, and the avoidance of applied decoration of Villa Savoye within the determined method, which
were explored in special detail” [10]. reflects all the features of the period. Due to the fact
Villa Savoye, which is the subject of this study, is that it is one of the important examples of modern
one of the important examples of the International period interior design and its widespread influence
Style. In this project, the mentioned internal- on today's design approach, this structure was
external relationship is emphasized to a great extent. chosen as a sample.
The project was designed by the Swiss origin French
architect Le Corbusier (Charles Edouard Jeanneret) METHODOLOGY
(1887-1965). For Philip Johnson who was curated
and co-authored the catalogue and book of the This study aims to present a method for analysis of
exhibition, Le Corbusier's "Vers Une Architecture" many studies in the field of interior architecture. As
signalled the beginning of the new style [11]. Le a result of the researches, it is seen that there is no
Corbusier is known with his designs in the style of certain method for analysing the space. It is
Modernism and the International Style. He believed anticipated that determining the criteria for interior
the aesthetic of engineering for modernism and his design analysis will be useful for guiding future
designs was always regulated by an orderly, studies and creating a systematic analysis. To create
mathematical modular system [12]. According to Le a method, the definitions and limitations of
Corbusier; “Architecture is the masterly, correct and profession determined by international federations
magnificent play of masses brought together in light” (such as IFI: International Federation of Interior
[13]. Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret explained Architects/Designers, ASID: American Society of
five points towards a new architecture in 1926. The Interior Designers), and the criteria determined by
first item is the supports that he expresses as the accreditation institutions of interior
“pilotis”. Thus, the walls cease to be carriers and the architecture/design education (such as ECIA:
mass is separated from the floor by columns. The European Council of Interior Architects, CIDA: The
second one is the roof gardens. Gardens are located Council for Interior Design Accreditation) are taken
on the flat for the natural environment and into consideration. In addition to the mentioned
structural harmony. The third one is the free criteria, the classifications and definitions in the
designing of the ground-plan. Free plan design can books of Pile [12] and Ballast [16] are discussed and
be made because the walls are not any longer an analysis scheme is created. In this context, the
carriers. The fourth item is the horizontal windows building is aimed to be handled separately within its
(ribbon windows). Horizontal windows along the physical and aesthetic environment.
facade and providing light to the rooms. The fifth Considering as a part of a whole, it is seen that
item is free design of the facade. It provides free the aesthetic and physical needs of the structure are
designs that separate the facade from the structural defined by the general needs. These emerge from the
function of the building [14]. Roth [15], emphasizes needs of the whole rather than a singular function
that the five points of modern architecture [17]. In Pile’s book there are three stages of space
mentioned by Le Corbusier, are seen in Villa Savoye evaluation. These are Function, Structure and
with its structural frame with pilotis that lift the Materials, Aesthetics. When these three stages are
mass off the ground, its free plan by means of the examined in detail; function stage consists of the size
concrete frame, highlighting the floors from the and shape of space, placement, and choice of
carrier columns, horizontal windows providing good furniture, circulation, lightning and acoustical
illumination and a roof garden inspired by the environment. Structure and materials stage consists
Mediterranean architecture. of material selection according to function,
Interior design, which was a tradition before the durability, maintenance ease, good quality
20th century, started to be seen as a profession with construction and cost, safety and environmental
the 20th century. In this period, there were two conditions [12]. In this study space analysis divided
different approaches in professional practices, both into two parts. In the first part, the physical
traditionalist and innovative. With its simplicity, environment deals with function, structure, and
 7

