Chemistry TST Bt TaTSA HN aera Sir JAC Board ) bis Col iN mT) (Lem olg EXPERIENCE Class Tith,12th Se aur au ee) M.Sc + B.EdWo SOLUTIONS Chopseh. = 92 ay M7 pate 2 10k 1.2022 a { A ce a = =a 1 Si ak oe In y Oo The sabution having two - | iY i onlutbian. = chile the Component ohare physical Tetote wi olijjerent [oom solution fe cabled _6olute | _€ac 4 — mere]“Pot Chhssipieation sf Solutions | —— | TA | On the basis oy cso state solution | ond La Omponentt. SAludtion Oh 4 nds | * Physical state Physical ate xamps i I 4 ¢Omponent ____ Gas. Gos vn Gos Panducsh iL (co + Nv tf soctten Gad (cot H i ; | i ood Liquid in_ga Pog ii Qi, oi ' id stn au Dust tn |} #9 ol ‘Quid old drinks i Lig dn Dious dl Rectit'ed | ADet het i sabid in Liquid sharbot. ih page no.[—_]I gene CJThe olution _bahiich it in Ogutlebrtem with salute i | saludiion 7 H“bul lueayhf =a lserght —wetpht] Percentage Laas percendage LO en A ed g Siig A meant Jaf.» 23s of ealute ; Mass 4 solution a) \Cadcwote. _mass/+ 4) soJutron.. when 124 | tne mined usith 130g glocase¢ Sol) Given, it _ I opeg 2 t9eg _ Glucose = 180-9.Uhea + booth ——S _sp/” 4o + J)0 ~— > sp i 7 GO iS i moss 7. Se — x+6f, 4 | 3 2 gn = Of. 6A | L 3 fut AQ. fa obeu locfe v/v 2 aghen _Qofe wi/w Nocl _-Noct + solven?f _—— > sof” i 20.4 Jéop cL —léo4 r i pecs 0 i T W/w f= 22 468 = i =I, intas4 glucose Phesenf ln jon mf solr (wily 7. = Mass Of saute x 199 Do oa 200 mb woky ol ‘ci Une + wooifes ——> sol? _.. ang 4+__2f0mp 250 mp, 3p We b- —50-20 vi ¥- ethonet so! Mans. 20md _etfoned is _present sin Joo mf sol. | | (v/y p= Whom oy cahte 50 volume Y Solution 480m ethene! _olissalved in inn md ator. iPind itt viv fe. Othone! + wats —S sp/h 8 Omg te 12.09 —S SO_mf Vif. = 3? ine [ a : = 201 Bi Qi. Calculate volume percent wien as ml banoeie Sol Benrene + solvent > solr 7 - 25 t___ 995 nf “50 viv_y. = = ee — = = 10% Ans faseno.[]M alority is___dlenoLed. te" — wi) — = molt Se = Molor _ oe _ > ™M St Molar —_Solutinn ——— 3 anne he solution containing. One (1) mele solute in — pes — Actes: —subutior Lis rable 1 molar solutionne = 6g, tm 4ogmol” , vx Usp 1 Mz? | Wwe know thot — | mi: 7 | MB V (in wt} \ 9S aller ; 73 oe 7 cal =r ta Zo sia @2.! , > a be are lio tee op — soutien. 5gP- “ven. [Wp = Say Mg = bog y = 2sn mf, M29 I we Know that Ms 7B, (000 i Ma Vv ap tag = 2 mall” gag —~ ry OSwoe Know that — L —M_= We» 1990 Ma Vint) > Sh ee toed 90 to 6. ; | 3 Wp > poe 2 s3 LOTR, Ga We = J/-3295 9 ans rf +—§| M. sol | Given. 7 Mg 2-84. ye sop ms | ye tar ig 0 Pt (0 we Know trot ia Ms 8 peoes, == |e vo: ify > no. a males ay salute \ . ass Oy (icy) | Mololity = Ng, ' : Wa (n_ky) ! _ + molality > We i dG Ne ! wa (in g) [ 7eofimad.. _—t Mp (in ig) =— mols rag ky! % kg d : i d . 7 9 = 1 malop rote sation — The Salution contain . A mole solute in ! kg solientsiux? colled 1 mola salubion: A" Coleulate eaalakily ey 0 salutign in sihieh Gihen aera + Hy 0 — Sol? Wp > S90 _Mg.