Assignment 1

Questions

Question 1: With given example state the types hazards and how they are prevented:

a chemical

b physical

c electrical

d biological

e environmental

(25)

Question 2: state and explain the importance of ppes and ppcs in terms of safety (10)

Question 3: briefly explain the importance of nassa and the legislative framework to safety (10)

Question 4: briefly explain proper working height, safety measures taken, and standard operating
procedures in case of emergency.

Assignment 1

Answers

1 types of harzads, examples with solutions.

i. Chemical hazards are harzads cause by chemicals not handled correctly for example:

Storing flammable chemicals in containers partly coated in the substance they contain and poorly sealed
next to exposed electrical and partially broken cables. This scenario will result in two outcomes 1. If
there is a short circuit the partially broken cables will produce a spark hence igniting the flammable
chemicals coating the exterior of the container, even if the flames fail to reach the inner chemicals the
heat outside will be enough to heat the chemicals within causing pressure to buildup resulting in an
explosion an explosion.

Solution

Store chemicals in clean and sealed containers. If the chemicals are flammable ensure that there are no
possible fire harzads in the area and place a flammable warning label on the containers. Ensure that the
chemicals are stored at the correct temperature.

ii. Physical harzad

Example:

a. If someone is asked to grind a chisel and doesn't know how to operate a grinder but still agrees to do
the job the result will be a success if he was a genius, but in this case he will either end up with damaged
fingers or blind in one eye or both.

b. If the workshop doesn't have defined walkway and there is a pit some people would think that
jumping across the pit is a good idea and some will succeed, but when they fail to get to the other side
the consequences will be dire since some pits are about a meter deep, one will break a bone or two in
some cases paralysis and death are a possiblity.

c. Working in constraints or cramped areas will be harmful to the body in the long run.

Solution

Define safe walkways an if possible put a restriction tape or border if also give employees a tag which
shows his or her professional level and job type so as to allow outsiders to easily identify peoples trade.

Provide a wide and free working area this will improve working efficiency.

iii. Electrical harzads

These are harzads cause by electricity due to faulty wiring, short-circuits, exposed wiring etc

Example(s)

a. If an exposed electrically charged wire is in contact with water the circuit will work fine so long as the
current can still flow without hinderence, however if someone were to come in contact with the water
connected to the exposed electrical wire life as they know it may come to an end, but since it's a
industrial workshop surviving is God's grace.

b. If someone decided to fix an electric short-circuits without adequate or proper ppe the result is them
turning into an electrode earth conductor

Solution

Always wear personal protective equipment and clothing.

Do routine electrical fault checks.

iv. Biological
These are hazards caused by things of biological natural e.g. poisonous flowers, insects, waste materials
etc

Examples:

a. If a workshop waste disposal site is not managed correctly the site will attract rodents and rodents
attract snakes and snakes bite employees.

b. The workshop safety management should also keep track of the types of plants in the vicinity of the
workshop since some plants might be poisonous.

c. Rusty equipment can cut employees and inflict cuts and the rusty metal can cause disease.

Solutions

Wear ppcs and ppe at all times

Maintenance of equipment should be done periodically

Check equipment condition before use

v. Environmental harzads

Environmental harzads are caused by environmental factors e.g if a workshop is located next to a land
fill the probability of the employees getting sick is high and if the workshop lack's proper ventilation the
dust accumulation is also harmful to the lungs

Solutions

Proper ventilation of workshop

Good workshop location

Good waste management

2. The importance of PPE and PPCS

PPC

 Work suit help keep our inner clothes clean

 Vehicle stands prevented vehicles or objects from falling on us while underneath them
 Wheel chokes prevent the vehicles from moving while we work on them
 Vehicle jack help to easily lift the vehicle to create a tolerable working area underneath the
vehicle note: the vehicle jack is used hand in hand with the wheel chokes and stands and
should not be used if any of the two is missing since the risks of the vehicle falling on you or
even rolling over you are high.

3. The importance of nassa and the legislative framework to safety

Is to regulate and improve working environment for both employer and employees the legislative
framework compansate the injured employees and prevents the companies form wrongfully discharge
employees injured on the job. It protects companies from fraudulent employees who fake accidents to
acquire the benefits.

4. The proper working height is about 4-5m off the ground with a rope for support. While working on
with heights on mus have sufficient grip and balance so as to avoid falling of the height, even with a
support rope if the rope is in poor condition the top might break.

If in any case one was injured one should perform basic first aid on themselves if possible, and call for
assistance immediately.