J Art Arch Stud. 9(1): 05-13, 2020

materials as a whole. This section is divided into Click to Enlarge

architecture and interiors design. Information about
the structure and the function is given, construction,
facade, mass, mechanical systems, wall, ceiling,
floor, dominance, and circulation are examined in
this section. The second part, called aesthetic
environment, is evaluated in two sections as
elements of design and principles of design. In Pile’s
book [12]; design elements are point and line; form
of shape; texture, pattern, ornament; value and
colour; opacity, transparency, translucency. And
principles of design are size, scale, proportion; unity
and variety; balance; rhythm; emphasis. For Figure 1. Villa Savoye, Poissy, France [18].
evaluating space design, harmony and light should
be in the list of analysis. In the book of Ballast [16], Physical enviro nment
elements of design are form, scale, colour, texture, Villa Savoye is known as a structure where five
pattern, and light; also the principles of design are basic principles of Le Corbusier on architecture can
balance; harmony and unity; rhythm; emphasis and be seen. The villa was designed as a residence and
focus; contrast and variety; proportion. Thus, the later started to be used as an exhibition gallery. It
aesthetic part of the method is completed with these was built in Poissy, near La Seine River, 30 km from
sections. The classification required for a space Paris in France. It is located on large green land and
design analysis is determined. The analysis scheme is located separately from the main street and other
used in the study is below. residential areas.
1) Architectural (function, structure,
Table 1. Interior design analysis scheme material and mechanical systems): The
building was designed primarily as a residence, and
Physical Environment Aesthetic Environment
it is observed that suitable solutions are made for
Function the housing function. However, there is currently no
Form
Architectural

Structure function plan other than exhibiting. With a ramp,

Elements of

Scale
Material
Design

Mechanical Systems
Colour general usage, core concept, integrated design with
Texture
-electrical, sanitary,
Pattern nature, and adequate space analysis show usage in
acclimatization, fire,
security
Light accordance with the function plan. Villa Savoye
looks like a box raised from the ground and is
Balance
Wall located on its thin columns. Le Corbusier had shown
Principles of

Harmony and Unity

Interiors

Ceiling
Design

Rhythm that the building could get carried to the columns

Floor
Emphasis and Focus without bearing walls. It was built using reinforced
Dominance
Contrast and Variety
Circulation concrete [19]. The facade has a simple mass. The
Proportion
horizontal windows of the house are not interrupted
Villa Savoye interior design analysis even in the open-top balcony section, the facades of
All the cited papers in the text must be listed in this section are also shown as living room windows.
References. All the papers in References must be Birksted [20] states that Le Corbusier created a
cited in the text. Villa Savoye was designed by Le major turning-point in architecture with these
Corbusier and his cousin Pierre Jeanneret in 1926 in windows stated in five points of modern
Poisy / France for the Savoye family. It is among the architecture.
11 projects exhibited in the International Exhibition At other times, they hold a thin metal section
of Modern Architecture and is one of the best window frame, painted black and set nearly flush
examples of the International Style. Villa Savoye put with the white concrete wall, except for a minimal
its stamp on this period with its simplicity and drip. The wall itself creates a rebate on the internal
design; horizontal windows, terrace gardens, and face, providing the window with a ledge. The
the structure separated from the ground with thin rebate is on the interior face of the wall, leaving the
columns. The mutual relationship between the external wall smooth and flat. Thus any differences
interiors and architectural structure draws between the outdoor openings of the internal
attention. courtyard and the internal window openings are
8
Özsavaş Uluçay, 2020

eliminated [20]. Le Corbusier [21] describes Villa and a free plan is formed. Ramps, fluidity in space
Savoye as “the house is a box above the ground, and correct analysis of circulation provide a free
perforated all around, without interruption, by a plan. Independence of interior walls from the
long horizontal window…“ The regular geometric structural system allows designing large,
ratio on the facade draws attention. The form of the uninterrupted and free spaces [23]. Also, the facade
villa gains motion with circular walls. The garage is design independent of the carrier, which was the
located at the bottom of the house and can be feature of that period, was allowed to horizontal
reached from a ramp. This ramp serves the windows without encountering the obstacle of the
transportation of all floors from the entrance to carriers.
terrace floor.

Figure 3. View of the carriers [24]