= 60 : wp = +00 we Know that — 000 mi ey iG A o = Bex 00 60 pues a 2, . —{ __m_= s_malky! t—- — — Sf 4 Pe a nae al OO ——<—. a,we Know +thaf —_ S| A = May (900 ~ A i = 7 (000 ee ee Mp bp i) weno yee The ponds 07 salute present tn million (10° ) -podt__a —setution aL tale PPM strength - t eng’ ppm siaenoth = SS ee x lo : eng Mass 67 Sosution bog = p.p0ui$9 1 sal” 2 twa __ ~Sol?. i‘ +00 428 Sol | Given oreo 389. = 7 65 ——_| a Ppm=7 we Know that =| Bete $0.09 12992 a 7 + | Find PP m aan ye | Glucose so]? - } | sol Guense + MO ——> sol” : | 0-0693 Loog | > tests — a+ Ppm = oe i = 33 Ane =e hoee = == | waale - SoacHion i Oh. the na. iw ae i's asa aaa ae ae total " ny. ay ys idan.aT tyre Dp Dp = - > DEFT ay L tag The Sum oi m. Lil ae lean yl doe j - fn__970-9 wales . " ge ied ee e+ ooter = ~sa/? _ = o-BY moldy Glucose (lucose —lgane 335 = jas os tis ; =O — = 2 St-—_ OOS 4. Aro. -nniesicaseimenonnrenconcnccentseiat Mn a SsA nS. ne ntl see hakea Diy, 20 OS +333= __@o = ao. i eT 496 ; = 0-068: ang i 6 ‘ én guid’ a ie (PE [eS The mossy —salicle Lin gna ff —shland af 0 4p hen pealled srt goa z | By — i °c + — ubility of Nae tt | =_36 | | 180 SE means 36-9 aed olissolved tin pes Looe 4 solvent. sale iy — tlh a -[J—=>-nlafure 04 sable ond)caluent Like —obissalved Like” HH means 0 palas__sobte_ disalve gn > pallor —salvent._wWhele _o_nen- poler_ solute: -obissalves th __non=_polaa_selvenf. : fe Noe oer solute ) a a -| wodter (polos salvent) but insabuble — tin_Ketasene_) oi (non = pasar solvert 7 a =).i cr | ose 06 108 9022 WY ne ey So — a 1 pabns | (Pots) t U salvend/ 7 esepal taal On the _othes andl, - ‘solute oliiolue in non pedascallend ——lorwpalas solute) — non-pallan solve The _phessude _olovs pot ayeet On the salucbiti the a in Liga Bo Ia] _==s “TP mpeRaTure 2 1 pc! | y Coal -torn + ketacene aif Sol” i 7these ae a a ep? ex— Hef HH! |G) hahich react mith roan, fe 50g + M0 —— sy so, ©_tahich ean be _fmmed H-bond with = uu a {tae @--~--~H——N —H-~,---0- I A ihn eae - inde! | | spent + Feng a ef olimolution Atha Liquid 4 genesally tne poe *fireal — BT Pressure £—— aa’ The solubtity oy gas a increase fe ee On the i tasl Other-hand the. et - gad eens sly | clecrease _in peu. The eo! solubility pal. i ne a Pras ue. th Sbrploiald ee panel=ph ont 108 (Ro iat CL 3 be pee 0:5} i Kyi 218s A 10 i + rage no. —J i ar"a | Date 06. /08 4.900t G (we know Hod — t fe = X ae ip? yy 0. 59 ‘i 2 al g 2 Br , ~ 295 elas x05 Pa = 96 x Ips Po 41! we Know that — fg ta | dd. L 2 Pr | Dew 25x10 : C j o Bi > 2 LL 2108 Lh = Lao | t * Kn |e { es an \ ses, | Eo a t r Mow. n= Reor [> iE Tog oF "Hy } - the smn clfest quantity -# Neo, can -be_negelected > in alton deat yt, 7 __. ae eee D Neg 2 SKI Fs ose 6 |<" C0, = 2 PAO" [ 1,0 . 