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Ideology Assignment (New)

The document summarizes Pakistan's constitutional history from 1947 to 1956. It discusses the various constitutional reports and assemblies during this period. Key events include: 1) The adoption of the 1935 Government of India Act as the interim constitution in 1947. 2) The approval of the Objective Resolution in 1949 which outlined Pakistan's ideology. 3) The submission of three reports by the Basic Principles Committee outlining proposals for the constitution which were criticized for various reasons. 4) The dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly in 1954 and establishment of a second assembly in 1955 to complete the constitution making process.

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ABDUL MOIZ HUSSAIN
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45 views9 pages

Ideology Assignment (New)

The document summarizes Pakistan's constitutional history from 1947 to 1956. It discusses the various constitutional reports and assemblies during this period. Key events include: 1) The adoption of the 1935 Government of India Act as the interim constitution in 1947. 2) The approval of the Objective Resolution in 1949 which outlined Pakistan's ideology. 3) The submission of three reports by the Basic Principles Committee outlining proposals for the constitution which were criticized for various reasons. 4) The dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly in 1954 and establishment of a second assembly in 1955 to complete the constitution making process.

Uploaded by

ABDUL MOIZ HUSSAIN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ideology assignment

Topic: Pakistan Constitutional History


1947 – 1956
BS FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BATCH:2023-2027
SEMESTER: 1ST
SUBMITTED TO: PROF.ISRA SARWAR
SUBMITTED BY: 37.ZAHA-BINTE-HUSSAIN

UNIVERSITY OF HOME ECONOMICS LAHORE


Topic of Discussion
An overview of the Constitutional & Political History
of Pakistan form 1947 to 1956
Constitutional Development of Pakistan: 1947 to 1956
Pakistan was given the status of dominion status
under Independence Act 1947
§ Under Article "8" of above Act, Indian Act of 1935
adopted to be worked as an Interim Constitution
with necessary adjustments and alterations till the
time Pakistan frame its constitution

§ The First constitutional assembly elected Mr.


Jinnah as its first Governor General on 11th
August, 1947 unanimously

§ Objective Resolution was approved by this above


mentioned assembly on 12 March, 1949

§ Constituent Assembly devised various committees.

§ Basic Principles Committee (BPC) was the most


important in terms of drafting of the constitution
in the light of objective Resolution (1949).
§ Basic Principles Committee
§ BPC was comprises of 24 memberes

BPC
SUB-COMMITTEES

Federal & Provincial


Constitutional Franchise Judiciary
powers
Other committees and 1st Report (1950)

§ One important committee was "Talimat- i- Islamia


which was established in order to advice BPC
regarding Ideology of Pakistan
§ First Report of the BPC was submitted in
September, 1950

According to 1st Report:

Central Assembly
(Two Houses)

Upper House Lower House


On parity Basis On popular Basis

§ President can be removed by 2/3 majority


Adoption of Parliamentary system

Criticism on 1st Report:


Reaction from East Pakistan
Little about Islam
Ultimately rejected
2nd Report (1952)

Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din, the next Prime minister


submitted the 2nd Report on 1952

According to 2nd Report:


President would be Muslim;

Central Assembly
(Two Houses)

Upper House Lower House


On parity Basis 120 On parity Basis 400
(60 seats to Each wing) (200 to each wing)

Criticism on 2nd Report:


• East Pakistan was given upper hand
• Activation of de-stabilizing forces
• 1953 dismissal of the cabinet (dismissal of Khawaja
Nazimuddin's government)

Third Report: Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula


(1953) ( cont.)
CRITICISM on 3rd Report:
§ It suggested some difficult process but mostly
it was widely acceptable. Two languages, Urdu
and Bengali were approved as official
languages.
§ This is important that after the Formula, the
work began on constitution drafting because
the deadlock was over.
§ While in joint session, both wings had equal
representation:
East Pak West Pak
Upper House 10 40
Lower House 165 135

§ Joint Session
175 175

CRITICISM on 3rd Report:

§ It suggested some difficult process but mostly


it was widely acceptable. Two languages, Urdu
and Bengali were approved as official
languages.
§ This is important that after the Formula, the
work began on constitution drafting because
the deadlock was over.

Dissolution of 1st Constituent Assembly, 1954:

§ In October 1954, GG (Governor General) dissolved


the CA which proved a fatal blow to the
democratic process.
§ The dissolution of assembly was challenged in the
Sindh court by Maulvi Tamizuddin.
§ The court declared the dissolution illegal but the
Federal Court upheld the GG action but asked for
setting up an elected CA.

1954 Indirect Election:

§ Elections were held which was indirect viz just


on the provincial level in 1954
§ PML lost its representative character as it had to
face crushing defeat at the hands of Joint
Opposition Front in the provincial election of
East Pakistan 1954
Formulation of 2nd Constitutional Assembly
1955:
§ Ghulam Muhammad called a Convention on
May 10, 1955 consisting of 60 people which
later raised to 80, elected by the respective
provincial Assemblies,
§ All its members were to be elected indirectly (by
the provincial assemblies). In this way, the 2nd
CA came into existence.
§ Coalition government in collaboration with
United Front under the leadership of
Mohammad Ali was formed.
§ The Convention was vested with the task of
completing constitution making.

One Unit Scheme Sept. 1955:


§ This second Constituent assembly solved the
problem of representation by making West
Pakistan as one unit by enactment of a law on
30th September, 1955.
§ The inclusion of two persons viz; Major Gen.
Sikandar Mirza & Ayub Khan worked as the
beginning of new phase in political history of
Pakistan
§ An announcement was made by Gen. Sikandar
Mirza that Pakistani people lack capabilities to
run democratic institutions, therefore,
controlled democracy would be introduced.
§ The new draft of constitution was presented on
29th January, 1956 in assembly and got
Governor General consent on 2nd March and
enforced on 23rd March.
§ 1956 constitution was comprises of 13 chapter,
6 schedules and 234 Articles
§ Parliamentary form of government was adopted
§ With the support of 2/3 majority, an
amendment can be introduced
§ 1956 of constitution (cont.)
§ Federation
§ Uni-cameral Legislature
§ Independence of judiciary
§ Objective resolution as preamble
§ Urdu and Bengali was made official languages
and English was accepted for official business for
a maximum period of 25 years

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