The building has a grid plan model and is in a

square form. It is calculated based on the golden
ratio and divided into two symmetrical areas. The
ramp, which is the vertical circulation area that
Figure 2. Villa Savoye floor plans [15] connects the floors to the intersection point of these
areas, is positioned [25]. The entrance hall, garage,
Detailed drawings of the building’s mechanical maid’s room, laundry room are at the entrance of
systems (electrical, sanitary, acclimatization) could the building. There is a ramp at the entrance that
not be reached. However, when the structure is leads the visitors up. Bedrooms, bathrooms, toilets,
examined, attention is paid to natural lighting. The kitchen, and living room are on the first floor. Also,
rooms were located according to the sun’s direction the roof designed as a terrace has a small garden.
and space arrangements had been made according The ramp continues from the hall on the first floor
to the natural lighting. Clean and wastewater to the solarium and roof terrace on the second floor.
systems show an innovative approach compared to The terrace and garden roof create free usage as in
the period in which they built. Besides, the free the whole structure.
passages of the spaces and the open terraces provide
natural air circulation. Drawings of fire and
security, heat, acoustics, graphics and guidance
could not be reached. However, in addition to the
dampness problem, it is stated with a letter written
by the homeowners that rainwater comes in [22].
This negative situation indicates that mechanical
systems were considered but there were problems in
Figure 4. The ramp [26]
the application.
2) Interiors (function, structure,
The relationship between the exterior and
material and mechanical systems): Savoye's
interior of the building is quite clear and excessive.
thin and numerous columns carrying the big body,
When we consider it as a house, we need to divide
creating the feeling of flying, constitute the carrier
spaces into private, semi-private, and public spaces.
system. The columns, which continue on all floors
While interiors are partially separated by the walls,
and the terrace, are not interrupted and it can be
the free plan set up, the interior-exterior
seen that they continue inside the windows in
relationship established with the windows
interiors. As the columns are not very rough in
surrounding the spaces, and the use of the roof as a
mass, the visibility of the system is an aesthetic
terrace reflect this. Carriers and windows are among
element. The carrier system and the dividing system
the main elements that dominate the building. In
consisting of walls are separated from each other
some interior walls, the use of dominant color and
 9

J Art Arch Stud. 9(1): 05-13, 2020

free plan layout draw attention. The dominant this integrity and openings. In the interior, its
element in the interior is the ramp that provides the appearance as thin columns adds an aesthetic
circulation of the space. Considering the interior appearance.
and exterior relationship, the density of the gardens Brooker and Stone [23] divided scale into
and the gardens on the terraces can be shown as the people, rooms, and buildings. As the building scale,
dominant element. the structure spreads over a large area. It has
lightened a heavy and large mass with the
appearance of hanging in the air. In the scale of the
room, the interior spaces are visually clear as they
are defined by a free plan. Transparency, which
does not interfere with the spaces instead of the
dominant walls that cover each other, supports the
fluidity of movement in the space. Considering that
Figure 5. Interior-exterior relationship [27] it is designed as a house, the area sizes of the rooms
and the distribution of the furniture show that the
Aesthetic environment spaces are very large in scale. This does not make
Pile [12] states that “in engineering, design may the interior of the building easy to perceive.
deal with sizing structural members, piping, or Some colours are seen as physical features
ducts, while in the fine arts it deals with the way an and/or cultural connotations [1] as well as certain
artist organizes the formal elements of line, shape, architectural period features. Colour, with its
color, and texture in a space.” In this study, physical and psychological effects, can provide the
aesthetic environment examined in two parts as perception of surfaces differently than they are. Tate
elements of design and principles of design. Villa states that [28] the effect of the colour used changes
Savoye has a sculptural structure that creates the by its interaction with other colours, the size and the
feeling of being on a pedestal. It has features to place of application, light, and textiles. For this
cover many principles in terms of design. The reason, factors such as usage style, location, and
correct integration and usability of these features intensity of use create a difference in the perception
with the function is important. It is seen that the of space. Villa Savoye has a reputation for showing
concept of the garden, terrace, and free plan in a an important feature of this period with its white
modern design affects the visual balance positively. mass. White shows itself as it is completely
intertwined with nature. In addition to columns that
1) Elements of design (form, scale, lighten the mass, horizontal windows provide
colour, texture, pattern and light): The form transparency. To balance all this whiteness, dark
should be examined in two aspects, two- and warm colours are used in the interior especially
dimensional and three dimensional. The term of the with wall surfaces and furniture. It can be said that
two-dimensional describes the plan of the structure this colour scheme indicates the characteristics of
and the term of the three-dimensional describes the the period.
form created by the architectural elements such as Textures that materials naturally have or that
furniture and columns beams [12]. In terms of form; can be applied to them often define the main
Villa Savoye is a rectangular prism designed in characteristics of space [29]. In addition to the
accordance with the principles of purity, simplicity technical properties of the materials, the texture and
which is the pioneer of modernism. This form is pattern of the surface they possess create many
disrupted only by the cylindrical walls surrounding perceptions such as temperature-coldness, weight-
the roof terrace sunbathing place, and the fixed lightness added by the colour. Looking at Villa
mass gains motion. Columns that lie inside Savoye in terms of texture and pattern; smooth
independently of the exterior and walls do not white wall and glass surfaces provide lightening in
partition indoors and create a unique effect. the texture. The dark colour preferred in furniture is
Transparency supports the relation of spaces with balanced with glass and metal parts. With the dark
each other. In the interior, the plan is divided colours and ceramic surfaces, smooth and white
symmetrically with the ramp in the middle. surfaces are tried to be balanced, but the whiteness
Horizontal dominant windows and width gather the of the very large areas created the feeling of
perception in this direction. The fact that the carrier emptiness in the space. The use of ceramic and
system is not reflected on the exterior also balanced mosaic in wet areas gives a bright and smooth
10
Özsavaş Uluçay, 2020