33-37-x103— ~~ ~ Nor > = Fe h—| |e 3 2 peng $2 828 1 Jot mal Core. I i| a . G ate 08 / 08 9002. GC 299 kK: Houo maa mlLinasler 7 A, youl Hala exmth a pail palin af otra Given that Heney's aus constant gar nk af 7 2.93 f 1 76-08 kh. as ky—= 36-8 = 36-43 A000 i = 46980 + ban. > 0-98} bar. pe hinowe that Py a Bie x Xn p, Se nu, Ne = aay = 26480 x 103 = 20-0199 x 1G% = aro | Now) | of a th eg ——_——___- ee _____| The smaller quanti leeds —derontdgd oC — eefl C {Ose rn Ld ae - a roictientei | ty = Tate — I a a Tt Ho 9-9-9 793, cokes Day = Lda to7S x gp ss~ 2 34-65 210° mal = F110 mol > tlimal I 4 =T54 Dy, = 4-16 FIO" % ono S FIC #IO” 0 tt mitfmolet BsBs — a Obit obiasalved! sen eald cabins. eee ae App Litabion — w . Jen yous — eilenat high pressure - | —>__Simall__amgunk 0, — dissolved a wrorter hick expat oda ee ag! ib. jen then —lhaé__oun earth sulpuee. pee TA one — climber —asuyj¢n form breathing aS ad “high —abtitudes he pressube_y Hence, _ Climber Cavry —_Ostyten oly cylende, =o. pationt it unable to absnh tng foo — ath Hes kept on pune enyell poles ee ——|The —hemy's fo ‘ u /—hshen = y ae ipahds “atl cht tonal tee | a4 should _nod_be undergo any chem heaction ot _chemical _ohorige Gi) the —9as—showld not _undey "aac dion or_oli§socioction _fn__the__sofuction. ()__cthe paessune should not fe veay— high: uei Fem pe? atu ‘s tabled ik yapous phessuhe ~ hessune, =, ea Seital A ee Post P i b cet| Date __/_/. Tempoature + — “paith increqse fn femperature the __vaPoun_Pressuie a a Liquid jnexeases onthe — othtrsand the Vapoun pressuhe __9¢—O_§ olecnenses wrth _clorrease tn fe mppenatune = Vopouh oxessune f However The em presune 4s an intensive it ipa Mol land upab—the_macs al Rowbt's lous of —vapaua —pressune *— WaT The partial pressure oy each 0 if a solution Lis olineotly onaptadional ont See 1 mmoles we “Gas apap Roult’s ‘pats ams tau : =~ P,lO ee ¥ | where. = 5 cs Papaya ity —cinetond == ~ Cha Pa} ———wC) ¢ = - ies ian 3 | of FD Zoe] pal egee eeoe s foom eq? 0 OQ. ce E puceeng r= r Cho =a? Y i: I plow fam 9? @) 2 4 . C= ht a E fl means, the saad a Liguid r i font” 1s equal ty tho : = 0n__and ___— A nown “as” Rault’s “Saud oy ——~if (fe = f° 4 see teet We _knov thot _— Lp Xp sf ES 2 i - eg Total _pressuse__= py + pp Per hiag es ie wees DP par tig + Tatras f rian eo” 2 p= baaa + by - boa a = Pat Pag Ps SHDoty chy + Depadl bao — = 0-44 - OUF FOS | i =, at = oneae r P— Ferg { Penge, = Peredy } Papel Qo0 +[uis = 900) 0-638 | = 900 + O)5 XO-688 P. 2. 2000+ (4) 69 = 34).9 pnp Saar at Tdeal anol _Non = Yoleal __sabution : —— 1 th 4 i The Liquid = ee ae Se | sodution onthe hadis a Raull's am oe Smee tae rem J]iD i\ cH, — 0H = CH. each, 1 = OH i) CN-1 + Ch, = tH, =1 tii} 6 os Gees beeenGla : = Pat + Boecy ° Ps p | “Ate @ Poy ©. 2 XA S oO — o> p20 epee eed Oz Veil lon = ideal olutlone < — 7 Tie anladian sable Lows = : Cis fot. —— { il} Sosthive ee solution —1shich Shows positive deviation : (eee P > hp +h reve (—}pasate aly nshen. hie es lecken ~ than goo, and 2 --~2 Jntraction. H___ mean the valume — increase duning miki Lp. Luso Liquids eromple of non-—toleal safudion shows posidve oleviodion $ ——— i wo =tC, Hy € H-bond. An CHa OFF aye Cy He fit oe =Date jy Alegative levitation . esos ; : po The no é 3 nuith ‘)ve deviation ave oLlousing feats = ; the each _companen? ey a auton has faults Sows U_Py 4 bp iy Py < by? Xp “iy PX Paxy + PavesSE behower ike a single Lisial: ff hos same —ampasifion in Hoe salution phase ond in he “yaptun phase:niente ae Minimum Boiling Ar eatoopics mixture —2————= | The __Areotrpicd _mirtime__vahose boiling —— a —_ ee yo solution abled: | = BP CGHe-OW = 95)-5 & Bie Pe HO. 2 393k EE CO, yo = Reetyied BP = gsl-IsK GS-6 f. GUS Alcohol) HNO, —+ Hy > __Salln p.p= 3.93:5k 687+ BO Iew ate vege no. [(—]8 O= "pr mz Valakle salute (6) sin vffatibe-aadrents]WP _t4 fue Sobvent (aj = by® yep oe s6l" containing = fon- volatile lute (B)~ t e F< ® . i a fa = Korsering iF ‘ a PRESSE. ares rer glia pian Pes ude Py = Be = Rededive—devering tf) ao “Vapour PRESSOEG Date ng the manana 9 falalicelaatlp VPS 4 —solvend “A” with malo rans (Mp) - ; ; yp a the saludion ee dilenied dane astniolal and! ynamde “ba 1 | bthen a ~ valbdife nme in — solvent ne »—the..—_uapler—_Piaessine — othe salution .heernmot 2! ___ Bowser eos the pune Solvent. But wake flected backing tara lin ont: I Se Bile —salutions ~eardaining non= valiile - = solute =%WR = | al | Me dy > 1 ko a d _t Sf i { kext Tl Ply 2M ite Wp roe we. —]Ce | Dateien The _tnchease tn bailing —painf— shen—_* salute “is oliuafved in ~ e Lind 2 ATh=2 ky, -enolalify > aie ATE * Malet = = ie mol kg! dig | 8 | Cobculache the boiling paint Sn Op I L @ # Z a udenon 4 thea Cah" | ota poessunes > =’ 2 969 x9 i sS Th, Pare 7 S104. 994ete Cee & err aed —the bailing -poind sj —S-S mm ‘ “FE = mee a8 eS) arg > ys ame he a Da aes cate | es = On ctl aDution “Lind ub the Ty ee OE it Sips webs Sis- 52K tes roe]Poon ce PekG Date __/, Kp = 186k ke mal” gon afer Calleutote the —javering pond yy Imag _ATY = kp x ao labity = Ty’ Te = pag x9 SDA pS posi i859 » Te ee G99" S09 9a 5.399 = 269+ 28 Kk png i ; Is > T° =f + 4-80 | S Tr S09 Te ean | i = 993 -9-3p = 963-40 k pos. Page No. eSDate __ 7. Siege ee sald ayy Uneo men soln : —— ey + $00 sont | ane = Ww 1000 5a | Se ae . a (ind) : a 2D TP-T = 86 i a = ke -~F > }-by =) Tf = tps = 2-4 2273 — >-4y: | S065. 50° pb We, aee ES ia, ere eable _memb ee ee ec fa ae FE ammaiigia sa eae vent FE the spontaneous Lou —op —sah Hmobecute. fom ~pune solvent Lo os a eg ian OSmds1s.cone. Noel fon.1 J Phe 2 yb meals, 2 t ; w hese f-=_densi A= P = asite tS oo 4 = Qg t A= cS fuse. es| A _ Tf P is constonky 0 CO. ef both boing _£ —— ! ALT po 0-089 atm mal k! Sh gagny qmoal" Kk" TE piabion Ocean be inten ak £—— a i) ;——— ; ~— Le Dy = _As OE e 7 C=C, a D ee a 2 be _W y Seed = rs I v, —— = I - =) 7 u > fy \ = UE My J Qt typertanie — subd Wihion - The Solutions Aauing. “solution it tabled o by pertonic Ccalicdion ; GL by patanic —sabiihion ‘ The solutions ts = | Revenge _Osmasis 3 : See - Jf Qn__external press use I “a saln e {2o0_32M_. The Sel soln to 2 solvent oe Abe pant 52m is ecblecl rage we. ——]br ainel tn Oh Sherense Tn phe < dotal no: ley _partielel anol _thenejre the value og ey ee eee 7 naeipht. Linversly—helated da 4 IAbnomnal cabeuated motor mass ae ma ——— ttc (ReePLEASE TE —MY— CHANNEL