texture and a small size pattern. At the same time, balance is seen by dividing the centre with a ramp,
with the green area and terrace gardens the interior spaces are located asymmetrically. The
surrounding the building, the green texture is felt continuation of the windows in the terrace gardens
completely inside the house. Apart from these on the exterior and the arrangement of the columns
perceptions, different materials and textures are not provide balance by creating symmetry.
seen. Harmony in a composition is the agreement of
Light provides the realization of the vision event the parts to each other and the whole [16]. From the
by perceiving all the properties of the objects. All perspective of harmony, the architectural and
spaces in Villa Savoye are designed to receive interior design elements form a meaningful whole.
natural light. Since almost all of the spaces are in a This meaningful integrity is an indication that they
close and open relationship with the exterior, are in harmony with each other. Unity consists of
natural light can be used excessively. The direction the fact that the elements seemed to belong
of the hall opening to the terrace is south, with tall together, not randomly placed. Also, unity is formed
windows so that it can be fully illuminated by when all elements agree in design [32]. The
sunlight. The bedrooms are located in the south- windows and walls, the column and the carrier
east, north-east direction, the main bedroom is in system, and the interior spaces have a separate
the south and can receive natural light. Since unity in themselves. It is intended to create
natural lighting is sufficient, a different lighting harmony in the use of materials and colours in the
source is not needed during the day. Luminous facade and interior spaces of plain and simple lines,
windows from the ceiling have been opened to the which are characteristic of modern architecture. The
spaces without windows like bathrooms. However, dominant layout in the horizontal and numerous
it is stated that this had become quite noisy on rainy delicate columns in the vertical is in a meaningful
days [30, 31]. whole with each other.
Rhythm relates visual elements together in a
regular pattern. Rhythm is an important element in
both historic and modern design [12]. Repetition
produces rhythm [7, 32]. Looking at the whole
structure, there is a rhythm created with both
horizontal and vertical element repetitions. The
effects of surfaces on the rhythm continue with
forms and colours. Vertical perception of columns
and horizontal perception of windows is a rhythm
consisting of contrasts both in the interior and the
facade.
From the perspective of emphasis and focus, it
is the line with the ramp that dominates the design.
Despite the intensity of all horizontal and vertical
linear lines, the ramp that rises up to the roof and
reaches the roof is an indicator of fluency and
circulation, emphasis and focus interiors and
exteriors. At the same time, continuing both inside
and outside provides integrity. The spatial
dominance of terrace gardens is in the foreground.
The predominant use of white is dominant and is
supported in some places by primary colours. In
terms of lighting, it is seen that natural lighting is
Figure 6. Bathroom [1] the focus. Also, the internal-external relationship is
dominated by the perception of transparency.
2) Principles of design (balance, However, the scale focus point was not kept in the
harmony and unity, rhythm, emphasis and space-user relationship.
focus, contrast and variety, proportion): White [32] states that in order to one element to
Balance can be created in several ways such as dominate another there must be contrast and it is
symmetrical, bilateral symmetry, radial symmetry related to dominance. There are repetitions with the
and asymmetrical [12]. In the plan, symmetrical carrier system and opposite directions with the
 11

J Art Arch Stud. 9(1): 05-13, 2020

windows. Repetitions, hierarchy, and contrast lighting was provided in the interior and integrity
appear in all elements as a whole. The repetition of had been achieved with green nature.
horizontal windows on the facades, the repetition of In the study, physical environments, which are
the bearing system in the whole structure, the architecture and interior design, and aesthetic
circular walls rising on the roof despite the environments consisting of elements and principles
completely angular lines and the staircase form also of design are analysed. The building has been one of
show that there are contrast and variety in the the pioneers of modernism with an approach
design. beyond the age and has shown innovative
Proportion of an element is perceived according approaches in structure and material use. However,
to the whole or the parts next to it [12, 32, 16]. Villa problems with functional solutions and mechanical
Savoye is a structure in which the internal-external systems have not been unnoticed. Although
relationship is strongly established. As in free plan problems such as moisture and dampness were
understanding, there is no limit in interior spaces. encountered, the fact that the mechanical system
The design is free as the walls are saved from being was available at that time is one of the most
a carrier element. However, this freedom created in important features. Dominance and circulation
the interior of the building damages its suitability to issues are well emphasized in interior spaces, and
the human proportion and creates a feeling of free plan implementation is a great innovation for
emptiness with very large volumes. It is seen that design. Walls and floors are detailed, but lighting
the exterior and the structure are proportional, the windows related to ceilings have had negative
structure of the interior and the rooms do not have results.
the same proportion. When examined in terms of aesthetic
environment, the simple form and design details
used in the building are important for its period.
However, although the scale is properly worked on
the building, the relation of the interior space and
the furniture is in accordance with a monumental
structure rather than a house. White colour was
used predominantly following the style of the period
in which it was made, only some of the dominant
dark colours on the walls and the materials and
colours used in the furniture are also different. It is
seen that natural lighting is at the forefront
throughout the building, and even lighting windows
are considered in the bathrooms. Unfortunately,
homeowners had problems, especially in rainy
weather due to the noise coming from these
windows. The building plan provides a symmetrical
visual balance by ramp, architectural and interior
Figure 7. Exploded perspective drawing [33]. design elements have meaningful harmony. Unity is
seen in walls-windows, carrier system and the
facade. The fact that the horizontal windows and
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
openings can be kept so large is also due to the
positioning of the carrier system inside and adds an
Villa Savoye was designed with ideas beyond the era
aesthetic value to the interior. Rhythm is seen in
in terms of both architecture and interior space and
horizontal windows and structural repetitions.
became one of the pioneers of modern architecture.
Principles of design such as contrast and variety are
The building contains five points of modern
seen with emphasis and focus being on the ramp in
architecture that Le Corbusier based on his
the building centre, angular and circular lines, and
architectural view. Free plan has been implemented
directional contrasts.
that provides independence by removing the carrier
Considering all the criteria, two issues are open
feature of the walls. All carrier systems and walls are
to discussion. The suitability of the house on a
used as an aesthetic element. With the use of
human scale is particularly controversial about
horizontal windows and terrace gardens, natural
proportion. In addition, according to complaints
12
Özsavaş Uluçay, 2020

about moisture, humidity, and precipitation that [7] Pile J F (2005). A history of interior design. Second edition.
United Kingdom: Laurence King Publishing. Google
may arise from the application, had Villa Savoye Scholar
become a house that does not provide comfort for
[8] Anderson, S (1987). The Fiction of Function. Assemblage.
the users? 2: 18-31. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171086, Google
Scholar, JSTOR
CONCLUSION [9] Fixler D (2008). Appropriate Means to an Appropriate
End: Industry, Modernism, and Preservation. Apt Bulletin:
Journal of Preservation Technology, 39 (4): 31-36. PDF,
This study aims to present an interior design Google Scholar
analysis method proposal for examining a building [10] Schulze F (1996). Philip Johnson: life and work. Chicago:
in detail and contribute to the literature. As a University of Chicago Press. Google Scholar

conclusion, definitions and limitations of interior [11] Mallgrave HF (2005). Modern architectural theory: a
historical survey, 1673-1968. New York: Cambridge
architecture profession that determined by University Press. Google Scholar
international federations and the accreditation [12] Pile, JF (2007). Interior design. Fourth edition. New
institutions are examined. In addition, studies, Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
methods, and classifications conducted in this [13] Corbusier L (1986). Towards a new architecture. (Trans: F.
context have been investigated. And an interior Etchells) Mineola, NY: Dover Publications Inc. Google
Scholar
design analysis method is proposed. According to
[14] Corbusier L, Pierre, J (1926). Five points towards a new
this method, the building is examined separately in architecture. Conrads U. (Ed.) Programs and manifestoes
physical and aesthetic environment. To make the on 20th-century architecture. Cambridge: MIT Press.
method more readable an iconic building has been [15] Roth LM (1993). Understanding architecture. (Trans. E.
Akça) İstanbul: Kabalcı Publishing.
examined and the method has been adapted. Villa
Savoye has achieved a successful result in terms of [16] Ballast DK (2002). Interior design reference manual.
Belmont, CA: Professional Publications Inc. Google Scholar
design for the period of modernism. According to
[17] Behne A (1996). The modern functional building. (Trans.
the evaluations made in spatial analysis, it is seen M. F. Robinson). Santa Monica, CA: Getty Research,
that most of the stated principles have been Institute. Google Scholar
followed. As Le Corbusier has an important place in [18] Villa Savoye. http://www.villa-
savoye.fr/en/Explore/History-of-the-monument
the history of architecture and Villa Savoye has a (18.12.2019)
positive contribution to International Style and
[19] Courland R (2011). Concrete planet. Amherst, NY:
Modernism, detailed analysis is made for this Prometheus Books. Google Scholar
structure. And it leads to creating ideas for and [20] Birksted J (1999). Thinking Through Architecture. The
offers an insight into new designs. Journal of Architecture, 4 (1): 55-64. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/136023699374007, Google
Scholar
Competing interests [21] Corbusier L (1991). Precisions: on the present state of
The authors declares that there is no competing architecture and city planning. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
interests. Google Scholar
[22] de Botton A (2010). The Architecture of happiness. (Trans.
B. Tellioğlu). 4th edition. İstanbul: Sel Publishing. Link
REFERENCES [23] Brooker G, Stone S (2012). Form + Structure. (Trans: N.
Şık) İstanbul: Literatür Publishing. Link

[1] Coates M, Brooker G, Stone S (2011). The visual dictionary [24] Arch Daily. http://www.archdaily.com/84524/ad-classics-
of interior architecture and design, (Trans: N. Şık), villa-savoye-le-corbusier/ (18.12.2019)
İstanbul: Literatür Publishing. Google Scholar [25] Gast K P (2000). Le Corbusier: Paris Chandigarh. 1st
[2] Özsavaş Uluçay N (2018). Post-War Modernism: edition. Germany: Birkhäuser Architecture. Google Scholar
Römerstadt Housing and Frankfurt Kitchen. Online [26] Bluffton University.
Journal of Art and Design. 6 (2): 121-131. https://homepages.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/france/poissy
http://www.adjournal.net/articles/62/628.pdf /savoye/corbuindex.html (18.12.2019)
[3] Moffet M, Fazio M, Wodehouse L (2003). A world history [27] Untapped Cities. The Villa Savoye: A Modern Master’s
of architecture, London: Laurance King Publishing. Google Manifesto Realised.
Scholar http://untappedcities.com/2012/04/30/the-villa-savoye-a-
[4] Broad T (1932). What is modernism? Southwest Review, 17 modern-masters-manifesto-realised/ (18.12.2019)
(2): 209-215. Google Scholar, [28] Tate A (1987). The Making of Interiors: An Introduction.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/43466155 New York: Harper & Row. Google Scholar
[5] Colquhoun A (2002). Modern architecture. New York: [29] Gagg R (2019). Texture + Materials. (Trans: C. Uçar)
Oxford University Press. Google Scholar İstanbul: Oksijen Press.
[6] Higgott A (2007). Mediating modernism architectural [30] Sbriglio J (1999). Le Corbusier: la Villa Savoye the Villa
cultures in Britain. New York: Routledge. Google Scholar Savoye. Basel: Birkhauser Publishers. Google Scholar
 13

J Art Arch Stud. 9(1): 05-13, 2020

[31] Delhomme, J P, Savoye, J M (2020). The sunny days of [33] Macalister S (2014). Villa Savoye revit model- Le Corbusier.
Villa Savoye. Birkhauser Architecture. Google Scholar Exploded Perspective Drawing.
[32] White AW (2002). The elements of graphic design: space,
unity, page architecture, and type. New York: Allworth
Press. Google Scholar

View publication stats